DVM030 - Multimeter VELLEMAN - Free user manual and instructions

USER MANUAL DVM030 VELLEMAN

CATIII 1000V

USER MANUAL 3

HANDLEIDING 20

MODE D'EMPLOI 38

MANUAL DEL USUARIO 56

To all residents of the European Union

Important environmental information about this product

This symbol on the device or the package indicates that disposal of the device after its lifecycle could harm the environment. Do not dispose of the unit (or batteries) as unsorted municipal waste; it should be taken to a specialized company for recycling. This device should be returned to your distributor or to a local recycling service. Respect the local environmental rules.

If in doubt, contact your local waste disposal authorities.

Thank you for choosing Velleman! Please read the manual thoroughly before bringing this device into service. If the device was damaged in transit, do not install or use it and contact your dealer.

2. Symbols

	AC (Alternating Current)
	DC (Direct Current)
	Both AC and DC
	Risk of Electric shock. A potentially hazardous voltage is possible.
	Caution: risk of danger, the manual must be consulted in all cases where this symbol is marked.Warning: a hazardous condition or action that may result in injury or deathCaution: condition or action that may result in damage to the meter or equipment under test
	Double insulation (class 2-protection)
	Earth
	Fuse
	Capacitor
	Diode

Continuity

3. General Guidelines

Refer to the Velleman ^® Service and Quality Warranty on the last pages of this manual.

This symbol indicates: Read instructions

Not reading the instructions and manual can lead to damage, injury or death.

This symbol indicates: Danger

A hazardous condition or action that may result in injury or death.

This symbol indicates: Risk of danger/damage

Risk of a hazardous condition or action that may result in damage, injury or death.

This symbol indicates: Attention; important information

Ignoring this information can lead to hazardous situations.

WARNING: To avoid electrical shock always disconnect the test leads prior to opening the housing. To prevent fire hazards, only use fuses with the same ratings as specified in this manual.

Remark: refer to the warning on the battery compartment.

Avoid cold, heat and large temperature fluctuations. When the unit is moved from a cold to a warm location, leave it switched off until it has reached room temperature. This to avoid condensation and measuring errors.

Protect this device from shocks and abuse. Avoid brute force when operating.

Pollution degree 2-device. For indoor use only. Keep this device away from rain, moisture, splashing and dripping liquids. Not for industrial use. Refer to §8 Pollution degree.

Keep the device away from children and unauthorised users.

Risk of electric shock during operation. Be very careful when measuring live circuits.

DVM030

	There are no user-serviceable parts inside the device. Refer to an authorized dealer for service and/or spare parts.
	This is an installation category CAT III measuring instrument. Refer to §7 Overvoltage/installation category.
	Read this addendum and the manual thoroughly. Familiarise yourself with the functions of the device before actually using it.
	All modifications of the device are forbidden for safety reasons. Damage caused by user modifications to the device is not covered by the warranty.
	Only use the device for its intended purpose. Using the device in an unauthorized way will void the warranty. Damage caused by disregard of certain guidelines in this manual is not covered by the warranty and the dealer will not accept responsibility for any ensuing defects or problems.

4. Maintenance

There are no user-serviceable parts inside the device. Refer to an authorized dealer for service and/or spare parts.

Before performing any maintenance activities, disconnect the test leads from the jacks.

For instructions on replacing battery or fuse, refer to §11 Battery and fuse replacement.

Do not apply abrasives or solvents to the meter. Use a damp cloth and mild detergent for cleaning purposes.

5. During Use

Risk of electric shock during operation. Be very careful when measuring live circuits.

• If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
• Never exceed the limit value for protection. This limit value is listed separately in the specifications for each range of measurement.
• Do not touch unused terminals when the meter is linked to a circuit which is being tested.
• Never use the meter with CAT III installations when measuring voltages that might exceed the safety margin of 1000 V above earth ground.

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• Set the range selector at its highest position if the intensity of the charge to be measured is unknown beforehand.
• Disconnect the test leads from the tested circuit before rotating the range selector in order to change functions.
• When carrying out measurements on a TV set or switching power circuits, always remember that the meter may be damaged by any high amplitude voltage pulses at test points.
• Always be careful when working with voltages above 60 VDC or 30 VAC rms. Keep your fingers behind the probe barriers at all times during measurement.
• Never perform resistance, diode or continuity measurements on live circuits. Make sure all capacitors in the circuit are depleted.

