C 38 T - Saw ALPINA - Free user manual and instructions

USER MANUAL C 38 T ALPINA

(21BPX078X) Per ricambi, usare solo catene e barre sopra citate. L'uso di combinazioni nn ap- provate può provocare serie lesioni personali e danneggiare la macchina. ATTENZIONE!EN INTRODUCTION 1 Dear Customer, thank you for choosing one of our products. We hope that you will be completely satisfied with this machine and that it fully meets your expectations. This manual has been compiled in order to provide you with all the information you need to get acquainted with the machine and use it safely and efficiently. Don’t forget that it is an integral part of the machine, so keep it handy so that it can be consulted when necessary, and pass it on to a further user if you resell or loan the machine. Your new machine has been designed and manufactured in pursuance with current regulations, and is safe and reliable if used in compliance with the instructions provided in this manual (proper use). Using the ma- chine in any other way, or non-compliance with the safety specifications relative to use, maintenance and repair is considered "improper use" which will invalidate the warranty, relieve the manufacturer from all li- abilities, and the user will consequently be liable for all and any damage or injury to himself or others. Always follow all the local safety regulations which can restrict the use of the machine. Since improvements are periodically made to our products, you may find slight differences between your machine and the descriptions contained in this manual. Certain modifications can be made to the machine without prior warning and without the obligation to update the manual, although the essential safety and function characteristics will remain unaltered. In case of any doubts, please contact your dealer. And now enjoy your work! CONTENTS

9a. Spiked bumper guard (to be removed while working)

22. Chain oil tank cap

23. Air cleaner cover

IDENTIFICATION PLATE 10.1) Conformity marking in accordance with Directive 2006/42/EC 10.2) Name and address of the manufacturer 10.3) Acoustic output level LWA in accordance with directive 2000/14/EC 10.5) Machine model 10.6) Serial number 10.7) Year of manufacture 10.8) Article Code 10.9) Emission number

1) Warning! Danger. The failure to use this ma-

chine correctly can be hazardous for oneself and others.

2) Beware of kickback! Kickback is the rapid and

uncontrollable backward motion of the chain-saw in the direction of the operator. Always work in complete safety. Use chains with safety links that limit kickback.

3) Never hold the machine with one hand! Hold the

machine fast with both hands to control the ma- chine and reduce the risk of kickback.

4) Read the instruction manual before using the

5) If you are using the machine every day in nor-

mal conditions, you can be exposed to a noise level of 85 dB (A) or higher. Wear ear protectors, safety goggles and a protective helmet.

6) Wear gloves and protective footwear!

aximum noise and vibration levels [1]

coustic pressure level guaranteed LpA

Maximum admissible rpm without load with chain installed

Maximum speed of the chain m/s 21 21/21.2 21.2 21.2 Fuel tank capacity

Maximum power specific consumption g/kWh 430 450 460 480 Oil tank capacity

Chain pinion teeth / pitch 6 / 0.375” 7 / 0.325” 6 / 0.375” 7 / 0.325” 7 / 0.325” Cutting length 330 mm - 14” 370 mm - 16” 385 mm - 16” (160MLBK041) 370 mm - 16” (160SDEA041) 390 mm - 16” 440 mm - 18” 440 mm - 18” 490 mm - 20” Weight (with empty tank) kg 4.7 4.7 5.4 5.5 [1] WARNING! The vibration value may vary according to the usage of the machine and its fitted equipment, and be higher than the one indicated. Safety measures must be established to protect the user and must be based on the load estimate generated by the vibrations in real usage conditions. In this regard, all the operational cycle phases must be taken into consideration, such as switching off or idle running.EN

PROPER USE / IMPROPER USE

Only use the machine for the purpose for which it was de- signed, that is for “felling, bucking and delimbing trees with dimensions suitable for the length of the bar” or wooden objects with the same characteristics. Any other use may be dangerous and damage the machine. Examples of improper use may include, but are not limited to: – trimming hedges; – intaglio carving; – sectioning pallets, crates and various packing materials; – sectioning furniture or other materials with nails, screws or other metal components; – butchering meat; – using the machine to lift, move or split objects; – using the machine while fastened to fixed supports. Do not use chain saw for cutting plastic, masonry or non- wood building materials. Use of the chain saw for opera- tions different than intended could result in a hazardous sit- uation. A) TRAINING

1) Read the instructions carefully. Become acquainted

with the controls and the proper use of the machine. Learn how to stop the engine quickly.

2) Never allow children or persons unfamiliar with these

instructions to use the machine. Local regulations may re- strict the age of the operator.

3) The machine must never be used by more than one

– when people, especially children or pets are in the vicin- ity; – f the user is tired or unwell, or has taken medicine, drugs, alcohol or any substances which may slow his re- flexes and compromise his judgement; – if the user is not capable of holding the machine firmly with two hands and/or remaining standing on the ground whilst working.

5) Remember that the operator or user is responsible for

accidents or hazards occurring to other people or their property. B) PREPARATION

1) Always wear adequate clothing which does not

hamper movements when using the machine. – Always wear slim-fitting protective clothing, fitted with shear-proof protection devices. – Always wear a helmet, protective gloves, eye-goggles, a half-mask respirator and safety anti-shear boots with non-slip soles. – Always wear ear and hearing protection devices. – Never wear scarves, shirts, necklaces, or any hanging or flapping accessory that could catch in the machine or in any objects or materials in the work area – Tie your hair back if it is long.

