VK-8 - Numeric keypad ROLAND - Free user manual and instructions

Brand	Roland
Model	VK-8
Category	Digital Keyboard (Combo Organ)
Product Type	Digital organ with tone wheel simulation
Sound Parts	Upper, Lower, Pedal, Other Tones, Drums, Spring Shock
Maximum Polyphony	128 voices (estimated)
Drawbars (Harmonic Bars)	9 for Upper, 9 for Lower, 2 for Pedal (16', 8')
Percussion	2nd/3rd, Soft/Norm, Fast/Slow, adjustable
Built-in Effects	Rotary speaker (simulation), Vibrato/Chorus (V-1 to C-3), Reverb (Room, Hall, Church, Spring), Overdrive, Ring Modulator
Equalizer	Bass, Middle, Treble (±5)
Amplifier and Speaker	3 types (Type I/II/III)
Controllers	D-Beam (assignable), Expression Pedal, Hold Pedal, Foot Switch (rotary, brake, etc.)
Preset Memory	64 user presets + temporary presets
MIDI Connectivity	MIDI IN (Keyboard, Pedal), MIDI OUT, MIDI THRU
Configurable MIDI Channels	Control, Upper, Lower, Pedal, Other Tones, Drums, Spring Shock
Received MIDI Messages	Note On/Off, Control Change (volume, expression, harmonic bars, etc.), Program Change, Pitch Bend, System Exclusive
Advanced MIDI Functions	RPN (Pitch Bend Sensitivity, Master Tuning), NRPN, Data Set (DT1), Data Request (RQ1)
Power Supply	AC adapter (DC 9V, estimated)
Dimensions (approximate)	940 x 350 x 130 mm
Weight (approximate)	12 kg
Cleaning	Use a soft, dry cloth. Do not use solvents.
Safety	Use only the recommended adapter. Avoid moisture and shocks.

Frequently Asked Questions - VK-8 ROLAND

How to connect the VK-8 to a MIDI sequencer?

Connect the VK-8's MIDI OUT cable to your sequencer's MIDI IN. Set the MIDI channels in the System MIDI menu (Control, Upper, Lower, etc.). Make sure the MIDI Program Change switch is enabled if you want to change presets via MIDI.

How to control the harmonic bar drawbars via MIDI?

The harmonic bars are controlled by continuous controllers 70 to 78 (Sound Controller 1-9). Send a value 0-127 on the corresponding channel (Upper, Lower or Pedal) to adjust each bar. For example, CC#70 for 16'. The Sound Controllers Switch option must be enabled (p. 53).

How to perform a factory reset?

The manual does not explicitly describe a reset. Usually, hold the [WRITE] button while powering on, or use a SysEx command to restore default settings. Consult the full manual if available.

How to use the expression pedal?

Connect an expression pedal to the EXPRESSION PEDAL jack. The VK-8 automatically recognizes polarity (Standard or Reverse adjustable in System Common). The pedal controls expression (general volume) or can be assigned to other functions via the Foot Control Assign parameter.

How to use the D-Beam?

Enable the D-Beam in the preset (Preset Common D-Beam Switch ON). Assign a function (Crescendo, Rotary Speed, Ring Modulation, etc.). Pass your hand over the sensor to trigger the effect.

What are the default MIDI channels?

Factory settings are: Control: ch.1, Upper: ch.1, Lower: ch.3, Pedal: ch.2, Other Tones: ch.4, Drums: ch.10, Spring Shock: ch.9.

How to send a preset change via MIDI?

Send a Program Change message (CnH) on the Control channel (default ch.1) for organ presets (programs 1-64) or on the Other Tones channel (ch.4) for other sounds (programs 1-8). The Program Change Switch must be ON.

How to save a user preset?

Modify the desired parameters (drawbars, effects, etc.), then press the [WRITE] button. Use the keys to select a location (User Preset 1-64) and confirm. Data is sent via SysEx DT1.

Can the VK-8 control an external module?

Yes, the VK-8 transmits MIDI messages (Note On/Off, Control Change, Program Change) on its output channels. You can connect it to any MIDI receiver. Use a MIDI OUT cable to the module's input.

What does the Sub Keyboard function mean?

When Sub Keyboard Function is ON, MIDI messages received on KEYBOARD IN are automatically routed to the Lower part, and those on PEDAL IN to the Pedal part (Omni On). This allows connecting an additional master keyboard without worrying about channels.

USER MANUAL VK-8 ROLAND

* The VK-8 has two MIDI IN connectors: KEYBOARD IN and PEDAL IN. If the SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is ON, messages input to KEYBOARD IN will be received as messages for the Lower part, regardless of their channel number. Messages input to PEDAL IN will be received as messages for the Pedal part, regardless of their channel number (Omni On).
* When the SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is OFF, MIDI messages will control each part according to their MIDI channel number (Omni Off). At the factory settings, each part is set to the following transmit/receive channels.

CONTROL	1ch
UPPER ORGAN	1ch
LOWER ORGAN	3ch
PEDAL ORGAN	2ch
OTHER TONES	4ch
DRUMS	10ch
SPRING SHOCK	9ch

■Channel Voice Messages

●Note off

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
8nH	kkH	vvH
9nH	kkH	00H
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
kk = note number :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
vv = note off velocity :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)

* When the SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is ON, the input to the KEYBOARD IN will be handled as messages for the LOWER PART, and the input to PEDAL IN will be handled as messages for the PEDAL PART.

●Note on

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
9nH	kkH	vvH
n = MIDI channel number:		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
kk = note number :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
vv = note on velocity :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)

* When the SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is ON, the input to the KEYBOARD IN will be handled as messages for the LOWER PART, and the input to PEDAL IN will be handled as messages for the PEDAL PART.

