159010 - Uncategorized Milan - Free user manual and instructions

USER MANUAL 159010 Milan

cálculo y inténtelo de nuevo.Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in Private Household in the European Union

• This symbol on the calculator or on its packaging indicates that this product must not be disposed of with your other household waste. Instead, it is your responsibility to dispose of your waste equipment by handing it over to a designated collection point for the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment. The separate collection and recycling of your waste equip- ment at the time of disposal will help to conserve natural resources and ensure that it is recycled in a manner that protects human health and the environment. For more information about where you can drop off your waste equipment for recycling, please contact your household waste disposal service or the shop where you purchased this calculator.Table of Contents Before using the calculator p. 1
• Handling Precautions p. 1
• Turning the Calculator On and Off p. 2
• Removing the Hard Case p. 3
• Power Supply p. 3
• How to replace the batteries? p. 5
• About the Keyboard p. 5
• Acoustic feedback p. 6
• About the Display p. 6
• Calculator Setup p. 7
• Calculator Modes p. 7
• Making Corrections during Input p. 9
• Basic Calculations p. 9
• Arithmetic Calculations p. 10
• When to use parentheses? p. 10
• Precedence Order of the Operations p. 11
• Percentage Calculations p. 12
• Fraction Calculations p. 13
• Decimal / Fraction Conversion p. 13
• Operating with Fractions p. 14
• Improper Fraction / Mixed Fraction Conversion p. 15
• Sexagesimal/Decimal Conversion p. 16
• Constant Calculations p. 16
• Memory Calculations p. 18
• Scientific Function Calculations p. 20
• Trigonometric/Inverse Trigonometric Functions p. 20
• Hyperbolic/Inverse Hyperbolic Functions p. 21
• Common and Natural Logarithms, Exponents p. 22
• Square Roots, Cube Roots, Squares, Reciprocals and Factorials p. 24

Handling Precautions Press the RESET button on the back of the calculator before using it for the first time.

• Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every three years. Dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave the dead battery in the calculator.

• Avoid use and storage in areas subject to ex- treme temperatures. Very low temperatures can cause slow display response, total failure of the display, and shortening of battery life. Also avoid leaving the calculator in direct sunlight, near a window, near a heater or anywhere else it might become exposed to very high temperatures. Heat can cause discoloration or deformation of the calculator’s case, and damage to its internal circuitry.

• Avoid use and storage in areas subject to humidity or dust. Never to leave the calculator where it might be splashed by water or exposed to large humidity or dust. These adverse conditions may damage its internal circuitry. Before using the calculator2

• Avoid any strong impact on the calculator, e.g. prevent it from dropping onto the floor.

• Never twist or bend the calculator. Avoid carry- ing the calculator in the pocket of your trousers or other tight-fitting clothing where it might be subject to twisting or bending.

• Never try to disassemble the calculator.

• Avoid pressing the keys of the calculator with a ballpoint pen or other pointed object.

• Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the unit. If the calculator becomes very dirty, wipe it off with a cloth moistened in a week solution of water and a mild neutral household deter- gent. Bring out all excess moisture before wip- ing the calculator. Never use thinner, benzine or other volatile agents to clean the calculator. Doing so may remove printed markings and damage the case. Turning the Calculator On and Off To turn the calculator on, press . To turn the calculator off, press ( ), that is, press and release the key, and then press (which has OFF printed in orange above it). Since the calculator has Static Memory, turning it off does not affect any information you have stored. To save energy, the calculator turns itself off after 6 minutes of no use.3

Removing the Hard Case The hard case should be removed by sliding it downwards. It can then be affixed to the back of the calculator as shown below. Power Supply This calculator is powered by two AAA batteries. In order to preserve battery life, a plastic tape protects the batteries during shipment, preventing them from closing the circuit and avoiding discharge. Make sure to remove the plastic tape before using the calculator for the first time. To remove the plastic tape, just pull it out. There is no need to unscrew the battery cover to remove the plastic tape.4

Regarding batteries, take into account the following comments:

• Low battery power can cause any stored information to become corrupted or completely lost. Always keep written records of all important data.

• All data stored in memory is lost when you replace the batteries. Write down important data before replacing the batteries.

• Never charge batteries, try to take batteries apart, or allow batteries to become shorted. Do not expose batteries to direct heat or dispose of them by incineration.

• Replace the batteries at least once every three years, regardless of how much the calculator is used. Old batteries may leak, causing serious damage to the interior of the calculator.

• Never mix batteries of different types, nor should your mix new batteries with old ones.

• Keep batteries out of the reach of small children.

• Remove the batteries if you do not plan to use the calculator for a long time.5

How to replace the batteries? Replace batteries as soon as possible when display characters become dim and difficult to read.

1. Press ( ) to switch the

2. Remove the screw that holds the battery

cover in place and then remove the battery cover.

3. Remove the old batteries.

4. Wipe off the sides of the new batteries with

5. Load them into the calculator. Always make

sure that the positive

terminals of the batteries are facing correctly when you load them into the calculator.

6. Put the battery cover back in place and

secure it in place with the screw.