2) WARNING: DANGER! Fuel is highly flammable:

– keep the fuel in containers which have been specifically manufactured and homologated for such use; – never smoke when handling fuel; – slowly open the fuel tank to allow the pressure inside to decrease gradually; – top up the tank with fuel in the open air, using a funnel; – add fuel before starting the engine. Never remove the fuel tank cap or add fuel while the engine is run- ning or when the engine is hot;

12) Chain oil tank and oil flow adjuster

13) Carburettor adjustments

L = low speed mixture adjuster H = high speed mixture adjuster T = idle speed adjuster

16) Chain brake (the symbol shows

the position in which the brake is released) EXPLANATORY SYMBOLS ON THE MACHINE (if present)

16– if you have spilt some fuel, do not attempt to start the en-

ine but move the machine away from the area of spillage and avoid creating any source of ignition until the fuel has evaporated and fuel vapours have dissi-

immediately clean up all traces of fuel spilt on the ma-

hine or on the ground; – never start the machine in the same place you refilled it

ith fuel; – make sure your clothing does not come into contact with the fuel, on the contrary, change your clothes before

always put the tank and fuel container caps back on and tighten well.

3) Replace faulty or damaged silencers.

4) Before using the machine, check its general condi-

tion and in particular: – the throttle trigger and the safety lever must move freely, they must not need forcing and should return automat- ically and rapidly back to the neutral position; – the throttle trigger must remain locked until the safety lever is pressed; – the engine stop switch must easily move from one po- sition to the other; – the electric cables and in particular the spark plug cable must be in perfect condition to avoid the generation of any sparks, and the cap must be correctly fitted on the spark plug; – the machine handgrips and protection devices must be clean and dry and well fastened to the machine; – the chain brake must be in perfect working order; – the bar and the chain must be fitted correctly; – the chain must be tensioned correctly.

5) Before starting your work, make sure that all the pro-

tection devices are correctly fitted. C) OPERATION

1) Do not operate the engine in a confined space where

dangerous carbon monoxide fumes can collect. Make sure air circulates when working in pits, holes or sim- ilar.

2) Work only in daylight or good artificial light.

3) Take on a firm and well-balanced position:

– where possible, avoid working on wet, slippery ground or in any case on uneven or steep ground that does not guarantee stability for the operator; – avoid using unstable ladders or platforms; – do not work with the machine above your shoulders; – never run, but walk carefully paying attention to the lay of the land and any eventual obstacles. – avoid working alone or in an isolated place, in case you have to find help after an accident.

4) Make sure the machine is securely locked when you

start the engine: – start the motor in an area at least 3 metres from where you refuelled; – check that there are no persons in the vicinity of the ma- chine; – do not direct the silencer and therefore the exhaust fumes towards inflammable materials. – watch out for flying debris caused by the movement of the chain, especially when it hits obstacles or foreign ob- jects.

5) Do not change the engine tuning and do not rev the

engine excessively at maximum speed.

6) Do not strain the machine too much and do not use a

small chain-saw for heavy-duty sawing. If you use the right machine, you will reduce the risk of hazards and im- prove the quality of your work.

7) Check that when the machine is running idle, there is

o movement of the chain and, after pressing the throttle trigger, the engine quickly returns to minimum speed.

8) Take care not to hit the bar hard against foreign objects

r flying debris caused by the movement of the chain.

whenever you leave the machine unattended; – before refuelling.

0) Stop the engine and disconnect the spark plug

cable: – before cleaning, checking or working on the machine;

after striking a foreign object. Inspect the machine for

ny damage and make repairs before restarting it again; – if the machine begins to abnormally vibrate (Immediate look for the cause of the vibrations and take for neces- sary controls at a Specialised Centre). – when the machine is not in use.

11) Avoid exposure to dust and sawdust produced by

the chain when cutting.

D) MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE

1) Keep all nuts, bolts and screws tightly fastened to be

sure the equipment is in safe working condition. Routine maintenance is essential for safety and for main- taining a high performance level.

2) Do not store the machine with fuel in the tank in an area

where the fuel vapours could reach an open flame, a spark or a strong heat source.

3) Allow the engine to cool before storing in any en-

4) To reduce fire hazards, keep the engine, exhaust si-

lencer and fuel storage area free from sawdust, branches, leaves, or excessive grease; never leave containers with the cut debris inside the storage area.

6) If the fuel tank has to be emptied, this should be

done outdoors once the engine has cooled down.

7) Make sure the chain is well sharpened. Any work on

the chain and bar require specific experience and special tools. For safety purposes, we recommend you contact your dealer to ensure work is done correctly.

8) For safety reasons, never use the machine with

worn or damaged parts. Damaged parts are to be re- placed and never repaired. Only use original spare parts. Parts that are not of the same quality can seriously damage the equipment and compromise safety.

9) Before putting the machine away, check you have re-

moved wrenches or tools used for maintenance.

10) Store the machine out of the reach of children!

E) TRANSPORTATION AND HANDLING

1) Whenever the machine is to be handled or transported

you must: – turn off the engine, wait for the chain to stop and dis- connect the spark plug cap; – mount the bar cover; – only hold the machine using the handgrips and position the bar in the opposite direction to that used during op- eration.

2) When using a vehicle to transport the machine, posi-

tion it so that it can cause no danger to persons and fas- ten it firmly in place to avoid it from tipping over, which may cause damage or fuel spillage. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 5 ENAs a chain saw user, you should take several steps to keep

our cutting jobs free from accident or injury. Kickback is the result of tool misuse and/or incorrect op- erating procedures or conditions and can be avoided by

aking proper precautions as given below:

Maintain a firm grip, with thumbs and fingers en- circling the chain saw handles, with both hands on

he saw and position your body and arm to allow you to resist kickback forces. Kickback forces can be controlled by the operator, if proper precautions are

aken. Do not let go of the chain saw.

Do not overreach and do not cut above shoulder height. This helps prevent unintended tip contact and enables better control of the chain saw in unexpected situations.

• Only use replacement bars and chains specified by the manufacturer. Incorrect replacement bars and chains may cause chain breakage and/or kickback.

• Follow the manufacturer's sharpening and main- tenance instructions for the saw chain. Decreasing the depth gauge height can lead to increased kickback.

