VCharge 100 Duo - Model making VOLTCRAFT - Free user manual and instructions

USER MANUAL VCharge 100 Duo VOLTCRAFT

Dear Customer, Thank you for making the excellent decision to purchase a Voltcraft

This name stands for above-average quality products in the areas of measuring, charg- ing and grid technology, characterised by technical competence, extraordinary performance and permanent innovation. Whether you are an ambitious hobby electronics or a professional user - a product of the Voltcraft

brand family will provide you with the best solution for even the most sophisticated of tasks. Special features: We offer the sophisticated technology and reliable quality of our Voltcraft

products at a near-unbeatable price/performance ratio. We lay the groundwork for long, good and successful cooperation. Enjoy your new Voltcraft

product! All company names and product names are trademarks of their respective owners. All rights reserved. If there are any technical questions, contact: International: www.conrad.com/contact United Kingdom: www.conrad-electronic.co.uk/contact

2. Explanation of Symbols

The lightning symbol is used if there is a danger to your health, e.g. from electric shock. The exclamation mark in a triangle indicates important notes in these operating in- structions that must be observed strictly. The "arrow" symbol indicates that special advice and notes on operation are provided.63

The charger is used to charge and discharge rechargeable batteries of the type NiMH/NiCd (1 - 15 cells), LiPo/LiIon/LiFe (1 - 6 cells) and lead acid batteries (1 - 10 cells, 2 V - 20 V). There are 2 outputs that are independent of each other (charge/discharge channels), the opera- tion of which takes place via a two-line lit LC display and four operating buttons each.

• Output#1: The charge current can be set between 0.1 A and 10.0 A (depending on the cell number/ rechargeable battery voltage). The maximum charging power is 100 W. The discharge current can be set between 0.1 A and 6.0 A (depending on the cell number/ rechargeable battery voltage). The maximum discharging power is 10 W.

• Output#2: The charge current can be set between 0.1 A and 5.0 A (depending on the cell number/ rechargeable battery voltage). The maximum charging power is 50 W. The discharge current can be set between 0.1 A and 2.0 A (depending on the cell number/ rechargeable battery voltage). The maximum discharging power is 5 W. The combined total charging capacity for channels 1+2 is 100 W. The charger also offers a connection for an external temperature sensor (not enclosed, can be ordered as an accessory) for rechargeable-battery monitoring at each output. For multiple-cell lithium rechargeable batteries, a balancer is integrated for each output (two matching external XH-adapters are enclosed for rechargeable batteries with 2 - 6 cells). The charger has an integrated mains unit to permit operation on mains voltage (100 - 240 V/AC, 50/60 Hz). The charger may, however, also be alternatively operated on a stabilised direct voltage of 11 - 18 V/DC (e.g. via an external vehicle lead battery or a suitable mains adapter). The safety notes and all other information in these operating instructions always have to be observed! Read the operating instructions carefully and attentively, and keep them for later reference. Only pass the product on to any third parties together with the operating instructions. Use other than that described above can lead to damage to the product and may involve ad- ditionalriskssuchas,forexample,shortcircuits,re,electricalshocketc.Theentireproduct mustnotbemodiedorconverted,andthecasingmustnotbeopened! This product complies with the statutory national and European requirements.64

4. Scope of Delivery

• 2xchargingcable(bananaplugtoT-plug)

• Operatinginstructions Current operating instructions Download the current operating instructions via the link www.conrad.com/downloads or scan the QR code displayed. Observe the instructions on the website.

Read the operating instructions attentively and particularly observe the safety notes. If the safety notes and the information in these operating instructions regarding proper handling are not observed, we assume no liability for any re- sulting injury/property damage. In such cases, the warranty/guarantee will also lapse. a) General Information

• Theunauthorizedconversionand/ormodicationoftheproductisinadmissiblefor safety and approval reasons (CE). Never dismantle the product!

• Maintenance,adjustmentsandrepairworkmayonlybecarriedoutbyaspecialist/a specialised workshop. The device contains no parts that require servicing or adjust- ing by you.

• Theproductisnotatoyandmustbekeptoutofthereachofchildren!Theproduct must only be set up, used or stored in places that are not accessible to children. The same applies for rechargeable batteries. Pay particular attention when children are present! Children may change the settings or short-circuit the rechargeable battery/ batteries,whichmayleadtoreorexplosion.Dangertolife!65

• Inschools,trainingcentres,hobbyandself-helpworkshops,theuseoftheproduct must be supervised by responsible trained personnel.

• Incommercialinstitutions,theaccidentpreventionregulationsoftheEmployer’s Liability Insurance Association for Electrical Systems and Operating Materials are to be observed.

• Donotleavepackagingmateriallyingaroundcarelessly.Itmightbecomeadanger- ous toy for children!

• Handletheproductwithcare;impacts,shockorfallevenfromlowheightswilldam- age it.

• Ifyouarenotsureaboutthecorrectoperationorifquestionsarisewhicharenot covered by the operating instructions, please do not hesitate to contact us or an- other specialist. b) Mains Cable/Mains Voltage

• Donotpullthemainsplugfromthemainssocketbypullingthecable.

• Ifthemainscableorchargeraredamaged,donottouchit.Dangertolife from electric shock! First switch off the mains voltage for the mains socket to which the mains cable is connected (switch off the corresponding circuit breaker or take out the fuse, then switch off the fault interrupter protection switch (FI circuit breaker) so that the mains socket is separated from the mains voltage on all poles). Only then unplug the mains unit from the mains socket. If the charger is damaged, stop operating it. Take it to a specialised workshop or dispose of it in an environmentally friendly way. If the mains cable is damaged, dispose of the damaged mains cable in an environ- mentally compatible way. Do not use it anymore. Replace it with a new mains cable ofthesamespecications.66 c) Location for Installation

• Thechargerisintendedfordryindooruseonly.Itmustnotbecomedamporwet. If the charger is operated via the mains cable, there is danger to life from electric shock in case of moisture/wetness on the charger/mains cable!

• Avoiddirectsunirradiation,strongheatorcold.Keepthechargerawayfromdust and dirt. The same applies to any rechargeable battery that may be connected.

• Donotplacethechargeronanyvaluablefurnituresurfaceswithoutusingasuitable protection. Otherwise, scratches, pressure points or discolourations are possible. The same applies to the rechargeable battery.

• Donotusethechargerinsideavehicle.

• Thechargermustonlybesetup,usedorstoredinplacesthatarenotaccessibleto children. Children may change the settings or short-circuit the rechargeable battery/ battery pack, which can lead to an explosion. Danger to life!

• Donotplaceany containerslledwithliquid,vasesorplants, on ornexttothe charger/mains cable. When these liquids get into the charger (or the plug connections of the mains cable), the charger will be destroyed and there is a most severe danger of potentially fatal electricshockorre. Ifthechargerisoperatedviathemainscable,rstswitchoffthemainsvoltagefor the mains socket to which the mains cable is connected (switch off the correspond- ing circuit breaker or take out the fuse, then switch off the fault interrupter protection67 switch (FI circuit breaker) so that the mains socket is separated from the mains voltage on all poles). Only then unplug the mains plug of the mains cable from the mains socket. If the charger is operated via the DC input (11 - 18 V/DC), disconnect the charger from the voltage/power supply. Then disconnect the connected rechargeable battery from the charger. Do not use the charger again - bring it to a specialist workshop. d) Operation

• Thechargermaybeoperatedeitherviathemainsvoltage(100-240V/AC,50/60 Hz) or via a stabilised direct voltage of 11 - 18 V/DC (e.g. via an external vehicle lead battery or a suitable mains adapter). Use only one of the two connection types, but never both at once. This may damage the charger.

• Donotwearanymetalorconductivematerials,suchasjewellery(necklaces,brace- lets, rings, etc.) while you are working with the charger or batteries. A short-circuit at the rechargeable battery or charging cable poses a danger of burns and explosion.

• Neverleavetheproductunattendedwhileoperating.Despiteaconsiderablenum- ber of protective circuits, it is impossible to exclude the possibility of malfunctions or problems during the charging process.

• Ensure that there is sufcient ventilation during operation. Never cover up the charger. Leave enough of a distance (at least 20 cm) between charger and other objects.Overheatingcausesadangerofre!

• Thechargermustonlybeusedtocharge(ordischarge)rechargeablebatteries of types NiMH, NiCd, LiIon/LiPo/LiFe and lead batteries. Never charge any other rechargeable battery types or non-rechargeable batteries. There is great danger of reorexplosion!

• Neveroperatethedeviceimmediatelyafteritwastakenfromacoldroomtoawarm room. The resulting condensation may lead to malfunctions or damage! Let the product reach room temperature before taking it into operation again. This may take several hours!

• Avoidoperationin direct proximityof strong magneticor electromagnetic elds, transmitter aerials or HF generators. This can affect the control electronics.