7. Press to turn power on.

About the Keyboard Each key may have up to two functions: one printed on its face, and a SHIFT function printed above the key. Press the key before pressing the key for the desired function. For instance, to use the

function, press and release the key, then press . In this manual, this type of operations will be summa- rized as ( ).6

Acoustic feedback Acoustic feedback of the keyboard can be switched on and off by alternatively pressing

About the Display This calculator has a 10-digit display. On the top part of the display, the calculator may show different annunciators, which illustrate the current state of the calculator.

Annunciator Description The key is active. At the moment you press a key the keypad will unshift, and the annunciator will disappear. The key is has been pressed. After pressing a numeric key to choose a new mode, this annunciator SHIFT function

will disappear. The independent memory is storing a value.

A constant is being used.

The default angle unit is set to degrees.

The default angle unit is set to radians.

The default angle unit is set to grads. A fixed number of decimal places has been set. A fixed number of significant digits has been set. The calculator is in the “statistical” mode.

Calculator Modes It is important to enter the correct mode before starting a calculation. The table below details the available modes. Type of calculation Key operations to switch to the correct mode

Number of significant digit specification

Cancels FIX and SCI settings

(*) Display annunciators show current mode setting. Absence of display annunciator indicates COMP Mode. Remember! A mode guide is located below the display screen:

The angular modes DEG, RAD, and GRA can be used in combination with the COMP and SD modes. Always press before entering DEG, RAD, and GRA modes. Remember to always set the operating mode and angular unit (DEG, RAD, GRA) before starting your calculation. Additional considerations:

• does not exit SD mode.9

• does not clear SCI or FIX specifications. Making Corrections during Input If you make a mistake when introducing a value (but did not yet press an arithmetic operator key), press to clear the value and then input the correct one. In a series of calculations, press while an intermediate result is displayed to clear only the last calculation performed. After you press an operator key ( , , , , ( ), ( )

etc.) you can still change it by pressing the correct operator key. In this case, the operator of the last key you press is used, but the operation retains the order of precedence of the operation for the first key you pressed.

Arithmetic Calculations Example 1:

When to use parentheses? Any operations enclosed in parentheses are performed first. Example:

You can skip all operations before the key.11

Precedence Order of the Operations The following order of precedence applies to all calculations:

Operations with the same precedence are performed from left to right. Those operations enclosed in parentheses are performed first. In the case of nested parentheses, the operations enclosed in the innermost set of parentheses are performed first. Six registers, from L1 to L6 are used to store operations. Provided that there are six registers, calculations up to six levels can be stored. Each level can contain up to three open parentheses, so parentheses can be nested up to 18 times. Example: The following operation uses 4 levels and 5 nested parentheses. Corresponding key operations:

Percentage Calculations Percentage means “parts per hundred”. It can also be expressed as a fraction with a denominator of 100. Thus, a 10 percent solution may be expressed as 10%, 10/100, 0.10, or 10 parts per 100 parts. Example 1: Calculate 20%

Example 2: Calculate what percentage of

Example 5: To calculate the following, using a constant. 13%

Fraction Calculations Decimal / Fraction Conversion This calculator can work directly with fractions. Fractions can be classified according to 3 groups:

• Proper Fractions: The numerator is smaller than the denominator14

• Improper Fractions: The numerator is greater than (or equal to) the denominator E.g.

• Mixed Fractions: A combination of an integer number and a proper fraction to express the decimal part. This calculator allows using any of these 3 types of fractions. To input an improper or proper fraction, you should key in the numerator, then press , and next enter the denominator. The symbol is displayed in the screen to separate one number from another (e.g. numerator from denominator). As stated above, mixed fractions are formed by an integer number and a fraction combined into one “mixed” number. Again, to enter a mixed fraction you should first key in the integer number, then press , enter the numerator, press again, and next enter the denominator. Remember: The total number of digits (including division marks) cannot exceed 10. Operating with Fractions Example 1: calculations with mixed fractions

Example 2: simplifying a fraction

Fraction/decimal calculation result is always decimal. Example 4: decimal/fraction conversion =

Improper Fraction / Mixed Fraction Conversion The same amount can be represented either with an improper fraction or a mixed fraction. This conversion can be carried out simply pressing and . Example 1: «

Use the COMP mode for constant calculations. To enter the COMP Mode press . Press , , , or twice after inputting a number to set that number as a constant. is on the display while a constant is being used. Example 1: +5.62 , then +5.65

Use the COMP mode for memory calculations. To enter the COMP Mode press . Use ( ), , ( ) and for memory calculations. ( ) replaces current memory contents. appears when there is a value in memory. To clear memory, press ( ) or

Example 2: Calculate the following formula. +-+´+´-´=555(42)(42)(42)13 However, instead of introducing the formula as written in the example, use memory as illustrated below:

Once the operation has been introduced, press . Therefore, you will obtain the result after following the sequence: ( )

Example 3: To calculate the following using memory and a constant: ´-´+´=(252)(522)(802)106

Use the COMP mode for scientific function calculations. Enter the COMP Mode by pressing . Some calculations may take a long time to complete. You should wait for result before starting next calculation.