H) CHAIN-SAW OPERATING TECHNIQUES

Always observe the safety regulations and use the most suitable sawing techniques (see chapter 7 for instructions and examples).

J) RECOMMENDATION FOR THE FIRST-TIME

USERS Before felling or delimbing for the first time, make sure: – you have been specifically trained to use this type of equipment; – you have carefully read the safety regulations and user instructions contained in this manual; – you practise first on logs on the ground or attached to trestles, in order to get familiar with the machine and the most suitable cutting techniques.

K) HOW TO READ THE MANUAL

Certain paragraphs in the manual contain particularly sig- nificant information and are marked with various levels of highlighting with the following meaning:

These give details or further in- formation on what has already been indicated, and aim to prevent both damage to the machine, and the machine from causing damage. Non-observance will result in the risk of injury to oneself or others. Non-observance will result in the risk of serious injury or death to oneself or oth- ers. DANGER! WARNING! IMPORTANT NOTE

• Keep all parts of the body away from the saw chain when the chain saw is operating. Before you start

he chain saw, make sure the saw chain is not con-

acting anything. A moment of inattention while oper-

ting chain saws may cause entanglement of your cloth- ing or body with the saw chain.

Always hold the chain saw with your right hand on the rear handle and your left hand on the front handle. Holding the chain saw with a reversed hand

onfiguration increases the risk of personal injury and

hould never be done.

• Wear safety glasses and hearing protection. Fur- ther protective equipment for head, hands, legs and feet is recommended. Adequate protective cloth- ing will reduce personal injury by flying debris or acci- dental contact with the saw chain.

• Do not operate a chain saw in a tree. Operation of a chain saw while up in a tree may result in personal injury.

• Always keep proper footing and operate the chain saw only when standing on fixed, secure and level surface. Slippery or unstable surfaces such as ladders may cause a loss of balance or control of the chain saw.

• When cutting a limb that is under tension be alert for spring back. When the tension in the wood fibres is released the spring loaded limb may strike the oper- ator and/or throw the chain saw out of control.

• Use extreme caution when cutting brush and saplings. The slender material may catch the saw chain and be whipped toward you or pull you off balance.

• Carry the chain saw by the front handle with the chain saw switched off and away from your body. When transporting or storing the chain saw always fit the guide bar cover. Proper handling of the chain saw will reduce the likelihood of accidental contact with the moving saw chain.

• Follow instructions for lubricating, chain tension- ing and changing accessories. Improperly tensioned or lubricated chain may either break or increase the chance for kickback.

• Keep handles dry, clean, and free from oil and grease. Greasy, oily handles are slippery causing loss of control.

• This machine’s starter unit generates an average sized electromagnetic field, but it is not however possible to exclude the possibility of interference on any active or passive medical devices that operators may be wearing; this could be risky for their health con- ditions. All those using medical devices should always consult their GP, or the device manufacturer, before using this machine.

G) CAUSES AND OPERATOR PREVENTION

OF KICKBACK: Kickback may occur when the nose or tip of the guide bar touches an object, or when the wood closes in and pinches the saw chain in the cut. Tip contact in some cases may cause a sudden reverse re- action, kicking the guide bar up and back towards the op- erator. Pinching the saw chain along the top of the guide bar may push the guide bar rapidly back towards the operator. Either of these reactions may cause you to loose control of the saw which could result in serious personal injury. Do not rely exclusively upon the safety devices built into your saw. 6 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS ENscrew (4) using a screwdriver until the pin is completely inserted (Fig. 4). – Turn the chain tension adjuster screw (4) to ad- just the chain tension (Fig. 4). – Raise the bar and tighten the guard nuts securely using the wrench (Fig. 5).

Machines with quick chain tension adjuster (SP 375Q, SP 405Q, C 38 T, C 41 T) – Unscrew the handle (11) and remove the guard to get to the drive sprocket and the point where the bar is fitted (Fig. 1A). – Remove the plastic spacer, (12); this spacer must be used exclusively when transporting the machine in its packaging and must not be used at any other time (Fig. 1A). – Mount the bar (2) by inserting the stud bolts in the groove and push it towards the back of the machine body (Fig. 2). – Mount the chain in the right direction around the drive sprocket and along the bar rail (Fig. 3). If the tip of the bar has a nose sprocket, make sure the drive links fit correctly in the sprocket rims. – Fit the guard back on without tightening the han- dle (11). Check that the chain tension adjuster pin (14) is fitted properly in the hole on the bar; if it isn’t, turn the chain tension adjuster ring-nut (15) until the pin is completely inserted (Fig. 4A). – Turn the ring-nut (15) to obtain the desired chain tension level (Fig. 4A). – Raise the bar and tighten the handle (11) se- curely (Fig. 5A).

• Checking the chain tension Check the chain tension. The tension is correct when the drive links do not slip out of the chain guides if you hold the chain in the middle of the bar (Fig. 7). The machine is supplied with the bar and chain dismantled and the oil and fuel tanks empty. Unpacking and complet- ing the assembly should be done on a flat and stable surface, with enough space for machi- ne handling and its packaging, always making use of suitable equipment. Disposal of the packaging should be done in accordance with the local regulations in force. Always wear heavy-duty gloves when handling the bar and chain. Mount the bar and chain very carefully so as not to impair the safety and efficiency of the machine. If in doubt, contact your dealer. Before fitting the bar, make sure the chain brake is not engaged; this is done by pulling the front hand guard right back towards the body of the machine. Perform all operations with the engine off.