• Ifyouhavereasontobelieve thatthedevicecan nolongerbeoperated safely, disconnect it immediately and make sure it is not operated unintentionally. Disconnect the charger from the voltage/current supply. Do not use the product any more after this, but take it to a specialised workshop or dispose of it in an environ- mentally compatible manner. It can be assumed that operation without danger is no longer possible if the device has any visible damage, the device no longer works, after extended storage under unsuitableconditionsorafterdifculttransportconditions.

• Keeptheentireproductatadry,cool,cleansitethatisnotaccessibletochildren.69

6. Rechargeable Battery Notes

Although use of rechargeable batteries in everyday life is a matter of course today, there are many dangers and problems. In particular, with LiPo/LiIon/LiFe rechargeable batteries with their high energy content (in comparison with conventional NiCd or NiMH rechargeable batteries), variousregulationsmustbeobservedinordertoavoidthedangerofexplosionandre. For this reason, always ensure that you have read and understood the following information and safety information when handling rechargeable batteries. If the manufacturer of the rechargeable battery has provided any other information, read it carefully and observe it! a) General Information

• Rechargeablebatteriesarenotoys.Alwayskeepbatteries/rechargeablebatteries out of the reach of children.

• Donotleavebatteries/rechargeablebatterieslyingaroundopenly;thereisariskof them being swallowed by children or pets. If swallowed, consult a doctor immedi- ately!

• Rechargeablebatteriesmustnotbeshort-circuited,takenapartorthrownintore. Thereisariskofreandexplosion!

• Leakingordamagedbatteries/rechargeablebatteriescancausechemicalburnsto skin when touched without the use of adequate protective gloves.

• Neverrechargenormal(non-rechargeable)batteries.Thereisariskofreandex- plosion! Non-rechargeable batteries are meant to be used once only and must be disposed of properly when empty. Only charge rechargeable batteries intended for this purpose. Use a suitable battery charger.

• Rechargeablebatteriesmustnotgetdamporwet.

• Place the charger and battery on a non-ammable, heat-resistant surface (e.g. stonetiles).Maintainenoughdistancefromammableobjects.Leaveenoughdis- tance between the charger and the rechargeable battery - never place the recharge- able battery on the charger.

• Neverrechargeabatterydirectlyinthemodel.Alwaysremovetherechargeable battery from the model for recharging.

• Alwaysobservecorrectpolarity(plus/+andminus/-)whenconnectingtherecharge- able battery to your model or charger. Connecting the battery incorrectly will not onlydamagethemodelbutalsotherechargeablebattery.Thereisariskofreand explosion! This charger has a mechanism that protects against connecting the poles incor- rectly. Nonetheless, it is possible that an incorrectly connected battery may lead to damage in certain situations.

• Iftheproductisnottobeusedforanextendedperiodoftime(e.g.storage),dis- connect any connected rechargeable battery from the charger and disconnect the charger from the voltage/current supply. The charger has no mains switch. If you operate the charger via the mains cable, pull the mains plug from the socket when you no longer need the charger.

• Donotcharge/dischargeanybatterythatisstillhot(e.g.causedbyhighdischarg- ing current from the model). Allow the rechargeable battery to cool down to room temperature before attempting to charge or discharge it.

• Removetherechargeablebatteryfromthechargerwhenitisfullycharged.

• Rechargetherechargeablebatteriesaboutevery3months.Otherwise,so-called deep discharge may result, rendering the rechargeable batteries useless.

• Keeprechargeablebatteriesinasuitablelocation.Useasmokedetector inthe room.Theriskofre(ortheoccurrenceoftoxicsmoke)cannotbeexcluded.Spe- cial rechargeable batteries for the model construction area are subject to great stress (e.g. high charging and discharging currents, vibrations, etc.).71 b) Additional Information on Lithium Batteries Modern batteries with lithium technology do not only have a clearly higher capacity than NiMH or NiCd rechargeable battery packs but they also have a considerably lower weight. This makes this type of rechargeable battery very interesting for applica- tioninmodelconstruction;so-calledLiPobatteries(lithium-polymer)areoftenused here. Rechargeable lithium batteries require special care when charging/discharging, as well as during operation and handling. For this reason, we would like to provide you with some information in the sections below about the dangers and how you can avoid them, thus helping such batteries to maintain their performance for an extended period of time to come. Additionally observe chapter 6. a).

• Theoutershellofmanyrechargeablelithiumbatteriesisonlymadeofathickfoil and therefore very sensitive. Never destroy or damage the battery, never let the battery fall and do not pierce the batterywithanyobjects!Avoidanymechanicalstrainonthebattery;neverpullthe connectioncablesofthebattery!Thereisariskofreandexplosion! These guidelines must also be observed when the battery is inserted into the model or when it is removed from the model.

• Ensurethatthebatterydoesnotoverheatduringusage,recharging,discharging, transport or storage. Do not place the battery next to sources of heat (e.g. speed controller,motor),keepthebatteryawayfromdirectsunlight.Thereisariskofre and explosion if the battery overheats! The battery must never heat up to more than +60 °C (observe any additional infor- mation from the manufacturer!).

• Ifthebatteryisdamaged(e.g.afterthecrashofanaircraftorhelicoptermodel)or the exterior cover is soaked/has expanded, do not use the battery. Do not charge it anymore.Thereisariskofreandexplosion! Handle the battery with care, use suitable protective gloves. Dispose of the re- chargeable battery environmentally compatibly. Never keep such rechargeable batteries in an apartment or a house/garage any- more.Damagedorbloatedlithiumrechargeablebatteriesmaycatchresuddenly.72

• Onlyuseasuitablechargertochargelithiumbatteriesorusethecorrectcharging procedure.Duetoariskofreandexplosion,conventionalchargersforNiCd,NiMH and lead batteries must not be used! Always choose the right charging procedure depending on rechargeable battery.

• Whenchargingalithiumbatterywithmorethanonecell,alwaysuseaso-called balancer (one is already integrated into the supplied charger).

• Charge LiPo batteries with a max. charging current of 1C (if not indicated oth- erwise by the battery manufacturer!). This means that the charging current may not exceed the capacity value imprinted on the battery (e.g. battery capacity 1000 mAh, max. charging current 1000 mA = 1 A). With LiFe and LiIon batteries, you must observe the instructions of the battery manufacturer.

• Thedischargingcurrentmustnotexceedthevalueprintedonthebattery. For example, if a value of "20C" is printed on a LiPo battery, the max. discharging current is 20 times the battery's capacity (e.g. battery capacity 1000 mAh, max. discharging current 20C = 20 x 1000 mA = 20 A). Otherwise, the battery will overheat, causing deformation/bloating of the battery or explosionandre! The printed value (e.g "20C") does not generally refer to the constant current, but to the maximum current that the battery is capable of producing in the short-term. The constant current therefore should not be higher than one half of the given value.

• Observethattheindividualcellsofalithiumrechargeablebatterymustnotbedeep- discharged. A deep discharge of a lithium rechargeable battery will lead to perma- nent damage/destruction of the rechargeable battery. If the model does not provide protection against total discharge or possess a visual display indicating a low battery, remember to switch off the model in time.73

7. Usable Rechargeable Battery Types

Rechargeable battery type LiPo LiIon LiFe NiCd NiMH Pb Rated voltage (V/cell) 3.7 3.6 3.3 1.2 1.2 2.0 Max. charging voltage (V/cell) 4.2 4.1 3.6 1.5 1.5 2.46 Voltage for storage (V/cell) 3.8 3.7 3.3 - - - Charging current for quick charge <= 1C <= 1C <= 4C 1C - 2C 1C - 2C <= 0.4C Min. voltage after discharge (V/cell)

3.0 - 3.3 2.9 - 3.2 2.6 - 2.9 0.1 - 1.1 0.1 - 1.1 1.8

The voltages in the above table apply to a single cell. The max. charging and discharging currents are indicated with the capacity value "C". A charging current of 1C corresponds to the capacity value imprinted on the battery (e.g. indicated battery capacity 1000 mAh, max. charging current 1000 mA = 1 A). Also observe the correct voltage setting for multi-cell battery packs. For example, the individual cells in a two-cell battery pack may be switched in parallel or in series. If the maximum permissible charging current for the rechargeable battery is exceeded or a wrong cell number/voltage setting is chosen, there is a danger of destroying the rechargeablebattery.Therealsoisadangerofreandexplosionfromtherecharge- able battery! Further notes on the max. charging current and the cell number/voltage can be taken fromthedatasheetsorthelabelsoftherechargeablebatteries;thesedatatakeprec- edence over the information in the above table. Important!

• Neverchargebatterypacksmadeupofdifferentcells(orcellsfromdifferentmanu- facturers).

• Neverchargenon-rechargeablebatteries.

• Neverchargerechargeablebatteriesnotlistedintheabovetable.

• Neverchargerechargeablebatterieswithintegratedelectronics.

• Neverchargerechargeablebatteriesthatarestillconnectedtootherdevices(e.g. a speed controller).