6. General Description

Refer to the illustration on page 2 of this manual:

1. Non-contact Voltage (NCV) induction position
2. LED indicator
3. Illuminated LCD Display
4. Function buttons
5. Rotaty switch
6. "A" jack
   Insert the red test lead in this connector in order to measure a max. current of 10 A.
7. "μA/mA" jack
   Insert the red test lead in this connector in order to measure a max. current of 500 mA.
8. "VΩ ➕ hFE + Hz" jack
   Insert the red (positive) test lead in this connector to measure voltage and resistance.
   Or insert the black test plug between "VΩ ➕ hFE ➕ Hz" jack and COM jack for capacitance or hFE measurements.
9. "COM" jack
   Insert the black (negative) test lead.

7. Overvoltage/Installation Category

DMMs are categorized depending on the risk and severity of transient overvoltage that might occur at the point of test. Transients are short-lived bursts of energy induced in a system, e.g. caused by lightning strike on a power line.

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The existing categories according EN 61010-1 are:

CAT I	A CAT I-rated meter is suitable for measurements on protected electronic circuits that are not directly connected to mains power, e.g. electronics circuits, control signals...
CAT II	A CAT II-rated meter is suitable for measurements in CAT I-environments and mono-phase appliances that are connected to the mains by means of a plug and circuits in a normal domestic environment, provided that the circuit is at least 10 m apart from a CAT III- or 20 m apart from a CAT IV-environment. E.g. household appliances, portable tools...
CAT III	A CAT III-rated meter is suitable for measurements in CAT I- and CAT II-environments, as well as for measurements on (fixed) mono-or poly-phased appliances which are at least 10 m apart from of a CAT IV-environment, and for measurements in or on distribution level equipment (fuse boxes, lighting circuits, electric ovens).
CAT IV	A CAT IV-rated meter is suitable for measuring in CAT I-, CAT II-and CAT III-environments as well as on the primary supply level. Note that for all measurements on equipment for which the supply cables run outdoors (either overhead or underground) a CAT IV meter must be used.

Warning:

This device was designed in accordance with EN 61010-1 installation category CAT III 1000 V. This implies that certain restrictions in use apply that are related to voltages and voltage peaks which can occur within the environment of use. Refer to the table above.

This device is only suitable for measurements up to 1000 V in CAT III

8. Pollution Degree

IEC 61010-1 specifies different types of pollution environments, for which different protective measures are necessary to ensure safety. Harsher environments require more protection, and the protection against the pollution which is to be found in a certain environment depends mainly on the insulation and the enclosure properties. The pollution degree rating of the DVM indicates in which environment the device may be used.

Pollution degree 1

No pollution or only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence. (only to be found in hermetically sealed enclosures)

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Pollution degree 2	Only nonconductive pollution occurs. Occasionally, temporary conductivity caused by condensation is to be expected. (home and office environments fall under this category)
Pollution degree 3	Conductive pollution occurs, or dry nonconductive pollution occurs that becomes conductive due to condensation that is to be expected.(industrial environments and environments exposed to outside air - but not in contact with precipitation)
Pollution degree 4	The pollution generates persistent conductivity caused by conductive dust or by rain or snow. (exposed outdoor environments and environments where high humidity levels or high concentrations of fine particles occur)

Warning: This device was designed in accordance with EN 61010-1 pollution degree 2. This implies that certain restrictions in use apply that are related to pollution which can occur within the environment of use. Refer to the table above.

This device is only suitable for measurements in Pollution degree class 2 environments.

9. Specifications

This device is not calibrated when purchased!

Regulations concerning environment of use:

Use this meter only for measurements in CAT I, CAT II and CAT III environments (see §7).

Use this meter only in a pollution degree 2 environment (see §8).