Trigonometric/Inverse Trigonometric Functions This calculator can operate with trigonometric functions using either degrees, radians or grads. Scientific Function Calculations21

Hyperbolic/Inverse Hyperbolic Functions The hyperbolic functions are analogs of the ordi- nary trigonometric functions: Just as the points (cos, sin)

define a circle, the points22

Common and Natural Logarithms, Exponents This calculator allows dealing with logarithms in an easy way. The base-10 logarithm of a given number is the power or exponent to which the base must be raised in order to produce the given number. Example 1: = log3.120.494154594

Another widely used base for logarithms (beyond

10) is the mathematical constant

This type of logarithm is known as natural logarithm (ln) , and can be easily used as illustrated below in the example. Example 2:

Square Roots, Cube Roots, Squares, Reciprocals and Factorials Example 1: 3424.560477932+´=

, rounding results to two places (FIX 2).

, rounding input to two places.

Press to clear FIX specification. Example 3:

, displaying result with two significant digits (SCI 2).

meters to kilometers.26

grams to milligrams.

Example 6: To generate a random number between

Example (results differ each time)

Polar/Rectangular Coordinate Conversion Coordinates can be expressed in many different spaces. This calculator allows mutual conversion between rectangular (also known as Cartesian) and Polar coordinates. Rectangular Polar Coordinates Coordinates27

can be calculated within a range of

. The calculation range is the same for radians and grads. Example 1: Convert polar coordinates (3,45)

Permutation and Combination Given a set of n elements, a permutation (also called an “arrangement number” or “order”) is the number of ways of obtaining an ordered subset of r elements from the original set of n elements. Obviously,

, with n and r: being natural numbers. Permutation is defined by the following formula:28

where “!” is the factorial operator. On the other hand, a combination is an un- ordered collection of r distinct elements, taken from a given set of n elements (again with

; and n, r being natural numbers). The number of r combinations is given by:

Example 1: Permutation. Determine how many different 4-digit values can be produced using the numbers 1 through 6.

Example 2: Combination. Determine how many different 4-member groups can be organized in a group of 8 individuals.

Exponential Display Formats As already explained, the calculator can display up to 10 digits. Larger values are automatically displayed using exponential notation. In the case of decimal values, you can select between NORM 1 and NORM 2 formats, which determine at what point exponential notation is used.29

NORM 1 Using NORM 1, exponential notation is automatically used for integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal values with more than two decimal places. NORM 2 With NORM 2, exponential notation is automatically used for integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal values with more than nine decimal places. Switching between NORM 1 and NORM 2 Press for switching between NORM 1 and NORM 2. Although there is no indication on the display of which format is currently in effect, it is possible to determine the setting by performing the following calculation:

• Data input always starts with ( ). This operation also clears all previous data.

• In the SD Mode the key operates as data input ( ).
• When entering data for statistical calculations, pressing ( ) inputs the same data twice.
• You can also input multiple entries of the same data using . To input the data 30 five times, for example, press

• To delete the data you have just input, press

Example: Follow the indications below to calcu- late 1

for the following data: 22, 25, 26, 28, 23, 23, 29, 24. Statistical Calculations (SD Mode)31

Sample standard deviation:

Population standard deviation:

The previous results can be obtained in any order, and not necessarily that shown above. Population Standard Deviation Sample Standard Deviation

Making Corrections during Data Input Example 1: How to change the data you have just input. Correct

Example 2: How to change the data you previously introduced. Correct

Key Summary General Arithmetic calculations Clear (retains memory)

Common antilogarithm Common logarithm Cosine

Square Square root Tangent

110 grad x <´ However, for tan

errors are cumulative and accuracy is affected at a certain point when

(x is an integer) P/C nrnr

n <´ (n and r are integers)38

( is an integer) xyn

Total of integer, numerator and denominator, must be 10 digits or less (including division marks)

Errors are cumulative with such internal continuous calculations as

Overflow or Error Check The following conditions make further calculation impossible:

• When a result (whether intermediate or final) or a total accumulated in memory is greater than

• When function calculations are performed using a value that exceeds the input range. (“ ” annunciator appears on the display.)

• When an illogical operation (such as an attempt to calculate

is performed during statistical calculations. (“ ” annunciator appears on the display.)

• When an illegal mathematical operation is performed, e.g. division by zero. (“ ” annunciator appears on the display.)

• The total number of nested parentheses levels exceeds six, or when more than 18 pairs of parentheses are used. (“ ” appears on the display.) To clear any of the above conditions, press and perform the calculation from the beginning. When “ ” appears on the display, it is also possible press . This clears the intermediate result just prior to the overflow, so you can continue with the calculation from that point. No error occurs when the result is within the range of

When you have a problem… If calculation results are not what you expect or if an error occurs, perform the following steps.

4. Check the formula you are working with to

confirm it is correct.

5. Enter the correct modes to perform the

calculation and try again.42

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×231.4 , tad 23(0.4)×−

( is an integer) xyn

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