• Neverchargeanydamagedorbloatedrechargeablebatteries.74

1 Output#1:LCdisplayandoperatingbuttons 2 Output#2:LCdisplayandoperatingbuttons 3 Illuminated, two-line LC display 4 Button "BATT. TYPE/STOP" for returning from a menu or stopping the charging process 5 "DEC" button for entering values (decreasing value), menu selection (backwards) and dis- playing various data while charging/discharging 6 "INC" button for entering values (increasing value), menu selection (forward) and displaying the voltage values of the individual cells when charging lithium batteries with a balancer connection 7 "START/ENTER"buttonforstarting/continuingthechargingprocessorconrminganad- justment/operating function 8 Output #1: Round sockets (4 mm) for rechargeable battery connection (red = plus/+, black = minus/-) 9 Output#1:ConnectionsocketforenclosedexternalXH-adapter 10 Output#1:Socketforexternaltemperaturesensor(notenclosed,canbeorderedsepa- rately) 11 Output#2:Socketforexternaltemperaturesensor(notenclosed,canbeorderedsepa- rately) 12 Output#2:ConnectionsocketforenclosedexternalXH-adapter 13 Output#2:Roundsockets(4mm)forrechargeablebatteryconnection(red=plus/+,black = minus/-) 14 Direct voltage input (11 - 18 V/DC, stabilised), e.g. to connect to an external vehicle lead battery 15 Low-voltage device socket for connecting the charger to the mains voltage Either operate the charger via the mains voltage connection (1) or the direct voltage input (9). Never use both inputs at the same time. This may damage the charger. 16 Output#1:Micro-USBsocketforPCconnection 17 Output#2:Micro-USBsocketforPCconnection 18 USB voltage/current output (5 V/DC, max. 2.1 A), e.g. to charge a mobile phone or tablet computer 19 Fan (starts up automatically on demand depending on the charge/discharge program)76

a) Connection to a Voltage/Current Supply Attention! Alwaysconnectthechargertothevoltage/currentsupplyrst;onlythenmustare- chargeable battery be connected to the charger. The charger offers two different options for operation.

• Operationviathemainsvoltage(100-240V/AC,50/60Hz)

• Operationviastabiliseddirectvoltage(11-18V/DC,e.g.viaanexternalvehicleleadbattery or a mains adapter) Never use both operating modes at the same time. This may damage the charger. Loss of guarantee/warranty! If the charger is to be operated via the direct voltage input, the power supply must be chosen accordingly strong, e.g. a suitable 12 V car lead battery. Ifthechargerisnottobeoperatedona12Vcarleadbatterybutviaaxedvoltage mains adapter, this must be able to supply a correspondingly high current (we recom- mend a mains adapter with at least 14 A when fully using the maximum charging capacity). Since the charger has its own mains adapter integrated, however, operation via a separatexedvoltagemainsadaptermakesnosenseandshouldbeavoided! When using the direct current input, observe the correct polarity when connecting (plus/+ and minus/-). The charger will switch on automatically after connecting to the voltage/current supply. The two displays of outputs #1and#2lightup;thestartmessageappears(seegure on the right) and the charger emits two brief signals. The charger is now ready for operation. VOLTCRAFT 100 DUO77 b) Connection of a Rechargeable Battery to the Charger Please observe the following points before connecting or charging/recharging the battery:

• Ifyouhavenotdonesoalready,pleasereadchapters5,6and7completelyand ensure that you have understood the information there.

• Doyouknowalloftheinformationyouneedtoknowaboutyourrechargeablebat- tery? Unknown or unlabelled batteries, the necessary values of which you do not know, must not be connected/charged/discharged!

• Haveyouselectedthecorrectvoltage(e.g.formultiple-cellLiPobatteries)?Atwo- cell LiPo battery may be switched in parallel (3.7 V) or series (7.4 V).

• Areallconnectorcablesandplugsundamaged,dotheplugsstayrmlyinthesock- ets? Worn plugs and damaged cables should be replaced.

• Connectonlyonerechargeablebatteryorasinglebatterypacktothechargerout- put, but never several at once.

• Whenconnectingarechargeablebatterytothecharger,alwaysconnectthecharg- ingcabletothechargerrst.Onlythenmustthechargingcablebeconnectedtothe rechargeablebattery.Whendisconnecting,proceedinreverseorder(rstdiscon- nect the rechargeable battery from the charging cable, then the charging cable from the charger). Failuretodosopresentsthedangerofashortcircuit.Thiscanresultinareor explosion of the rechargeable batteries!

• Ifyouwishtochargebatterypacksthatyouhavemanufacturedyourself,thecells must be identical in their construction (same type, same capacity, same manufac- turer). The cells must also be charged to the same level (lithium batteries can be balanced out using the balancer. This is, however, not possible with other battery packs such as NiMH or NiCd).

• Beforeconnectingarechargeablebattery/batterypacktothecharger,disconnectit completely,e.g.fromaightorspeedcontroller.78 Important when charging/discharging a multiple-cell lithium rechargeable battery with balancer connection: Multi-cell lithium batteries usually always have a balancer connection. This permits the charger to monitor the voltage of every single cell separately at all times. The charger adjusts the voltage of all cells to each other if there are deviations. The balancer preventsthatoneorseveralcellsareover-chargedorothercellsnotsufcientlyfullycharged bythis.Thebalancerthereforeprotectsbothfromover-charging(whichmaycausereorex- plosion) and from deep discharge of a single cell, and thus ensures best performance of the rechargeable battery in your model. Procedure when connecting a rechargeable battery to the charger:

1. Connect the charger to the voltage/current supply.

3. If you want to connect a multiple-cell lithium rechargeable battery with balancer cable to the

charger, plug the enclosed balancer board into the charger using the corresponding socket chargers(foroutput#1or#2).

4. Connect the charging cable to the rechargeable battery now. Ensure correct polarity (red

cable = plus/+, black cable = minus/-).

5. Connect the balancer plug of a multiple-cell lithium rechargeable battery to the cor-

responding connection of the XH adapter. Do not use any force for plugging in! Ensure correct polarity. The minus connection of the balancer plug of the rechargeable battery should usually be marked(e.g.blackcable);theminuspoleismarkedonthebalancerboardaswell(print"-"). If the balancer plug of the rechargeable battery does not match the shape of the socket on the XH adapter (it is intended for XH plugs), you need to use a suitable connection cable. It is available in accessory trade.79 Example for charging two lithium rechargeable batteries with balancer plug: Proceed in the following steps when disconnecting a rechargeable battery:

1. If a multiple-cell lithium rechargeable battery is connected to the balancer board with the

balancercable,disconnectthecablefromthebalancerboardrst.

2. Disconnect the charging cable from the rechargeable battery.

3. Last disconnect the charging cable from the charger.

Always proceed in this order! The rechargeable battery must always be disconnected from the charging cable (and fromthebalancerconnectionforlithiumrechargeablebatteries)rst.Onlythenmust the charging cable be disconnected from the charger. Any other order poses danger of short circuit by the two round plugs of the charging cableconnectedtotherechargeablebattery,aswellasdangerofreandexplosion!

4. If no rechargeable battery is connected to the charger anymore, you can disconnect the

charger from the voltage/current supply.80 c) General Information on Operation of the Menus For an overview of the menu structure, see the next chapter. Thetwooutputs#1and#2ofthechargerareindependentofeachother. Operation of the two outputs (charge/discharge channels) takes place via a lit LC display each and four buttons to its right.

• Usingthebuttons"INC"and"DEC",thevariouscongurationoptionsareselected.

• Tomodifyavalueorsetting,pushthe"START/ENTER"button;thedisplaythenashes.• Modifythevalueashinginthedisplayusingthe"INC"and"DEC"buttons.Forquickadjust- ment of a value (e.g. the charging current), keep the respective button pushed for a longer time.