Ideal working conditions include:

• temperature: 18 °C to 28 °C
• relative humidity: max. 80 % RH
• altitude: max. 2000 m (6560 ft)

Auto power off: automatically power off about 15 minutes after meter switched on

Overload display: "OL"

Polarity display: negative "-"

Operating temperature: 0°C-40°C

Storage temperature: -10°C-60°C

Low battery indication:

test lead probe: CAT III 1000 V / CAT IV 600 V, L = 100 cm

Display Counts	4000 Counts
LCD Size (mm)	56 x 32
DC Voltage:	40mV / 400mV / 4V / 40V / 400V / 1000V
AC Voltage:	40mV / 400mV / 4V / 40V / 400V / 750V
DC Current:	400μA / 4mA / 40mA / 400mA /4A / 10A
AC Current:	400μA / 4mA / 40mA / 400mA /4A / 10A
Resistance:	400Ω / 4kΩ / 40kΩ / 400kΩ / 4MΩ / 40MΩ
Range Select	Auto Range
Continuity Check	Yes
Diode Test	Yes
Data Hold	Yes
Battery Test (1.5V/3V/9V)	No
Over Range Indication	Yes
LED/flash Light	No
Backlight	Yes
Auto Power Off	Yes
Unit Icon Display	Yes
Low Battery Indication	Yes
Overrange Protection	Yes
NCV Detection	Yes
Live Wire Detection	Yes
True RMS Measurement	Yes
Battery	9V (6F22) x 1
Product Size (mm)	200x92x60
Product Weight (g)	230
Safety Category	CATIII 1000V
IP rating	IP20
Fuses	ReplaceableF 0.50 A / 1000 V, 6.35 x 32 mm ceramicF 10A / 1000V, 6.35 x 32 mm ceramic

9.1 DC & AC VOLTAGE

Input impedance: 10MΩ Maximum input voltage: 1000V DC or 750V AC RMS Frequency range: 40Hz - 1000Hz, Display: TRUE RMS

Range	Resolution	DCV Accuracy	ACV Accuracy
40mV	10μV	±0.5%±5	±1.0%±20
400mV	100μV	±0.5%±5	±1.0%±5
4V	1mV	±0.8%±3	±0.8%±5
40V	10mV	±0.8%±3	±0.8%±5
400V	100mV	±0.8%±3	±0.8%±5

DVM030

1000V

1V

±1%±5

±1.0%±5

9.2 DC & AC CURRENT

Overload protection: fuse F500mA/1000V for mA range fuse F10A/1000V for 10A range

Frequency range: 40Hz - 1000Hz, Display: TRUE RMS

Range	Resolution	DCA Accuracy	ACA Accuracy
400uA	0.1μA	±1.0%±5	±1.2%±5
4000uA	1μA	±0.8%±5	±1.2%±5
40mA	10μA	±0.8%±5	±1.5%±5
400mA	100μA	±0.8%±5	±1.5%±5
4A	1mA	±1.0%±10	±1.8%±15
10A	10mA	±1.0%±10	±1.8%±15

Overload protection:

F 0.50 A / 1000 V, 6.35 x 32 mm

F 10A / 1000V, 6.35 x 32 mm

9.3 RESISTANCE

Do not conduct resistance measurements on live circuits

Range	Resolution	Accuracy
400Ω	0.1Ω	±0.8%±5
4kΩ	1Ω	±0.8%±5
40kΩ	10Ω	±0.8%±5
400kΩ	100Ω	±0.8%±5
4MΩ	1kΩ	±0.8%±5
40MΩ	10kΩ	±1.2%±15

Overload protection: 250 V DC or AC rms

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9.4 DIODE AND CONTINUITY

range

Do not conduct diode or continuity measurements on live circuits.

description

display reads the approximate forward voltage of the diode

built-in buzzer sounds if resistance < 30 Ω

9.5 FREQUENCY

Range	Resolution	Accuracy
10Hz	0.01Hz	±(0.5% reading + 2 digits)
100Hz	0.1Hz
1kHz	0.001kHz
10kHz	0.01kHz
100kHz	0.1kHz
1MHz	0.001MHz
10MHz	0.01MHz

Overload protection: 250 V DC or AC rms

9.6 CAPACITANCE

Range	Resolution	Accuracy
10nF	0.01nF	±(4.0% reading + 25 digits)
100nF	0.1nF	±(4.0% reading + 15 digits)
1μF	0.001μF
10μF	0.01μF
100μF	0.1μF
1mF	1μF	±(5.0% reading + 25 digits)
10mF	10μF
100mF	100μF

Overload protection: 250V DC or 250V AC RMS

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Note: It is normal once the small value of capacitance dose not return zero, deduct the readings during measurement for getting the accurate value.

9.7 TRANSISTOR

Range	Function
hFE	Display approx. hFE value 1~1000 of transistor under test, base current approx. 1mA.