BAR AND CHAIN MOUNTING

• M achines with standard chain tension adjuster – Unscrew the nuts and remove the clutch cover to get to the drive sprocket and point where the bar is to be fitted (Fig. 1). – Remove the plastic spacer, (1); this spacer must be used exclusively when transporting the ma- chine in its packaging and must not be used at any other time (Fig. 1). – Mount the bar (2) by inserting the stud bolts in the groove and push it towards the back of the machine body (Fig. 2). – Mount the chain in the right direction around the drive sprocket and along the bar rail (Fig. 3). If the tip of the bar has a nose sprocket, make sure the drive links fit correctly in the sprocket rims. – Check that the chain tension adjuster pin (3) of the clutch cover is fitted properly in the hole on the bar; if it isn’t, turn the chain tension adjuster WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! IMPORTANT MACHINE ASSEMBLY 7

4. MACHINE ASSEMBLYTo prepare the fuel mixture:

– Place about half the amount of petrol in a ho- mologated tank – Add all the oil, according to the chart. – Add the rest of the petrol. – Close the top and shake well. The fuel mixture tends to age. Do not prepare excessive amounts of the fuel mixture to avoid deposits from forming. Keep the petrol and fuel mix- ture containers separate and easily identifiable to avoid the mistake of using one in place of the other. Periodically clean the petrol and fuel mixture containers to remove any eventual deposits.

Never smoke whilst refu- elling and avoid inhaling the petrol fumes. Add fuel before starting the engine. Never remove the fuel tank cap or add fuel while the engine is running or when the engine is hot. Carefully open the tank top as pressure could have formed inside. Before refuelling: – Shake the fuel mixture container well. – Place the machine on a flat stable surface, with the fuel tank cap facing upwards. – Clean the fuel tank cap and the surrounding area to avoid any dirt from entering the tank during re- filling. – Carefully open the fuel tank cap to allow the pressure inside to decrease gradually. Use a funnel to refill and avoid filling the tank to the brim. DANGER! WARNING! DANGER! IMPORTANT IMPORTANT IMPORTANT

1. PREPARING THE FUEL

This machine is fitted with a two-stroke engine which requires a mixture of petrol and lubricating oil. Using petrol alone will dam- age the motor and will cause for invalidation of the warranty. Only use quality fuels and oils to maintain high performance and guarantee the duration of the mechanical parts over time.

• Petrol characteristics Only use unleaded petrol with a fuel grade of at least 90 N.O. Unleaded petrol tends to cre- ate deposits in the container if preserved for more than 2 months. Always use fresh petrol!

• Oil characteristics Only use top quality synthetic oil specifically for two-stroke engines. Your dealer can provide you with oils which have been specifically developed for this type of engine, and which are capable of guaranteeing a high level of protection. The use of these oils makes it possible to prepare a 2,5% mixture, consisting in 1 part oil to 40 parts petrol.

• Preparation and preservation of the fuel mixture Petrol and the fuel mixture are highly inflam- mable! – Keep the petrol and fuel mixture in homolo- gated fuel containers, in safe place, away from any flames or heat sources. – Never leave the containers within the reach of children. – Never smoke whilst preparing the mixture and avoid inhaling the petrol fumes. The chart indicates the amount of petrol and oil to use to prepare the fuel mixture according to the type of oil used. DANGER! IMPORTANT IMPORTANT IMPORTANT

etrol Synthetic oil 2-stroke

0 0,250 250The tension is correct when the drive links do not slip out of the chain guides if you hold the chain in the middle of the bar (Fig. 5).

• M achines with standard chain tension adjuster – Loosen the cover nuts, using the supplied wrench (Fig. 4). – Turn the chain tension adjuster screw (4) to ad- just the chain tension (Fig. 4). – Raise the bar and tighten the guard nuts se- curely using the wrench (Fig. 5).

Machines with quick chain tension adjuster (SP 375Q, SP 405Q, C 38 T, C 41 T) – Loosen the handle (11) (Fig. 4A). – Turn the ring-nut (15) to obtain the desired chain tension level (Fig. 5A). – Raise the bar and tighten the handle (11) se- curely (Fig. 5A).

6. CHECKING THE CHAIN BRAKE

This machine is equipped with a safety brake sys- tem. In the event of a kickback while working, following an irregular contact of the tip of the bar, with a brusque upward movement that causes the hand to strike the front guard. In this case, the brake blocks chain movement and must be released manually in order to disengage it. This brake can be operated manually by pushing the front guard forward. To release the brake, pull the front guard towards the handgrip until you hear a click. To check that the brake works efficiently, proceed as follows: – Make sure you are holding the machine firmly with both hands when you start the engine – Use the accelerator level to keep the chain mov- ing, push the brake lever forwards using the back of you left hand; the chain must stop im- mediately. – When the chain has stopped, immediately re- lease the accelerator lever. – Release the brake. Do not use the machine if the chain brake does not function correctly and have it inspected by your dealer. WARNING! Always close the fuel tank cap firmly. Immediately clean all tra- ces of fuel which may have dripped on the machine or the ground and do not start the en- gine until the petrol fumes have dissipated.

Only use special oil for chain saws or adhesive oil for chain saws. Do not use oil containing impurities so as not to block the oil filter and to prevent irreparable damage to the oil pump. The special oil for lubricat- ing the chain is biodegradable. Use of a mineral oil or engine oil causes serious damage to the envi- ronment. It is essential that you use good quality oil to lubri- cate the cutting parts effectively. Used or poor quality oil does not guarantee good lubrication and reduces the duration of the chain and bar. It is always worth topping up the oil tank complete- ly (using a funnel) every time you refuel. Since the oil tank capacity is enough to guarantee that the fuel runs out first, you will avoid the risk of operat- ing the machine without lubricant.

4. CHECKING THE MACHINE

Before starting work please: – fill the relevant tanks with fuel and oil; – check that all the screws on the machine and the bar are tightly fastened; – check that the chain is sharp and there are no signs of any damage; – check that the air filter is clean; – check that handgrips and protection devices are clean and dry, correctly mounted and well fas- tened to the machine; – check that the handgrips are well fastened; – check that the chain brake is working efficiently; – check the chain tension; – checking functional of the clutch: Before each use, confirm that there is no chain movement when the chain saw running at idling speed.