• Savethe(modied)valuewiththe"START/ENTER"button. Various information is indicated on the display during a charge/discharge process by repeatedly pressing the button "DEC" (see chapter 20). If you do not push any button for a few seconds, the charger will return to the normal display. If a lithium rechargeable battery with balancer plug is connected to the charger, you can switch to the display of the individual cell voltages during charging/discharging by pushingthebutton"INC".Brieypushthebutton"START/ENTER"forthechargerto return to the normal display.81

a) General Information The rechargeable battery programmes for LiPo, LiIon and LiFe rechargeable batteries generally differ only in the voltages and the permitted charging current, see table in chapter 7. When charging a lithium battery, there are two different phases. First, the rechargeable battery is charged with a consistent current. When the rechargeable battery reaches its maximum volt- age (at a LiPo rechargeable battery, e.g., 4.2 V), charging continues at constant voltage (the charging current drops). When the charging current drops below a certain threshold, charging is ended and the rechargeable battery is fully charged. If the rechargeable battery has a balancer connection (usually this is the case in al- most every lithium battery with more than one cell), the balancer connection must be connected to the charger as well as the rechargeable battery's cable for charging/ discharging. There are different types of balancer plug. Therefore, do not apply any force when theplugdoesnottinthecharger!Thematchingadaptersforthebalancerplugsare available as accessories. There are also rare rechargeable batteries with more than one cell where the cell con- nections are separately routed out and that strictly speaking are not a "multiple-cell battery pack". Therefore, always observe the information of the rechargeable battery manufacturer on the build and rated voltage. When using a balancer (integrated in the charger), all cells of a multi-cell battery pack have the same voltage after the charge process, which prevents the overcharging of individualcells(dangerofreandexplosion)oradeepdischargeofoneofthecells (damage to the rechargeable battery). The charging current to be set depends on the battery capacity and build (see chapter 7). Always observe the battery manufacturer's instructions. The charger must be in the main menu. Select the rechargeable battery type matching the re- chargeable battery used with the button "INC" or "DEC" (LiPo,LiIonorLiFe),seeguresontheright. Conrmtheselectionbypressingthe"START/ENTER" button. PROGRAM SELECT LiIo BATT PROGRAM SELECT LiFe BATT PROGRAM SELECT LiPo BATT83 Then use the button "INC" or "DEC" to select the different rechargeable battery programmes:

• "FASTCHG":Quickchargeforlithiumrechargeablebattery

• "STORAGE":Charging/dischargingbatteriesatasetvoltagevalue(e.g.forstorage)

• "DISCHARGE":Dischargingtherechargeablebattery b) Charging Rechargeable Batteries without Balancer Connection ("CHARGE") Of course, you can also charge multiple-cell lithium rechargeable batteries with a bal- ancer connection with the rechargeable battery programme "CHARGE". However, the individual cell voltages are not reconciled here, so that one or several cellsmaybeovercharged.Thereisariskofreandexplosion! Therefore, always charge multiple-cell lithium rechargeable batteries with balancer connection with the rechargeable battery programme "BALANCE", but never with the rechargeable battery programme "CHARGE"!

• Selecttherechargeablebatteryprogramme"CHARGE" with the button "INC" or "DEC". The previously selected rechargeable battery type is written in the upper left. The value at the lower left indicates the currently set charging current ("2.0A"), the lower right shows the rechargeable battery nominal voltage ("11.1V") and the associated cell number ("3S" = 3cell rechargeable battery). Usethebutton"INC"or"DEC"toselectadifferentrechargeablebatteryprogramme; use the button "BATT. TYPE/STOP" to return to the main menu.

• Ifthevaluesneedtobechanged,pushthe"START/ENTER"button. Thechargingcurrentatthelowerleftofthedisplayashes.Changethechargingcurrentusing the button "INC" or "DEC". Keep the respective button pressed for quick adjustment. The maximum possible charging current depends on the battery type and number of cells.Themax.chargingcapacityforoutput#1is100W;50Wareavailableforoutput #2.Thecombinedchargingcapacity(output#1+#2)ismax.100W.

• Conrmthechargingcurrentwiththe"START/ENTER"button. LiPo CHARGE 2.0A 11.1V(3S)84 Thenumberofcellsatthelowerrightofthedisplayisashing.Setthenumberofthecellswith the buttons "INC" and "DEC". Keep the respective button pressed for quick adjustment. The associated rechargeable battery nominal voltage is automatically calculated and displayed to the left of the cell number. Conrmthenumberofthecellsbypressingthe"START/ENTER"button.

• Whennodisplayisashinganymore,startchargingbykeepingthe"START/ENTER"button pushed (approx. 3 seconds).

• Thechargernowexamines the connected recharge- able battery. In case of an error, a warning signal is output and the corresponding information is displayed. You can stop the warning signal by pressing the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. You then return to the previous congurationmenu. If no error is found, e.g. the display shown on the right will appear. The "R" value indicates the cell number that the charg- er has recognised (in the example a 3-cell recharge- able battery). The "S" value indicates the cell number that you have set in the menu (in the example also a 3-cell recharge- able battery). If these two numbers do not match, please check the settings on the charger and the battery itself. It may be that the rechargeable battery has been completely discharged, or a cell may be faulty. In this case, the battery should not be charged, as there is a riskofreandexplosion! Youcanreturntotheprevious congurationmenu usingthe "BATT.TYPE/STOP" button.

• Ifthetwocellnumbersmatch,brieypushthe"START/ENTER"button.

• Chargingprocessstarts.Thedisplaywillshowvarious information on the current charging progress. Example: At the upper left, the rechargeable battery type and the cell number are displayed (e.g. "LP3s" =LiPorechargeablebatterywith3cells);thechargingcurrentisshownintheuppermiddle and the current rechargeable battery voltage at the upper right. The lower left shows the current rechargeable battery programme ("CHG" = "CHARGE"), in the middle the elapsed charging time and the charged capacity in mAh are displayed to the right of this. BATTERY CHECK WAIT...

CONFIRM(ENTER) LP3s 1.2A 12.32V CHG 022:43 0068285 Various information is indicated on the display during a charge/discharge process by repeatedly pressing the button "DEC" (see chapter 20). If you do not push any button for a few seconds, the charger will return to the normal display.

• Aftercompletionofcharging,anaudiosignalisemitted(ifithasnotbeenturnedoff). If you wish to cancel the charging process, push the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. c) Charging Rechargeable Batteries with Balancer Connection ("BALANCE") In contrast to the simple rechargeable battery programme "CHARGE" (see chapter 11. b), the rechargeable battery programme "BALANCE" motors the voltage of every sin- gle cell of a multiple-cell lithium rechargeable battery and corrects it accordingly if there are any deviations. Besides the two normal rechargeable battery connections (plus/+ and minus/-), the balancer connector for the battery must also be connected to the charger. Observe correct polarity when connecting the balancer plug of the rechargeable battery to the charger. Usually, the minus pole of the balancer connection is applied with a black cable or is specicallymarked.Thissideofthebalancerplugmustpointinthedirection"-"ofthecharger's balancer socket and of course also be pushed onto this connection pin. If you use self-customised rechargeable batteries, the balancer plug must be correctly assigned. Theblack/markedcableistheminuspoleoftherstcell.Thenextconnectionpinis thepluspoleoftherstcell;therespectivenextconnectionpinisthepluspoleofthe second,third,fourth,fthandsixthcell(dependingoncellnumber). The last connection pin of the balancer plug of the rechargeable battery therefore is the plus pole of the last cell. Therefore, the same voltage can be measured between the two outer pins of the balancer plug as at the two rechargeable battery connections directly. The remaining procedure for charging is described in chapter 11. b). If a lithium rechargeable battery with balancer plug is con- nected to the charger, you can switch to the display of the individual cell voltages by pushing the button "INC", see gureontheright. Brieypushthebutton"START/ENTER"forthechargertoreturntothenormaldisplay. LiPo BALANCE 2.0A 7.4V(2S)

Important! Only a battery pack with exactly the same voltage for each cell provides the maximum performance and service life for a model airplane/vehicle. Variations in the quality of the materials used and the internal structure of multiple-cell lithium battery packs mean that the cells may have different voltages once discharged. Charging such a rechargeable lithium battery without balancer will quickly cause large differences of cell voltage. This not only shortens the operating life (as one cell may have a very low voltage), but also damages the rechargeable battery as a result of a total discharge. When charging a rechargeable lithium battery with different cell voltages without a balancer, there is the risk of overcharging one cell. Example: A dual-cell LiPo battery pack charged without the use of a balancer appears to have a voltage of 8.4 V and thus appears to be fully charged. The individual cells, however, have a voltage of