10. Operation

10.1 DC + AC VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT

	Do not measure circuits that may contain voltages > 1000 VDC or > 750 VAC
	Use extreme caution when measuring voltages higher than 60 VDC or 30 VAC rms.Always place your fingers behind the protective edges of the test probes while measuring!

1. Insert the red test lead into ""VΩ ➕ hFE ++ Hz" jack" jack and insert black test lead into "COM" jack.
2. Set the rotary switch to the voltage position ( mV / V).
3. Touch the black test probe tip to the negative side of the circuit; touch the red test probe tip to the positive side of circuit.
4. Read the voltage in the LCD display. The polarity of red test lead connection will be indicated when making DC Voltage measurement.

Notes

• Set the rotary switch to higher range if not known the current range under test, and then lower down until the best accuracy.
• To avoid electrical shock and/or damage to the instrument, do not attempt to take any voltage measurement that might exceed 750VRMS.
• It is normal situation and no effect on measurement, once at mV or V range, even without input or connect with test lead, meter shows value in LCD.
  • An over-range is indicated by OL or -OL. Set to a higher range.

10.2 DC CURRENT MEASUREMENT

Do not measure circuits that may contain voltages > 1000 VDC or > 750 VAC

Use extreme caution when measuring voltages higher than 60 VDC or 30 VAC rms.

Always place your fingers behind the protective edges of the test probes while measuring!

1. Remove the power from the circuit under test and discharge the capacitors of the circuit.
2. Set the rotary switch to current measuring range.
3. Insert black test lead banana plug into the negative COM jack, for current measurement less than 400mA insert the red test lead banana plug into the /mA jack, for current measurement between 400mA to 10A, insert the red test lead banana plug into 10A jack.
4. Break the circuit under test, connect the black test lead to the more negative side of the break, and connect the red test lead to the more positive side of break.
5. Turn on the power of circuit under test and read the value in LCD display. If only display OL, which means the input over range and requested to select the higher range.
6. Turn off the power of circuit under test and discharge all capacitors, remove the test leads and recover the measured circuit.

Notes

• Set the rotary switch to higher range if not known the current range under test, and then lower down until the best accuracy.
• If display “OL” for over range, set the rotary switch to higher range.
• Indicates the max current is 500mA or 10A based on jacks the red test leads to be inserted, fuse will be blown out at over-range current.

10.3 RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT

Do not conduct resistance measurements on live circuits. Make sure all capacitors in the circuit are depleted.

1. Set the rotary switch to position, press "FUNC" button to indicate on the display.
2. Insert the black test lead banana plug into the negative COM jack, insert the red test lead banana plug into the positive V Ω jack.
3. Touch the test probe tips across the circuit or part under test. It is best to disconnect one side of the part under test so the rest of the circuit will not interfere with the resistance reading.

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4. Read the resistance in the LCD display

Notes

• If display "OL" for over range, set the rotary switch to higher range. For measuring over 40MΩ high resistance, the meter may take a few seconds to stabilize the readings.
• In the open circuit, the meter display "OL" to indicate no input.
• To avoid electric shock, disconnect power to the unit under test and discharge all capacitors before taking any resistance measurements.

10.4 DIODE AND CONTINUITY TEST

Do not conduct diode or continuity measurements on live circuits. Make sure all capacitors in the circuit are depleted.

1. Set the rotary switch to 01) position, press "FUNC" button to indicate
   on the display / press "FUNC" button to indicate on the display.
2. Insert the black test lead banana plug into the negative COM jack, insert the red test lead banana plug into the positive V Ω jack.
3. Place the red test lead on the anode of diode and black test lead on the cathode of diode, the meter will show the approx. forward voltage of diode, reverse voltage will indicate OL.
4. Touch the test probe tips to the circuit or wire you wish to check, the max. value of resistance under check will be showed in display, if the resistance is less than 30 , the audible signal will sound.

10.5 CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT

Do not conduct capacitance measurements on live circuits. Make sure all capacitors in the circuit are depleted.

1. Set the rotary switch to + position, press "FUNC" button to indicate nF on the display.
2. Insert the black test lead banana plug into the negative COM jack, insert the red test lead banana plug into the positive V Ω jack.
3. Touch the test leads to the capacitor to be tested and read the capacitance value in the display.

Notes

1. The test may take more time for large capacitors to charge, wait until the readings settle before ending the test.

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1. To improve the accuracy of measurement less than 10nF, subtract the residual capacitance of the meter and test leads.