5. CHECKING THE CHAIN TENSION

Perform all operations with the engine off. WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! IMPORTANT IMPORTANT

ENNever start the chain saw by holding on to the starter cable and allowing it to fall. This is an extremely dangerous method as you lose complete control over the machine and the chain. To avoid breaking the starter rope, do not pull the whole length of it or let it slide along the edge of the cable guide hole. Release the starter gradually, to avoid letting it fly back uncon- trollably.

7. Push the choke knob inward halfway.

8. Pull the starter rope again until the engine starts

as normal If the starter rope is pulled repeatedly with the choke on, it may flood the en- gine and make starting difficult. If you have flooded the engine, remove the spark plug and gently pull the handle on the starter rope to eliminate any ex- cess fuel; then dry the spark plug electrodes and replace it on the engine.

9. When the engine has started, press the throttle

trigger to disconnect the starter and allow the engine to idle. Do not let the engine run at high power with the chain brake engaged, as this could cause overheating and damage to the clutch.

10. Pull up the front handle guard toward the front

handle to release brake. Let the engine run idle for at least 1 minute be- fore using the machine.

• Hot starting When hot starting (immediately after stopping the engine), follow the procedure indicated above in points 1 - 2 - 5 - 6 - 9 - 10. USE OF THE ENGINE (Fig. 10) Always disengage the chain brake, pulling the lever towards you before using the accelerator. IMPORTANT DANGER! IMPORTANT NOTE IMPORTANT

The engine must be start- ed in an area at least 3 metres from where you refilled the fuel tank. Before starting the engine: – Place the machine firmly on the ground. – Take off the bar cover. – Make sure the bar is not touching the ground or any other object. – Before you start the engine, make sure the saw chain is not contacting anything. Make sure the chain brake always is activated before each starting.

• Cold starting A “cold” start of the engine means starting it after at least 5 minutes from when it was switched off or after refuelling. To start the engine (Fig. 8):

1. Check that the chain brake is engaged (with

the front hand guard pushed forward).

2. Set the switch (1) to «START».

3. Pull the knob (2) as far as possible to engage

to prime the carburettor.

5. Hold the machine firmly on the ground, with

your hand on the handgrip and your foot in the rear handgrip, to avoid losing control during starting (Fig. 9). If the machine is not held firmly, the force of the engine could cause the user to lose his balance or direct the bar to- wards him or an obstacle.

6. Pull the starter rope slowly for 10 - 15 cm until

you feel some resistance, then tug it hard a few times until you hear the engine turn over. Never wind the starter ca- ble around your hand. WARNING! WARNING! NOTE WARNING!

6. HOW TO START - USE – STOP THE ENGINEThis product has accordingly been designed with

a ventilation hatch on the right side of the surface of the cylinder cover to allow warm air to be sup- plied to the engine and to thereby prevent icing from occurring. Under normal circumstances the product should be used in the normal operating mode, i.e., in the mode which it is set at the time of shipment. How- ever when the possibility exists that icing may oc- cur, the unit should be set to operate in the anti- freeze mode before use. To switch from “Normal” mode to “Anti-freeze” mode (and vice versa) (Fig. 11):

1. Switch the engine off.

2. Remove the air filter cover (1) and the air filter

3. Remove the choke (3) from the cylinder cover

4. Unscrew the screws (5) which secure the cylin-

der cover in place (three screws inside and one outside) and remove the cylinder cover.

5. Use your fingers to press the anti-freeze cap (6)

on the right side of the cylinder cover and slide it out from its seat.

6. Turn the anti-freeze cap (6) so that the "SNOW"

symbol is facing upwards and then replace the cap.

7. Replace the cylinder cover and all the other

parts in their original position. If the machine is used in anti- freeze mode at higher temperatures, this may cause difficulties when starting the engine and dur- ing use due to the incorrect engine speed. Always check that the machine is switched to normal mode (with the "SUN" symbol facing upwards) if there is no danger of ice forming. NOTE The chain speed is regulated by the throttle trigger (1) on the rear handgrip (2). The throttle trigger only works if the lockout (3) is pressed at the same time. The movement is transmitted from the engine to the chain by a centrifugal mass clutch that prevents the chain from moving when the engine is running at minimum speed. Do not use the machine if the chain moves when the engine is running idle; in this case, contact your dealer. The correct running speed will be achieved by pressing the throttle trigger (1) as far as possible. Avoid using the engine at full power for the first 6-8 working hours. STOPPING THE ENGINE (Fig. 10) To stop the engine: – Release the throttle trigger (1) and allow the en- gine to run idle for a few seconds. – Set the switch (4) to «STOP». When you have reduced speed to a minimum, it may take a few sec- onds for the chain to stop. If the machine does not turn off, pull the starter to flood and stop the engine and immediately contact the dealer to find the cause of the problem and request necessary repairs.

USING THE ANTI-FREEZE DEVICE

(excluding C 46 - XC 246 - C 50 - CP 45 - A 455 - MC 846 models) (Fig. 11) Operating chain saws in temperatures of 0 – 5°C at times of high humidity may result in ice forming within the carburetor, and this in turn may cause the output power of the engine to be reduced or for the engine to fail to operate smoothly. IMPORTANT WARNING! IMPORTANT WARNING!

HOW TO START - USE – STOP THE ENGINE 11During the first period of use (or after replacing the chain), it must be checked more frequently due to settling of the chain. Never work with the chain loose, as it can be hazardous if the chain slips out of its guides. To adjust the chain tension, follow the instructions in Chapter 5.5.

• Checking the oil delivery Never use the machine with- out lubrication! The oil tank may get almost empty every time the fuel runs out. Make sure you top up the oil tank every time you refuel the chain-saw. Make sure the bar and the chain are in place when you check the oil de- livery. Start the engine, keep it running at medium power and check if the chain oil is delivered as shown in the figure (Fig. 12). You can adjust the chain oil flow using a screw- driver on the adjuster screw (1 or 1a) of the oiler, which is on the bottom of the machine (Fig. 12).