4.5 V and 3.9 V (one cell is dangerously overcharged, the other half discharged).

A celloverchargedinthis waymay leak,expand or, ina worstcase scenario,catch reor explode! WhenthisLiPorechargeablebatteryis,e.g.,usedinamodelairplane,theighttimewillbevery short because the voltage of the half-discharged cell will break down quickly and the recharge- able battery will stop supplying power. If your lithium rechargeable battery has a balancer connection, it must always be connected to the charger via the enclosed XH adapter in addition to the two regular re- chargeablebatteryconnections(plus/+andminus/-);alwaysusethechargeprogram "BALANCE" then, rather than the charge program "CHARGE". If the balancer plug of the rechargeable battery does not match the shape of the socket on the XH adapter (it is intended for XH plugs), you need to use a suitable connection cable. It is available in accessory trade.87 d) Fast Charge ("FAST CHG") When charging a lithium rechargeable battery, the charging current reduces continually due to the charging method used, the fuller the rechargeable battery becomes (when the rechargeable battery has reached its maximum charging current and the charger switches from continuous current to continuous voltage charging). This will, of course, also extend the charging time. Quick charging reaches a higher charging current. However, this reduces the capacity, because the charge process is terminated earlier due to the safety cut-off in the charger. This means, a LiPo battery, for example, cannot be fully charged using the fast charge function. Only approx. 90% of the capacity achievable with the normal charge process is available. Therefore, fast charging is only wise if the battery has to be used again as quickly as possible. The procedure when setting the charging current and voltage/cell number must be performed as fortherechargeablebatteryprogramme"CHARGE";seechapter11.b). e) Storing Rechargeable Batteries ("STORAGE") This rechargeable battery programme can be used if you want to store the rechargeable battery for an extended period. Depending on the rechargeable battery type set, the rechargeable bat- teryischargedordischargedtoaspecicvoltage. Depending on the cell voltage, the battery is either charged or discharged. Of course, with a multi-cell battery pack, this is only wise if a balancer connection is available and connected to the charger. Atextendedstorageofalithiumrechargeablebattery(e.g.whenstoringaightbat- tery over winter), the rechargeable battery should in any case be checked every 3 months and treated with the rechargeable battery programme "STORAGE" again to prevent harmful deep discharge. The procedure when setting the charging current and voltage/cell number must be performed as fortherechargeablebatteryprogramme"CHARGE";seechapter11.b).88 f) Discharging Rechargeable Batteries ("DISCHARGE") Normally, it is not necessary to discharge lithium batteries (contrary to NiCd batteries) before charging. The battery can be charged immediately, independent of its current status. If you want to discharge a rechargeable lithium battery anyway, you can set the discharge current. The maximum possible discharging current depends on the battery type and number ofcells.Themax.dischargingcapacityforoutput#1is10W;5Wareavailablefor output#2.Thislimitsthemax.possibledischargingcurrentinrechargeablebatteries with multiple cells. Discharge a lithium rechargeable battery only to the minimum permitted discharge end voltage per cell (see table in chapter 7 or observe information of the rechargeable battery manufacturer). If the rechargeable battery is discharged any further, this deep discharge will permanently damage it and render it useless! The procedure when setting the discharging current and voltage/cell number must be performed the same as when charging, see chapter 11. b), except that the rechargeable battery is not charged, but discharged after starting the rechargeable battery programme.89 PROGRAM SELECT NiMH BATT PROGRAM SELECT NiCD BATT NiMH CHARGE CURRENT 2.0A

12. NiMH and NiCd Rechargeable Batteries

a) General Information The rechargeable battery programmes for NiMH and NiCd rechargeable batteries generally dif- fer only in the internally used charging procedures. The settings in the menus are the same. The charger must be in the main menu. Select the rechargeable battery type matching the re- chargeable battery used here with the button "INC" or "DEC",seeguresontheright. Conrmtheselectionbypressingthe"START/ENTER" button. Then use the button "INC" or "DEC" to select the different rechargeable battery programmes:

• "CHARGE":Chargerechargeablebattery

• "AutoCHARGE":Selectthechargecurrentaccording to the rechargeable battery

• "CYCLE":Performmultipledischarge/chargecycles You can return to the main menu using the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. b) Charging Rechargeable Batteries ("CHARGE") The charging current to be set depends on the rechargeable battery's capacity and is usually 1C (also see chapter 7). High-quality rechargeable batteries also can stand a charging current up to 2C. However, you should always observe the battery manufacturer's instructions. The value "1C" means that the charging current is equivalent to the battery's capacity. A charging current of 3 A therefore is required for a 3000 mAh-NiMH battery at 1C. A value of 0.5C means that the charging current corresponds to half the capacity value. At a NiMH rechargeable battery with a capacity of 3000 mAh, 0.5C means that a charging current of 1.5 A must be set. In general: The smaller the rechargeable battery (the individual cell), the lower the maximum charging current.90 NiMH 1.2A 7.63V CHG 022:43 00682 BATTERY CHECK

For example, conventional NiMH-mignon/AA-cells with a capacity of 2000 mAh permit a charging current of 1C (this corresponds to a charging current of 2 A). For quick charging of such cells (contained, e.g., in receiver batteries), never set more than 0.5C. Charge a NiMH or NiCd battery as follows:

• Selecttherechargeablebatteryprogramme"CHARGE" with the button "INC" or "DEC". The value at the lower right represents the currently set charging current. Usethebutton"INC"or"DEC"toselectadifferentrechargeablebatteryprogramme; use the button "BATT. TYPE/STOP" to return to the main menu.

• Ifthevalueforthechargingcurrentmustbechanged,pushthe"START/ENTER"button.The chargingcurrentashes.Changethechargingcurrentusingthebutton"INC"or"DEC".Keep the respective button pressed for quick adjustment. The maximum possible charging current depends on the battery type and number of cells.Themax.chargingcapacityforoutput#1is100W;50Wareavailableforoutput #2.Thecombinedchargingcapacity(output#1+#2)ismax.100W. Conrmthesetchargingcurrentwiththe"START/ENTER"button.

• Whennodisplayisashinganymore,startchargingbykeepingthe"START/ENTER"button pushed (approx. 3 seconds).

• Thechargernowexamines the connected recharge- able battery. In case of an error, a warning signal is output and the corresponding information is displayed. You can stop the warning signal by pressing the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. You then return to the previous congurationmenu. If no error is found, e.g. the display shown on the right will appear. The rechargeable battery type is shown in the upper left ("NiMH" = NiMH rechargeable bat- tery), the upper middle shows the charging current and the upper right the current recharge- able battery voltage. The lower left shows the current rechargeable battery programme ("CHG" = "CHARGE"), in the middle the elapsed charging time and the charged capacity in mAh are displayed to the right of this. NiMH CHARGE CURRENT 2.0A91 NiMH Auto CHARGE CURRENT 5.0A NiMH RE-PEAK

• Aftercompletionofcharging,anaudiosignalisemitted(ifithasnotbeenturnedoff). If you wish to cancel the charging process, push the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. c) Automatic Charge Mode ("Auto CHARGE") In automatic charge mode, the charger checks the condi- tion of the connected rechargeable battery (e.g. the inner resistance) and calculates the charging current from this. You need to set an upper limit for the charging current so that the rechargeable battery is not damaged by a too- high charging current. Depending on the rechargeable battery and its inner resistance, shorter charging times may be achieved in the rechargeable battery programme "Auto CHARGE" than in the rechargeable battery programme "CHARGE" (chapter 12. b). Proceed as in the rechargeable battery programme "CHARGE" for setting and opera- tion (chapter 12. b). The only difference is that you do not set the actual charging current, but the limit for the maximum charging current that the charger must not exceed for reasons of safety. d) Recharge Rechargeable Battery Again ("RE-PEAK") The charger automatically ends charging of NiMH and NiCd rechargeable batteries when the rechargeable battery is fully charged. Recognition of when the rechargeable battery is fully charged is according to the delta-U procedure. The rechargeable battery programme "RE-PEAK" performs this recognition again. This way, you can not only ensure that the rechargeable battery is truly fully charged, you can also check how well the rechargeable battery can take quick charging. First, charge the rechargeable battery completely (see chapter 12. b) or chapter 12. c)). Then start the rechargeable battery programme "RE-PEAK". Proceed as follows:

• Settherechargeablebatterytypeasdescribedinchap- ter 12. a) (NiMH or NiCd) and select the rechargeable battery programme "RE-PEAK". The value in the lower right means the number of the recognition processes. Use the buttons "INC" and "DEC" to select a different rechargeable battery pro- gramme;usethebutton"BATT.TYPE/STOP"toreturntothemainmenu.92

• When the number of recognition processes for the delta-U charging procedure is to be changed,brieypushthebutton"START/ENTER".Thenumberashes.

• Start the rechargeable battery programme "RE-PEAK" by pushing the button "START/ ENTER" for 3 seconds. If the settings are wrong, or if the charger detects a problem, a warning signal is emit- ted and the appropriate information is shown in the display. You can stop the warning signal by pressing the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. The charger then returns to the previouscongurationmenu. The display shows, e.g., the following data while charging: The rechargeable battery type is shown in the upper left ("NiMH" = NiMH rechargeable battery), the upper middle shows the charging current and the upper right the current rechargeable battery voltage. The lower left shows the current rechargeable battery programme ("RPC" = "RE-PEAK"), the middle the elapsed charging time and the charged capacity in mAh is displayed to the right of this.

e) Discharging Rechargeable Batteries ("DISCHARGE") This rechargeable battery program can be used to put partially charged NiMH-/NiCd recharge- ablebatteriesintoadenedstartingconditionortoperformameasurementoftherechargeable battery capacity. SpecicallyNiCdrechargeablebatteriesshouldnotberechargedfromapartiallydischarged condition, since the capacity may reduce by this (memory effect). The maximum possible discharging current depends on the battery type and number ofcells.Themax.dischargingcapacityforoutput#1is10W;5Wareavailablefor output#2.Thislimitsthemax.possibledischargingcurrentinrechargeablebatteries with multiple cells. Discharge a NiMH or NiCd battery as follows:

• Settherechargeablebatterytypeasdescribedinchap- ter 12. a) (NiMH or NiCd) and select the rechargeable battery programme "DISCHARGE". The set rechargeable battery type (NiMH or NiCd) is shown in the upper left of the display, and the rechargeable battery programme next to it. Thevalueinthelowerleftindicatesthecurrentlysetdischargingcurrent;thevalueonthe lower right represents the deactivation voltage at the end of the discharge process. Use the buttons "INC" and "DEC" to select a different rechargeable battery pro- gramme;usethebutton"BATT.TYPE/STOP"toreturntothemainmenu.