10.6 FREQUENCY (DUTY CYCLE) MEASUREMENT

To avoid electric shock, do not apply more than 250V DC or 250V AC rms before taking frequency measurement.

1. Set the rotary switch to Hz/% position.
2. Insert the black test lead banana plug into the negative COM jack and the red test lead banana plug into the positive Hz jack
3. Touch the test lead tips to the circuit under test.
4. Read the frequency value in the LCD display.
5. Press the FUNC button to indicate "%"
6. Read the \% duty cycle in the LCD display.

10.7 TRANSISTOR hFE TEST

To avoid electric shock, do not apply more than 36VDC or 36V AC rms between hFE terminal and the COM terminal.

1. Set the rotary switch to hFE range
2. Connect the COM and "+" plug of the special multi-function socket to the COM and V Ω▶hFE Hz input jack.
3. Determine whether the transistor under test is NPN or PNP type and located the emitter, base and collector leads.
4. Insert leads to the transistor into proper holes of the special multifunction socket.
5. The meter will show the approx. hFE value in LCD display.

10.8 NCV (NON-CONTACT VOLTAGE) DETECTION

Due to external interference source, this function may cause wrong voltage detection, the detection result is for reference only.

1. Set the rotary switch to NCV position and LCD display EF, contact the top part of meter with the circuit under test, the indicating LED will flash and audible signal will sound, the signal strength showed in LCD display.

Notes

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1. The detection result is for reference, do not determine the voltage by NCV detection ONLY.
2. Detection may interfere by socket design, insulation thickness and other variable conditions.
3. The external interference sources, such as flashlight, motor, etc, may cause the wrong detection.

10.9 LINE (LIVE WIRE RECOGNITION) TEST

1. Set the rotary switch to LINE position, connect the black test lead to COM jack and red test lead to VΩ jack, hold the insulation part of black test lead and not put into circuit under measurement; contact the red test lead to live wire, the buzzer of meter will be activated and red LED will be flickered, when the red test lead connect the earth line, the buzzer does not sound and LED will not flicker.

Notes

1. When the circuit is in serious leakage (approx. over 15V), the red test lead even contact earth line, the buzzer of meter will be sounded and LED will be flickered.

10.10 MAX/MIN

1. Press the MAX/MIN button to activate the MAX/MIN recording mode, the display icon "MAX" will appear, the meter will display and hold the maximum reading and will update only when a new "max" occurs. This display icon "MIN" will appear, the meter will display and hold the minimum reading and will update only when a new "min" occurs.
2. To exit MAX/MIN mode press and hold MAX/MIN button for 2 seconds.

10.11 RELATIVE MODE

The relative measurement feature allows you to make measurements relative to a stored reference value. A reference voltage, current, etc. can be stored and measurements made in comparison to that value. The displayed value is the difference between the reference value and the measured value.

1. Press REL button to store the reading in the LCD display and the REL indicator will appear on the LCD display.
2. The LCD display will indicate the difference between the stored value and measured value
3. Press the REL button to exit the relative mode.

10.12 DISPLAY BACKLIGHT

Press the button for 1 or 2 seconds to turn on or off the display backlight function, the backlight will automatically turn off after 10 seconds.

10.13 HOLD FUNCTION

The hold function freezes the reading in the display, press the HOLD button momentarily to activate or to exit the hold function.

11. Battery and Fuse Replacement

	WARNING: To avoid electrical shock always disconnect the test leads prior to opening the housing. To prevent fire hazards, only use fuses with the same ratings as specified in this manual.Remark: refer to the warning on the battery compartment
	There are no user-serviceable parts inside the device.Refer to an authorized dealer for service and/or spare parts.
	Disconnect the test leads from the test points and remove the test leads from the measuring terminals before replacing the batteries or fuses.

• When" " is displayed, the battery should be replaced.
• Fuses rarely need replacement and blown fuses almost always result from human error.

To replace the battery:

• Switch off the instrument. Disconnect the test leads.
• Remove the screw at the back of the case and gently open the housing.
• Remove the old battery and insert a new one.
• Close the housing and fasten the screw.

Battery: 9V (6F22) x 1, make sure to respect the polarity

• Prior to fuse replacement, ensure that the multimeter is disconnected from external voltage supply and other connected instruments.
• Only use fuses as described in the technical data section! Using auxiliary fuses, in particular short-circuiting fuse holders is prohibited and can cause instrument destruction or serious bodily injury of operator.