2. DIRECTIONS FOR USE AND CUTTING

TECHNIQUES Before felling or delimbing for the first time, practise sawing logs on the ground or on trestles, so that you can get familiar with the machine and the most suitable sawing techniques. When running, the ma- chine must always be firmly held in both hands, with the left hand on the front handgrip and the right hand on the rear handgrip, even if the operator is left-handed. IMPORTANT WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! IMPORTANT Always remember that an in- correctly used chain-saw may disturb others and have a serious impact on the environment. To respect people and the environment: – Avoid using the machine in environments or at times of the day when it may disturb others. – Scrupulously comply with local regulations and provisions for the disposal of waste materials after sawing. – Scrupulously comply with local regulations and provisions for the disposal of oils, damaged parts or any elements which have a strong impact on the environment. – A certain amount of chain lubricating oil is rele- ased into the environment when the machine is running, so only use biodegradable oils made specifically for this use. – To avoid the risk of fire, do not leave the machi- ne with the engine hot on leaves or dry grass. Always wear suitable clo- thing when using the machine. Your dealer can provide you with all the information on the most suitable accident-prevention devices to guarantee your safety. Wear anti-vibration gloves. All the above-mentioned precautions do not however guarantee the prevention of certain risks – i.e. Raynaud’s phenomenon or Carpal tunnel syndrome. For operators who use this machine for prolonged periods, it is therefore recommended to have periodic check-ups on the hands and fingers. If any of the above mentioned symptoms should appear, please contact a physician im- mediately. It takes specific training to use the machine for felling and delimbing.

1. CHECKS DURING WORK

• Checking the chain tension The chain tends to stretch gradually as you work, so you need to check its tension frequently. WARNING! IMPORTANT WARNING!

Be careful of where the branches are lying on the ground, the risk of them being under tension, the direction the branch may go during cutting and the risk of the tree being unstable after the branch has been cut.

1. Check the direction in which the branch is at-

2. First cut on the side where the branch bends

and then finish cutting on the opposite side.

• Sawing logs (Fig. 16) It is easier to saw a log using the spiked bumper.

1. Dig the spiked bumper into the log and use it as

a pivot. Cut with an arched motion to make the bar penetrate the wood.

2. Repeat several times if necessary, changing

the point where you plant the spiked bumper.

• Sawing a log on the ground (Fig. 17) Cut up to half the diameter, roll the log over and fin- ishing sawing on the other side.

• Sawing a raised log (Fig. 18)

1. If you are sawing the overhanging end of a sup-

ported log (A), first cut a third of the diameter from the bottom upwards, then finish from the top.

2. If you are sawing between two supports (B),

cut a third of the diameter from the top down- wards, then finish from the bottom. Use a spiked bumper when cutting trees and thick branches can ensure your safety and decrease the branches can ensure your safety and decrease the working strength and vibration level.

3. END OF OPERATIONS

When you have finished your work: – Switch off the engine as indicated above (Chap. 6). – Wait for the chain to stop and allow the machine to cool. – Loosen the rod fastening nuts to reduce chain tension. – Remove any traces of sawdust or oil deposits from the chain. WARNING! Stop the engine immedi- ately if the chain stops during sawing. Beware of kickback, which can occur if the bar con- tacts an obstacle.

• Delimbing (Fig. 13) Make sure there is nothing or nobody in the area where the branches will fall.

1. Stand opposite the branch you want to cut.

2. Start cutting lower branches followed by the

3. Cut downwards to prevent the bar from getting

• Felling (Fig. 14) When felling on slopes, al- ways stand uphill from the tree and check that the felled trunk cannot cause damage if it rolls down the hill.

1. Decide where the tree should fall – you should

consider the wind, the natural lean of the tree, the position of the heaviest branches and how easy the work is after felling, etc.

2. Clear the area around the tree and find a stable

3. Plan obstacle-free escape routes at a 45° angle

back and away from the direction of fall. These routes must allow you reach a safe area at a dis- tance of about 2.5 times the length of the tree to be felled.

4. On the side of the fall, mark a felling notch

around a third of the trunk’s diameter.

5. Cut the tree on the other side, slightly above the

bottom of the notch, leaving the uncut wood to act as a “hinge” (1) of approx. 5-10 cm.

6. Reduce the thickness of this hinge without

pulling out the bar, until the tree falls.

7. In particular or unstable conditions, you can

complete felling by inserting wedges (2) on the opposite side of the fall, and hitting them with a hammer until the tree falls. WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!

For your safety and that of others: – Correct maintenance is essential to maintain the original efficiency and safety of the ma- chine over time. – Keep all nuts, bolts and screws tight to be sure the equipment is in safe working con- dition. – Never use the machine with worn or dam- aged parts. Damaged parts are to be re- placed and never repaired. – Only use original spare parts. Parts that are not of the same quality can seriously dam- age the equipment and compromise safety. During maintenance oper- ations: – Remove the spark plug cap. – Wait until the engine is sufficiently cold. – Use protective gloves when handling the bar and chain. – Keep the bar protection devices on, except when intervening directly on the bar or the chain. – Never dispose of oils, fuel or other polluting materials in unauthorised places. CYLINDER AND SILENCER (Fig. 19) To reduce fire risks, periodically clean the cylinder flaps with compressed air and clear the silencer area to get rid of sawdust, branches, leaves or other debris. STARTING SYSTEM To avoid overheating and damage to the engine, al- ways keep the cooling air vents clean and free of sawdust and debris. WARNING! WARNING! The starter rope must be replaced as soon as it shows signs of wear. CLUTCH UNIT (Fig. 20) Keep the clutch bell free of sawdust and debris, re- move the casing (as illustrated in Chap. 4.1) and re- place it correctly when the operation has been completed. Have your dealer check the greasing of the internal bearing every 30 hours (approx.). CHAIN BRAKE Regularly check the efficiency of the chain brake and the condition of the metal band around the clutch bell, remove the casing (as illustrated in Chap. 4.1) and replace it correctly when the oper- ation has been completed. Replace this band when the points in contact with the clutch bell wear down to about half the thick- ness of the two ends not subject to rubbing. CHAIN SPROCKET Regularly check the condition of the sprocket with your local retailer and replace it when wear ex- ceeds the accepted limits. Do not mount a new chain with a worn sprocket or vice-versa. LUBRICATION HOLE (Fig. 21) Periodically remove the casing (as illustrated in Chap. 4.1) remove the bar and check that neither the machine lubrication holes (1) or the bar (2) are clogged.

8. MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE

– If there is excessive dirt or resin build-up, disas- semble the chain and place it in a container with a specific cleanser. Then rinse it with clean wa- ter and treat it with a suitable anticorrosive spray, before reassembling on the machine. – Fit the bar cover before reassembling the ma- chine. Allow the engine to cool before storing in any enclosure. To reduce fire hazards, clean the machine thoroughly to get rid of any sawdust, bran- ches, leaves or excess grease, never leave containers with the cut debris inside the stor- age area.

CHAIN CATCHER This is an important safety device that restrains the chain if it breaks or degrooves. Regularly check the condition of the pin and re- place it if damaged.

Periodically check that all the nuts and screws are securely tightened and the handgrips are tightly fastened. It is recommended that daily inspection before use and after dropping or other impacts to identify significant damage or defects. CLEANING THE AIR FILTER (Fig. 22) Cleaning the air filter is es- sential to guarantee the efficiency and duration of the machine. Do not work with a damaged filter or without a filter, as this could permanently damage the engine. It must be cleaned after every 8-10 working hours. To clean the filter: – Release the tab (1) and remove the cover (2). – Unscrew the knob (2a), remove the filter ele- ment (3) and tap it gently to remove any dirt and clean it with a brush if necessary. – If it is completely clogged, separate the two parts (3a and 3b) with a screwdriver and wash them in clean petrol. If you are using compressed air, aim the jet so that it blows from the inside towards the outside. – Reassemble the filter element’s two parts push- ing on the edges until you hear a click. – Reassemble the filter element (3) and screw on the knob (2a). – Reassemble the cover (2) and fasten the tab (1). CHECKING THE SPARK PLUG (Fig. 23) The spark plug can be accessed by removing the air filter cover. Periodically remove and clean the spark plug using a metal brush to get rid of any deposits. Check and reset the correct distance between the electrodes. Replace the spark plug and fasten it firmly using the supplied wrench. IMPORTANT The spark plug must be replaced with one with the same characteristics whenever the electrodes have burnt or the insulation has worn, and in any case every 100 working hours.

TUNING THE CARBURETTOR

The carburettor is tuned by the manufacturer to achieve maximum performance in all situations, with a minimum emission of toxic gas in compli- ance with the regulations in force. When performance is poor, first check that the chain runs smoothly and the bar rails are not dis- torted, then contact your dealer to check the car- buretion and the engine.

• Tuning minimum speed The chain must not move when the engine is running idle. If the chain moves when the engine is running idle, con- tact your dealer to correctly regulate the en- gine.

SHARPENING THE CHAIN

To ensure that the chain- saw works safely and efficiently, it is essential that the cutting components are well-sharp- ened. Sharpening is necessary when:

• The sawdust looks like dust.

• Cutting becomes more difficult.

• The cut is not straight.

• Vibrations increase.

• Fuel consumption increases. If the chain is not suffi- ciently sharpened, the kick-back’s risk in- creases. A specialized centre will sharpen the chain using the right tools to ensure minimum removal of ma- terial and even sharpness on all the cutting edges. If you sharpen the chain yourself, use special round-section files with the right diameter de- pending on the type of chain (see “Chain Mainte- nance Table”). You need a certain amount of skill and experience to avoid damaging the cutting edges. WARNING! WARNING!

Sharpen the chain as follows (Fig. 24): – Switch off the engine, release the chain brake and secure the bar with the chain in a vice so that the chain can run smoothly. – Tighten the chain if it is loose. – Mount the file in the guide and then insert it in the tooth at a constant angle from the cutting edge. – Sharpen in a forward motion a few times and re- peat this on all the cutting edges facing the same way (right or left). – Turn the bar over in the vice and repeat on all the other cutting edges. – Check that the limiter tooth does not stick out fur- ther than the inspection instrument and file any projecting parts with a flat file, rounding off the edge. – After sharpening, remove all traces of filing and dust and lubricate the chain in an oil bath. Replace the chain whenever: – The length of the cutting edges reduces to 5 mm or less; – There is too much play between the links and the rivets. BAR MAINTENANCE (Fig. 25) To avoid asymmetrical wear on the bar, make sure it is turned over periodically. To keep the bar in perfect working order, proceed as follows: – grease the bearings on the nose sprocket (if present) with the syringe; – Clean the bar groove with the scraper (not in- cluded); – clean the lubrication holes; – with a flat file, remove burr from the edges and level off the guides. Replace the bar whenever: – the groove is not as deep as the height of the drive links (which must never touch the bottom); – the inside of the guide is worn enough to make the chain lean to one side. EXTRAORDINARY MAINTENANCE All maintenance operations not foreseen in this manual must be performed exclusively by your dealer. All and any operations performed in unauthorised centres or by unqualified persons will totally inval- idate the warranty. STORAGE After every work stint, clean the machine thor- oughly to remove all dust and debris, and repair or replace any faulty parts. The machine must be stored in a dry place away from the elements and with the bar cover correctly fitted. Chain maintenance table The specifications of the chain and the bar homologated for this machine are shown in the “EC Conformity Statement” provided. Do not use other types of chains or bars for safety reasons. The table gives the sharpening data for different types of chains, but this does not mean you can use different chains from the homologated one. WARNING! Chain pitch Limiter tooth level (a) File diameter (d) inches mm inches mm inches mm 3/8 Mini 9.32 0.018 0.45 5/32 4.0

If you are not going to use the machine for a period of more than 2-3 months, we recommend you do a few things before putting it away. This will make it easier when you want to use the machine again and will also prevent per- manent damage to the engine.