• Tochangethevalueforthedischargingcurrentandthedeactivationvoltage,brieypushthe "START/ENTER"button.Thedischargingcurrentashes.

• Setthedischargingcurrentwiththebuttons"INC"and"DEC".Keeptherespectivebutton pressed for quick adjustment.

• Brieypushthe"START/ENTER"button;thedeactivationvoltageashes.

• Setthedeactivationvoltagewiththebuttons"INC"and"DEC".Keeptherespectivebutton pressed for quick adjustment.

• Brieypushthe"START/ENTER"buttontoconrmthesetting. Proceed as described above to change the discharging current or the discharging voltage again if desired.

• Whennodisplayisashinganymore,keepthe"START/ENTER"buttonpushed(approx.3 seconds), to start discharging. If the settings are wrong, or if the charger detects a problem, a warning signal is emit- ted and the appropriate information is shown in the display. You can stop the warning signal by pressing the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. The charger then returns to the previouscongurationmenu.94 The display shows, e.g., the following data while discharging: The rechargeable battery type is shown in the upper left of the display ("NiMH" = NiMH rechargeable battery), the upper middle shows the discharging current and the upper right the current rechargeable battery voltage. The lower left shows the current rechargeable battery programme ("DSC" = "DISCHARGE"), in the middle the elapsed charging time and the charged capacity in mAh are displayed to the right of this.

• Oncethedischargingprocesshasbeencompleted,anaudiosignalisemitted(ifitwasnot turned off). If you wish to cancel the discharging process, push the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. f) Cycle Program ("CYCLE") To test rechargeable batteries, form new rechargeable batteries or refresh older rechargeable batteries, you can perform up to 5 cycles in sequence automatically. The two possible combina- tions are "Charge/Discharge" ("CHG>DCHG") and "Discharge/Charge" ("DCHG>CHG"). The values that you have set in the charging programme ("CHARGE") or discharging programme ("DISCHARGE") are used as charging or discharging current. Proceed as follows:

• Settherechargeablebatterytypeasdescribedinchap- ter 12. a) (NiMH or NiCd) and select the rechargeable battery programme "CYCLE". The set rechargeable battery type is shown in the upper left of the display, and the recharge- able battery programme next to it. The display in the lower left represents the corresponding combination "Charging/discharging" ("CHG>DCHG") or "Discharging/charging" ("DCHG>CHG"), the lower right shows the number of currently set cycles. Use the buttons "INC" and "DEC" to select a different rechargeable battery pro- gramme;usethebutton"BATT.TYPE/STOP"toreturntothemainmenu.

• Brieypushthebutton"START/ENTER";thenumberofcyclesashes(howoftenthecur- rently set sequence of charging/discharging or discharging/charging is performed).

• Tostartcycleoperation,keepthe"START/ENTER"buttonpressedforlonger(approx.3sec- onds). If the settings are wrong, or if the charger detects a problem, an audio signal is emit- ted and the appropriate information is shown in the display. You can stop the warning signal by pressing the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. The charger then returns to the previouscongurationmenu. The display shows, e.g., the following data while charging or discharging: The rechargeable battery type is shown in the upper left ("NiMH" = NiMH rechargeable battery), the upper mid- dle shows the charging or discharging current and the upper right the current rechargeable battery voltage. The lower left shows the selected cycle operation ("C>D" = Charge/discharge, "D>C" = Dis- charge/charge), the middle shows the elapsed charging or discharging duration and the right next to it the charged or discharged capacity in mAh.

• Oncecycleoperationhasbeencompleted,anaudiosignalisemitted(ifithasnotbeenturned off). To interrupt cycle operation, push the button "BATT. TYPE/STOP". NiMH 2.0A 7.42V C>D 022:45 0089096

13. Lead Batteries (Pb)

a) General Information Lead batteries are completely different from lithium, NiMH or NiCd batteries. Despite their high capacity they can only provide low currents. The charging process is also different. Thechargingcurrentformodernleadbatteriesmustnotexceed0.4C;1/10Cisperfectforlead batteries. Ahigherchargingcurrentisnotpermitted;itwouldoverloadtherechargeablebattery! Thisnotonlycausesdangerofexplosionandre,butalsodangerofinjuryfromthe contained acid. Also always observe the information printed on the battery or the information provided by the battery manufacturer on the permitted charging current. The charger must be in the main menu. Select the rechargeable battery type "Pb BATT" with the "INC"or"DEC"buttonhere,seegureontheright. Conrmtheselectionbypressingthe"START/ENTER" button. Then use the button "INC" or "DEC" to select the different rechargeable battery programmes:

• "CHARGE":Chargerechargeablebattery

• "DISCHARGE":Dischargingtherechargeablebattery b) Charging Rechargeable Batteries ("CHARGE") The charging current to be set depends on the battery capacity and is usually 0.1C (also see

chapter 7). High-quality lead batteries also can stand a charging current up to 0.4C. However,

you should always observe the battery manufacturer's instructions. The value "0.1C" means that the charging current is equivalent to one-tenth of the rechargeable battery's capacity. For a lead battery with a capacity of 5000 mAh (= 5 Ah) the charging current at 0.1C must be set to 0.5 A. Proceed as follows to charge a lead battery:

• Fist,choosetherechargeablebatterytype"PbBATT"withthebuttons"INC"and"DEC"as described in chapter 13. a) and push the button "START/ENTER". PROGRAM SELECT Pb BATT97

• Selecttherechargeablebatteryprogramme"CHARGE" with the buttons "INC" or "DEC". The set rechargeable battery type is shown in the up- per left of the display, and the rechargeable battery programme next to it. The value on the lower left shows the currently set charging current, the value at the lower right shows the voltage or number of cells of the lead battery (in this example, a 6-cell lead battery (6 x 2.0 V = 12.0 V)). Use the buttons "INC" and "DEC" to select a different rechargeable battery pro- gramme;usethebutton"BATT.TYPE/STOP"toreturntothemainmenu.

• Thenumberofthecellsinthelowerrightofthedisplayashes.Setthenumberofthecells with the buttons "INC" and "DEC". Keep the respective button pressed for quick adjustment.

• Conrmthenumberofthecellsbypressingthe"START/ENTER"button.

• Whennodisplayisashinganymore,startchargingbykeepingthe"START/ENTER"button pushed (approx. 3 seconds). If the settings are wrong, or if the charger detects a problem, an audio signal is emit- ted and the appropriate information is shown on the display. You can stop the warning signal by pressing the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. The charger then returns to the previouscongurationmenu. The display shows, e.g., the following data while charging: The rechargeable battery type is shown in the upper left("P"=leadbattery),aswellasthecellnumber;the upper middle shows the charging current and the upper right the current rechargeable battery voltage. The lower left shows the current rechargeable battery programme ("CHG" = "CHARGE"), in the middle the elapsed charging time and the charged capacity in mAh are displayed to the right of this.

• Oncethechargingprocesshasbeencompleted,anaudiosignalisemitted(ifitwasnotturned off). If you wish to cancel the charging process, push the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. Pb CHARGE 1.0A 12.0V(6P) P-6 1.0A 12.32V CHG 022:45 0069098 c) Discharging Rechargeable Batteries ("DISCHARGE") This rechargeable battery program can be used to put partially charged lead batteries into a denedstartingconditionortoperformameasurementoftherechargeablebatterycapacity. The maximum possible discharging current depends on the battery type and number ofcells.Themax.dischargingcapacityforoutput#1is10W;5Wareavailablefor output#2.Thislimitsthemax.possibledischargingcurrentinrechargeablebatteries with multiple cells. Proceed as follows to discharge a lead battery:

• Fist,choosetherechargeablebatterytype"PbBATT"withthebuttons"INC"and"DEC"as describedinchapter13.a)andbrieypushthebutton"START/ENTER".

• Select the rechargeable battery programme "DIS- CHARGE" with the button "INC" or "DEC". The set rechargeable battery type is shown in the up- per left of the display, and the rechargeable battery programme next to it. The value on the lower left shows the currently set discharging current, the value on the right shows the voltage or number of cells of the lead battery (in this example, a 6-cell lead battery (6 x 2.0 V = 12.0 V)). Usethebutton"INC"or"DEC"toselectadifferentrechargeablebatteryprogramme; use the button "BATT. TYPE/STOP" to return to the main menu.