To replace the fuses:

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DVM030

• Switch off the instrument. Disconnect the test leads.
• Remove the screw at the back of the case and gently open the housing.
• Remove the defective fuse and insert a new one.
• Close the housing and fasten the screw.

Fuses: F 0.50 A / 1000 V, 6.35 x 32 mm ceramic & F 10A / 1000V, 6.35 x 32 mm ceramic.

Make sure the meter is closed tight and put the protective edge back in place before using the meter.

12. Troubleshooting

If the device acts abnormal while measuring, this means that the internal fuse is defective.

Keep in mind that a low battery level could lead to incorrect measurements. Replace the battery on a regular basis.

(Tip: the reduced luminosity of the backlight/LCD display indicates a low battery level.)

Use this device with original accessories only. Velleman group nv cannot be held responsible in the event of damage or injury resulting from (incorrect) use of this device. For more info concerning this product and the latest version of this manual, please visit our website www.velleman.eu. The information in this manual is subject to change without prior notice.

© COPYRIGHT NOTICE

The copyright to this manual is owned by Velleman Group nv. All worldwide rights reserved. No part of this manual may be copied, reproduced, translated or reduced to any electronic medium or otherwise without the prior written consent of the copyright holder.

HANDLEIDING

1. Inleiding

10.3 WEERSTANDSMETING

9.1 TENSION C.C. ET C.A.

Gama	Resolução	Precisão DCV	Precisão ACV
40mV	10μV	±0.5%±5	±1.0%±20
400mV	100μV	±0.5%±5	±1.0%±5
4V	1mV	±0.8%±3	±0.8%±5
40V	10mV	±0.8%±3	±0.8%±5
400V	100mV	±0.8%±3	±0.8%±5
1000V	1V	±1%±5	±1.0%±5

9.2 CORRENTE DC E AC

Velleman® Service and Quality Warranty

Since its foundation in 1972, Velleman® acquired extensive experience in the electronics world and currently distributes its products in over 85 countries.

All our products fulfil strict quality requirements and legal stipulations in the EU. In order to ensure the quality, our products regularly go through an extra quality check, both by an internal quality department and by specialized external organisations. If, all precautionary measures notwithstanding, problems should occur, please make appeal to our warranty (see guarantee conditions).

General Warranty Conditions Concerning Consumer Products (for EU):

- All consumer products are subject to a 24-month warranty on production flaws and defective material as from the original date of purchase.

- Velleman® can decide to replace an article with an equivalent article, or to refund the retail value totally or partially when the complaint is valid and a free repair or replacement of the article is impossible, or if the expenses are out of proportion.

You will be delivered a replacing article or a refund at the value of 100% of the purchase price in case of a flaw occurred in the first year after the date of purchase and delivery, or a replacing article at 50% of the purchase price or a refund at the value of 50% of the retail value in case of a flaw occurred in the second year after the date of purchase and delivery.

• Not covered by warranty:

- all direct or indirect damage caused after delivery to the article (e.g. by oxidation, shocks, falls, dust, dirt, humidity...), and by the article, as well as its contents (e.g. data loss), compensation for loss of profits;

- consumable goods, parts or accessories that are subject to an aging process during normal use, such as batteries (rechargeable, non-rechargeable, built-in or replaceable), lamps, rubber parts, drive belts... (unlimited list);

- flaws resulting from fire, water damage, lightning, accident, natural disaster, etc....;

- flaws caused deliberately, negligently or resulting from improper handling, negligent maintenance, abusive use or use contrary to the manufacturer's instructions;

- damage caused by a commercial, professional or collective use of the article (the warranty validity will be reduced to six (6) months when the article is used professionally);

- damage resulting from an inappropriate packing and shipping of the article;

- all damage caused by modification, repair or alteration performed by a third party without written permission by Velleman®.

- Articles to be repaired must be delivered to your Velleman® dealer, solidly packed (preferably in the original packaging), and be completed with the original receipt of purchase and a clear flaw description.

- Hint: In order to save on cost and time, please reread the manual and check if the flaw is caused by obvious causes prior to presenting the article for repair. Note that returning a non-defective article can also involve handling costs.

- Repairs occurring after warranty expiration are subject to shipping costs.

- The above conditions are without prejudice to all commercial warranties.

The above enumeration is subject to modification according to the article (see article's manual).

NL