• Storage Before putting the machine away: – Unscrew the two nuts, remove the guard and re- move the chain and rod. – Empty the oil tank, fill with about 100-120 cc of specific liquid detergent and plug the cap. – Fit the guard back on without tightening the nuts. – Start the engine and keep it running until all de- tergent is used. – Start the engine and run it idle until it uses up all IMPORTANT the fuel that is left in the tank and the carburet- tor. – Remove the spark plug after the engine cools. – Pour a teaspoon of (new) 2-stroke engine oil into the spark plug slot. – Pull the starter grip several times to deliver oil to the cylinder. – Replace the spark plug with the piston in the dead end upper position (visible from the spark plug slot when the piston is at maximum stroke).

• Restarting work When you wish to start using the machine again: – Remove the spark plug. – Pull the starter rope a few times to eliminate ex- cess oil. – Check the spark plug as described in chapter “Checking the spark plug”. – Prepare the machine as indicated in the para- graph entitled “Preparing for work”.

1) The engine will not

start or will not keep running

2) The engine starts but

irregularly and lacks in power when revved

4) The engine gives off

an excessive amount of smoke

5) No oil is released

– Incorrect starting procedure – Dirty spark plug or incorrect distance between the electrodes – Air filter clogged – Antifreeze device is fitted incorrectly (excluding C 46 - XC 246 - C 50 - CP 45 - A 455 - MC 846 models) – Carburetion problems – Air filter clogged – Carburetion problems – Dirty spark plug or incorrect distance between the electrodes – Carburetion problems – Incorrect composition of the fuel mixture – Carburetion problems – Bad quality oil – Lubrication holes are clogged – Follow the instructions (see chapter 6) – Check the spark plug (see chapter 8) – Clean and/or replace the filter (see chapter 8) – Check the assembly position (see chapter 6) – Contact your dealer – Clean and/or replace the filter (see chapter 8) – Contact your dealer – Check the spark plug (see chapter 8) – Contact your dealer – Prepare the fuel mixture according to the instructions (see chap. 5) – Contact your dealer – Empty the tank, clean it and pipes with liquid detergent and change the oil – Clean

PROBLEM LIKELY CAUSE SOLUTION18 ACCESSORIES

The table contains a list of all possible combina- tions between bar and chain, indicating those which may be used on each machine, marked with the symbol “ ”. In consideration that the selection, application and usage of bar and WARNING! chain are actions made solely by the user, the latter assumes responsibility for damages of any kind due to such actions. When in doubt or if lacking knowledge of the specificity of each bar or chain, contact your retailer or spe- cialised gardening centre.

INNEHÅLLSFÖRTECKNING

8. VEDLIKEHOLD OG LAGRING

VEDLIKEHOLD OG LAGRING 15

NOFor å slipe kjedet (Fig. 24): – Slå av motoren, frigjør kjedebremsen og blokker sverdet godt med kjedet påmontert ved hjelp av en klemme, idet du forvisser deg om at kjedet fritt kan bevege seg. – Sett kjedet i spenning dersom det er slakt. – Sett filen i det dertil egnede sporet og før den deretter inn i tannens mellomrom med en kons- tant helning som svarer til skjæreelementets pro- fil. – Dra filen over kun få ganger, kun fremover, og gjenta operasjonen for samtlige skjære-ele- menter i samme retning (høyre eller venstre). – Sett sverdet motsatt vei i klemmen, og gjenta operasjoner på den gjenværende skjære-ele- mentene. – Kontroller at tannen som begrenser skjærehøy- den ikke stikker lenger ut enn måleinstrumentet, og slip ned det som eventuelt overstiger med en flat fil, idet du runder av profilen. – Etter slipingen, fjern ethvert spor av filspon og støv, og smør kjedet i oljebad. Kjedet må skiftes ut når: – Skjære-elementets lengde reduseres til 5 mm el- ler mindre; – leddenes dødgang på naglene er overdreven. VEDLIKEHOLD AV SVERDET (Fig. 25) For å unngå usymmetrisk slitasje på sverdet, er det en fordel å snu det med jevne mellomrom. For å holde sverdet i effektiv stand er det nødven- dig å: – Smøre med den dertil egnede sprøyten i cusci- netti til tannhjulet som sender kjedet videre (der- som slik finnes). – Rengjør sverdets spor med den dertil egnede skrapen (medfølger ikke). – Rengjøre smørehullene. – Med en flat fil, fjerne ujevnhetene fra sidene og utligne eventuelle nivåforskjeller mellom spo- rene. Sverdet må skiftes ut når: – sporets dybde viser seg å være mindre enn høy- den til leddene som drar kjedet (som aldri må be- røre bunnen); – den indre veggen i sporet er så slitt at kjedet bøyes til siden. SPESIELLE INNGREP Ethvert vedlikeholdsinngrep som ikke er beskrevet denne veiledningen, må kun utføres hos forhand- leren. Inngrep som utføres ved uegnede verksteder eller av ukvalifiserte personer, bringer enhver form for garanti til opphør. OPPBEVARING Rengjør maskinen godt for støv og skitt ved slutten av hver arbeidsøkt, og reparer eller skift ut defekte deler. Maskinen må oppbevares på et tørt sted, beskyt- tet mot vær og vind, med beskyttelsen korrekt mon- tert på sverdet.

16 VEDLIKEHOLD OG LAGRING

1. KONTROLY, KTERÉ JE TŘEBA PRO-