• When no display is ashing anymore, keep the "START/ENTER"button pushed (approx. 3 seconds), to start discharging. If the settings are wrong, or if the charger detects a problem, an audio signal is emit- ted and the appropriate information is shown on the display. You can stop the warning signal by pressing the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. The charger then returns to the previouscongurationmenu. Pb DISCHARGE 0.2A 12.0V(6P)99

• Thedisplayshows,e.g.,thefollowingdatawhiledischarging: The rechargeable battery type is shown in the upper left ("P" = lead battery), the upper middle shows the discharging current and the upper right the current re- chargeable battery voltage. The lower left shows the current rechargeable battery programme ("DSC" = "DISCHARGE"), in the middle the elapsed charging time and the charged capacity in mAh are displayed to the right of this.

• Oncethedischargingprocesshasbeencompleted,anaudiosignalisemitted(ifitwasnot turned off). If you wish to cancel the discharging process, push the "BATT. TYPE/STOP" button. P-6 1.0A 12.32V DSC 022:45 00690100

14. Saving/Loading Rechargeable Battery Data

The charger has a total of 10 memories in which you can save rechargeable battery data/settings. They can be loaded again on demand. a) Selecting/Setting Rechargeable Battery Data

• Selectthefunction"BATTMEMORY"inthemainmenu of the charger with the button "INC" or "DEC".

• Conrmtheselectionbypressingthe"START/ENTER" button.Thememorynumberashes.

• Selectoneofthe10memorieswiththebuttons"INC"or "DEC". If there already are data in the memory, the display will alternate, e.g., between the rechargeable battery type and the cell number, as well as the charging and discharg- ing current. When the memory is empty, only "ENTER SET ->" is displayed.

• Conrmtheselectionofthememorynumberbypress- ing the "START/ENTER" button. The rechargeable battery type is displayed rst; see gureontheright.

• Thebuttons"INC"and"DEC"selectthedesiredsettingfunction(e.g.batterytype,cellnum- ber, charge current, etc.). A description of the respective setting functions shown is included on the following pages. Ifasettingistobechanged,brieypushthebutton"START/ENTER".Therespectivelyadjust- ablevalueashes.

• Changetheashingvalue withthe buttons"INC" and"DEC". Keepthe respectivebutton pressed for quick adjustment.

• Completethesettingbybrieypushingthe"START/ENTER"button.Therespectiveadjust- ablevaluestopsashing.Thenyoucanselectanothersettingfunction,seeabove. If you want to save all previous settings in the memoryselectedatrst,callthesettingfunc- tion "SAVE PROGRAM" at the end with the buttons"INC"and"DEC"andbrieypushthe button "START/ENTER". If this is not done, all settings are lost! PROGRAM SELECT BATT MEMORY [ BATT MEMORY 1] ENTER SET-> BATT TYPE LiPo SAVE PROGRAM ENTER101

• Thenthedisplayshowstheindicationwiththeashingmemorynumberagain. To discard previous settings and cancel setting mode, push the button "BATT. TYPE/ STOP" repeatedly until you are back in the main menu. The following functions are available: Depending on the set battery type (LiPo, LiIo, LiFe, NiMH, NiCd, Pb), different setting functions are available. For example, the setting function for the charge end voltage per cell is only available for lithium rechargeable batteries. Therefore,alwayssettherechargeablebatterytyperstandonlythentheotherdata, so that the charger can offer the setting functions matching the rechargeable battery type. Rechargeable battery type For this, select the rechargeable battery type "LiPo", "LiIo", "LiFe", "NiMH", "NiCd" or "Pb". Asdescribedabove,thisselectionmustbemaderst,sincetherightsettingfunctions matching the rechargeable battery type are only displayed then. Battery Voltage Depending on the set rechargeable battery type, the rechargeable battery voltage can be set here. However, it is not possible to set any voltage, but the steps depend on the rated volt- ageofanindividualcelloftherespectiverechargeablebatterytype;seechapter7. Forexample,theratedvoltageofacellinLiPorechargeablebatteriesis3.7V;the rechargeable battery voltage can thus only be set in steps of 3.7 V (3.7 V, 7.4 V,

BATT TYPE LiPo BATT VOLTS 7.4V(2S)102 Charging current Set the desired charging current here. It must be selected according to the rechargeable bat- tery used. Achargingcurrentof0.1-10.0Acanbesetatoutput#1;achargingcurrentof0.1-6.0Acan besetatoutput#2. The actual charging current during charging depends on the battery type and number ofcells.Themax.chargingcapacityforoutput#1is100W;50Wareavailablefor output#2. Thecombinedchargingcapacity(output#1+#2)ismax.100W. Discharging current Set the desired discharging current here. It must be selected according to the rechargeable battery used. Adischargingcurrentof0.1-5.0Acanbesetatoutput#1;adischargingcurrentof0.1-2.0A canbesetatoutput#2. The actual discharging current during discharging depends on the bat- tery type and number of cells. The max. discharging capacity for output #1 is 10W;5Wareavailableforoutput#2. Discharging end voltage per cell Here, the voltage per cell at which discharging ends can be set. Attention! Never set the voltage too low. For lithium rechargeable batteries, this may cause deep discharge and permanent damage to the rechargeable battery! Observe the table in chapter 7 and any special information of the rechargeable battery manufacturer. CHARGE CURRENT 2.2A DSCH CURRENT 2.0A DSCH VOLTAGE 3.0V/CELL103 Charging end voltage per cell Here, the voltage per cell at which discharging ends in lithium rechargeable batteries can be set. Attention! Neversetthevoltagetoohigh.Thiscanresultinareorexplosionwithlithiumre- chargeable batteries! Observe the table in chapter 7 and any special information of the rechargeable battery manufacturer. Deactivation at overtemperature The charger can automatically cancel charging/discharging if the rechargeable battery exceeds the temperature set here. To use this function, an external temperature sensor is required (not enclosed). It must be connected to the respective socket of the charger. Maintenance charging current (for NiMH and NiCd only) Set the maintenance charging current here. When a NiMH or NiCd rechargeable battery is fully charged, it will lose part of its capacity again by self-discharge. The maintenance charging current (short charging impulses, no continuous charging current!) ensures that the rechargeable battery remains fully charged. Thus also prevents crystal forma- tion in the rechargeable battery. TVC=YOUR RISK! 4.20V TEMPERATURE CUT-OFF 50C TRICKLE 100mA104 Delay time for delta-U recognition (for NiMH and NiCd only) The charger ends charging of NiMH or NiCd rechargeable batteries according to the delta-U method. Set for how long the charger is to continue charging after this recognition here. Voltage for delta-U recognition (for NiMH only) Set the voltage here where the delta-U charging procedure recognises a fully charged recharge- able battery. If the value is set too high, the charger may not recognise that the rechargeable bat- tery is fully charged. The protection circuit for the charge duration or the maximum capacity usually trips here (if set correctly). If the value is set too low, the charge will switch off too early and the rechargeable battery will not be fully charged. Change the voltage in steps and check the charging process. Due to the many differ- ent rechargeable batteries, it is not possible to suggest a perfect value. Save settings For this purpose, see chapter 14. b).

[ BATT MEMORY 1] ENTER SET-> b) Saving Rechargeable Battery Data To save the set values, select the setting function "SAVE PROGRAM" and then briey push the button "START/ ENTER". Otherwise, all settings are lost. The charger will show the corresponding display mes- sage when saving ("SAVE....") and emit a sound signal. Then the charger alternatingly shows the most important information that you have stored in the memory. Intheexampleinthegureontheright,memory"1"holds a LiPo rechargeable battery with 2 cells, a charging cur- rent of 2.2 A and a discharging current of 0.4 A. This shows you which rechargeable battery or data are storedinthememoryatrstglance. When the memory is empty, the bottom line shows only "ENTER SET ->".106 c) Loading Rechargeable Battery Data

• Selectthefunction"BATTMEMORY"inthemainmenu of the charger with the button "INC" or "DEC".

• Conrmtheselectionbypressingthe"START/ENTER" button.Thememorynumberashes.

• Selectoneofthe10memorieswiththebuttons"INC"or "DEC". If there are data in the memory, the display will show in the bottom line alternately, e.g., the re- chargeable battery type and the cell number, as well as the charging and discharging current. When the memory is empty, the bottom line shows only "ENTER SET ->".

• Load the battery data from the selected memory by pushing the button "START/ENTER" for 3 seconds. The display shows the message "ENTER CHARGE LOAD.....";thedataarethenloadedandthedesired charging/discharging programme can then be started (push the button "START/ENTER" again for 3 sec- onds). If you keep the button "START/ENTER" pushed for 3 seconds in an empty memory, the charger will start selection/setting mode, see chapter 14. a). [ BATT MEMORY 1] LiPo 7.4V(2S) [ BATT MEMORY 2] ENTER SET-> ENTER CHARGE LOAD... [ BATT MEMORY 1] C:2.2A D:1.0A107 PROGRAM SELECT

The charger can also display the current voltages of the cells of a lithium rechargeable battery. For this, the rechargeable lithium battery must have a balancer connection that must be connected to the charger. Proceed as follows:

• Selectthefunction"LIBATTMETER"inthemainmenu of the charger with the button "INC" or "DEC".

• Conrmtheselectionbypressingthe"START/ENTER" button. Then the voltage display appears.

• Usethebuttons"INC"or"DEC"toswitchbetween: - individual voltages of cells 1 - 6 - overall voltage ("MAIN"), maximum cell voltage ("H") and minimum cell voltage ("L") Theindividualvoltagedisplaysdependingonthecellnumber,ofcourse.Theexamplegure may be a 3-cell LiPo rechargeable battery (or a multiple-cell LiPo rechargeable battery with defective cells or defective balancer connections). The display of the maximum cell voltage ("H") and the minimum cell voltage ("L") of all cells of the connected battery pack shows the difference of the voltage situation of the cells at a glance.

The system settings of the charger summarise various basic settings. They are pre-applied with the most common values in the delivery condition. Depending on the rechargeable batteries you want to charge or discharge, however, certain changes to the values are sensible. Proceed as follows:

• Selectthefunction"SYSTEMSET->"inthemainmenu of the charger with the button "INC" or "DEC".

• Conrmtheselectionbypressingthe"START/ENTER" button. First, the break time between a charging/discharging process(e.g.incycleoperation)isdisplayed;seegure on the right. Use the buttons "INC" or "DEC" to select the desired setting functions. Ifasettingistobechanged,brieypushthebutton"START/ENTER".Therespec- tivelyadjustablevalueashes. Changetheashingvaluewiththebuttons"INC"and"DEC".Keeptherespective button pressed for quick adjustment. Completethesettingbybrieypushingthe"START/ENTER"button.Therespective adjustablevaluestops ashing.Thenyoucanselectanother settingfunction,see above. To return to the main menu, push the button "BATT. TYPE/STOP". Observe the following information for description of the possible setting functions. Pause duration between charging/discharging processes When charging a rechargeable battery, it heats up (depending on the charging current). In cycle operation, the charger may make a break between charging and discharging so that the re- chargeable battery cools off before discharging starts. Rest Time CHG>DCHG 10Min PROGRAM SELECT SYSTEM SET-> Rest Time CHG>DCHG 10Min109 Safety timer If charging starts, the internal safety timer starts as well. If the charger cannot detect whether the battery is fully charged for whatever reason (e.g. with delta-U detection), the charge process is terminated automatically after a set time if the safety timer is on. This protects the battery from overloading. Thesafetytimercanbeswitchedon("ON")oroff("OFF");thetimeforthesafetytimercanalso be changed. Do not set the time too short, since the rechargeable battery cannot be fully charged then because the safety timer will cancel charging. Calculate the time for the safety timer as follows: Examples: Battery capacity Charging current Timer time 2000 mAh 2.0 A 2000 / 2.0 = 1000 / 11.9 = 84 minutes 3300 mAh 3.0 A 3300 / 3.0 = 1100 / 11.9 = 92 minutes 1000 mAh 1.2 A 1000 / 1.2 = 833 / 11.9 = 70 minutes The factor 11.9 is used to permit charging 140% of the rechargeable battery capacity (the rechargeable battery is guaranteed to be fully charged then), before the safety timer trips. Automatic deactivation at specic charging capacity This safety function of the charger terminates charging automatically when a certain capacity has been "loaded" into the battery. The safety function can be switched on ("ON") or off ("OFF") and the capacity can be set. However,donotsetacapacitywhichistoolow;otherwisetherechargeablebattery cannot be fully charged. Capacity Cut-Off ON 5000mAh SAFETY TIMER ON 120Min110 Switching the key conrmation/warning sounds on/off Withtheoption"KeyBeep",conrmationbeepforeachpushofabuttonisswitchedon("ON") or off ("OFF"). The function "Buzzer" switches the signal sound for various functions/warning messages on ("ON") or off ("OFF"). Monitoring of the input voltage This function monitors the voltage at the charger input. This is sensible when a 12 V car lead battery is used for power supply. If the voltage drops below the set value, charging is terminated to prevent deep discharge of the car lead battery. Display of the rechargeable battery and charger temperatures This function shows the external rechargeable battery temperature and the internal temperature of the charger. The external temperature can only be displayed if an external temperature sensor is connected to the charger (not enclosed, but available as an accessory). This temperature sensor is attached to the rechargeable battery. Key Beep ON Buzzer ON Input Power Low Cut-Off 11.0V Ext.Temp 0C Int.Temp 27C111 Loading factory settings (reset) This recovers the factory settings (reset). Keep the button "START/ENTER" pressed for 3 seconds. The lower display line shows "COMPLETED";thechargerrestartsandthenisinthemainmenuagain. Observethatallvaluessetbyyouarethenresettofactorysettings;the10recharge- able battery memories (see chapter 14) are also deleted. Display rmware version Thecurrentrmwareofthechargerisdisplayedatthelowerrightofthedisplay.

If the charger is connected to the voltage/current supply, a voltage of 5 V/DC as common for USB and a current of up to 2.1 A are available at the USB-output. You can use this output, e.g. to charge a mobile phone or a tablet computer.

First install the software (at least Windows XP or higher required) and the drivers of the enclosed CD before connecting the charger to a computer. For operation of the software observed, e.g., the corresponding information on the CD or in the software's help function. Important! For design reasons, it is impossible to connect both USB interfaces (see chapter 8, item 16/17) to a single computer and control them by software at the same time (no switching option was present at the time these operating instructions were drawn up). In this case, two separate computers are required that must be connected to one USB interface of the charger each.

• PlacetheCDincludedinthedeliveryinthecorrespondingdriveofyourcomputer.

• NowconnecttheUSBsocketofthechargertoafreeUSBinterfaceofyourcomputerviaa suitable USB cable (not included). Windows recognises the new hardware and completes the driver installation. Windows may then have to be restarted.

• Startthesoftware.Ifanyproblemsoccur,trystartingthesoftwarewithAdministratorrights.

The polarity of the rechargeable battery connections has been switched. The connection to the rechargeable battery has been dis- rupted, e.g. if the battery has been disconnected during the charging process. The rechargeable battery was connected with reversed polarity. The balancer connection of the rechargeable battery has been connected incorrectly or with reversed polarity. The input voltage (at the direct voltage input) for the charger is too low (< 11 V). The input voltage (at the direct voltage input) for the charger is too high (> 18 V). The voltage of a cell of a connected lithium rechargeable battery is too low. The voltage of a cell of a connected lithium rechargeable battery is too high. The voltage of a cell of a connected lithium rechargeable battery cannot be measured correctly. The set cell number is wrong. The inner temperature of the charger is too high. REVERSE POLARITY CONNECTION BREAK CONNECT ERROR

The temperature measured at the rechargeable battery via the external temperature sensor (not enclosed, can be ordered separately) is too high. The set capacity limit (see chapter 16) has been ex- ceeded. The set time limit for charging (see chapter 16) has been exceeded. The connected rechargeable battery is fully charged. If required, check the cell number settings.

Various information is indicated on the display during a charge/discharge process by repeatedly pressing the button "DEC". If you do not push any button for a few seconds, the charger will return to the normal display. The information that can be displayed depends on the connected rechargeable bat- tery type. Voltage of the battery at the end of charging/discharging Input voltage Display of the temperature at the external temperature sensor If no external temperature sensor is connected (not enclosed, can be ordered sepa- rately), "Ext.Temp" will display "0C". Duration for safety timer Battery capacity for safety cut-off End Voltage 12.6V(3S) IN Power Voltage 14.93V Ext.Temp 0C Int.Temp 27C Safety timer ON 200min Capacity Cut-off ON 5000mAh116

21. Maintenance and Cleaning

The product does not require any maintenance. You should never take it apart. The product should only be repaired by a specialist or specialist workshop or it may be dam- aged. Furthermore, the CE approval and the guarantee/warranty will expire. Any rechargeable battery connected must be disconnected from the charger before cleaning. Then disconnect the charger from the voltage/current supply. Clean the product only with a soft, clean, dry and fuzz-free cloth. Do not use cleaning agents as they may corrode the casing and wear off the labelling. Dust can be removed using a clean, soft brush and a vacuum cleaner.

a) General Information The product does not belong in the household waste. Dispose of the product according to the applicable statutory provisions at the end of its service life once it has become useless. b) Batteries and Rechargeable Batteries You as the end user are required by law (Battery Ordinance) to return all used batteries/re- chargeable batteries. Disposing of them in the household waste is prohibited! Batteries/rechargeable batteries containing harmful substances are marked with the following symbols, which point out that they are not allowed to be disposed of in the domestic refuse. The descriptions for the respective heavy metals are: Cd=cadmium, Hg=mercury, Pb=lead (the names are indicated on the battery/rechargeable battery, e.g. below the dust bin icons shown to the left). Youmayreturnusedbatteries/rechargeablebatteriesfreeofchargeattheofcialcollection points in your community, in our stores, or wherever batteries/rechargeable batteries are sold. Youthusfullyourstatutoryobligationsandcontributetotheprotectionoftheenvironment.117