●Control Change

○Modulation (Controller number 1)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	01H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = modulation depth :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
* Received only for the Other Tones Part.

○Data Entry (Controller Number 6, 38)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	06H	mmH
BnH	26H	llH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
mm,ll = the value of the parameter specified by RPN/NRPN
mm = upper byte (MSB), ll = lower byte (LSB)

○Volume (Controller number 7)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	07H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = volume :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)
* Received only for the Other Tones Part.

○Panpot (Controller number 10)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	0AH	vvH
n = MIDI channel number:		0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16)
vv = panpot:		00H-40H-7FH (Left-Center-Right)

* Received only for the Other Tones Part.

○Expression (Controller number 11)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	0BH	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = expression :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)

* If you want to control all of the Organ Parts, transmit data on the channel specified by the CONTROL MIDI CH. setting (factory setting: channel 1). It is not possible to separately control each part of the Organ Part.
* When the SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is ON, this has the same function as an expression pedal connected to the VK-8's EXPRESSION PEDAL jack.

○General Purpose Controller 1 (Controller number 16) (Other tones glide)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	10H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number:		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = control value :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON

* Received only for the Other Tones Part.
* Not received when MIDI GENERAL CONTROLLERS SWITCH (p. 53) is OFF.

○General Purpose Controller 2 (Controller number 17) (Wheel Brake)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	11H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number:		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = control value :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON

* When SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is OFF, this is received on the channel specified for CONTROL MIDI CH. (p. 54) (factory setting: channel 1).
* Not received by the Other Tones part.
* Not received when MIDI GENERAL CONTROLLERS SWITCH (p. 53) is OFF.

○Hold 1 (Controller number 64)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	40H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = control value :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON

* When the SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is ON, this has same function as a hold pedal connected to the VK-8's HOLD PEDAL jack.

○Sound Controller 1-9 (Controller number 70-78) (Harmonic Bars)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	ccH	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
cc = control change number :		46H - 4EH (70-78)
vv = control value :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)

* Receives harmonic bar values.
* Not received by the Other Tones part.
* When the SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is ON, the input to the KEYBOARD IN will be handled as messages for the LOWER PART, and the input to PEDAL IN will be handled as messages for the PEDAL PART.
* Not received when MIDI SOUND CONTROLLERS SWITCH (p. 53) is OFF.

cc	H.Bar Feet
46H	16'
47H	5 1/3'
48H	8'
49H	4'
4AH	2 1/3'
4BH	2'
4CH	1 3/5'
4DH	1 1/3'
4EH	1'

* Control values and harmonic bars are related as follows.

vv	H.Bar Level
00H - 0EH	0
0FH - 1CH	1
1DH - 2AH	2
2BH - 38H	3
39H - 47H	4
48H - 55H	5
56H - 63H	6
64H - 71H	7
72H - 7FH	8

○RPN MSB/LSB (Controller number 100, 101)

Control Changes include RPN (Registered Parameter Numbers), which are extended. When using RPNs, first RPN (Controller numbers 100 and 101; they can be sent in any order) should be sent in order to select the parameter, then Data Entry (Controller numbers 6 and 38) should be sent to set the value. Once RPN messages are received, Data Entry messages that is received at the same MIDI channel after that are recognized as changing toward the value of the RPN messages. In order not to make any mistakes, transmitting RPN Null is recommended after setting parameters you need.

This device receives the following RPNs.

RPN	Data entry
MSB, LSB	MSB, LSB	Notes
00H, 00H	mmH, llH	Pitch Bend Sensitivitymm: 00H - 18H (0 - 24 semitones)ll: ignored (processed as 00H)Up to 2 octave can be specified in semitone steps.* Not received by the Organ part.
00H, 01H	mmH, llH	Master Fine Tuningmm, ll: 20 00H - 40 00H - 60 00H (-8192 x 50 / 8192 - 0 - +8192 x 50 / 8192 cent)* Not received by the Organ part.
00H, 02H	mmH, llH	Master Coarse Tuningmm: 10H - 40H - 70H (-48 - 0 - +48 semitones)ll: ignored (processed as 00H)* Not received by the Organ part.
7FH, 7FH	---, ---	RPN nullRPN and NRPN will be set as “unspecified.”Once this setting has been made, subsequent Parameter values that were previously set will not change.mm, ll: ignored

●Program Change

Status	2nd byte
CnH	ppH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
pp = program number :		00H - 3FH (prog.1 - prog.64) (Preset)
		00H - 07H (prog.1 - prog.8) (Other Tones)

* Not received when MIDI PROGRAM CHANGE SWITCH is OFF (p. 53) (factory setting: ON).
* Presets are received on the channel specified by CONTROL MIDI CH. (p. 54) (factory setting: channel 1). The Other Tones part is received on the channel specified by OTHER TONES MIDI CH. (p. 54) (factory setting: channel 4).
* Preset numbers will be switched when SUB KEYBOARD FUNCTION (p. 58) is ON.

●Pitch Bend Change

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
EnH	llH	mmH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
mm,ll=Pitch Bend value :		00 00H - 40 00H - 7F 7FH (-8192 - 0 - +8191)
* Received only for the Other Tones Part.

■Channel Mode messages

●All Sound Off (Controller number 120)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	78H	00H
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* When this message is received, all notes currently sounding on the corresponding channel will be turned off.

●Reset All Controllers (Controller number 121)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	79H	00H
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* When this message is received, the following controllers will be set to their reset values.
Controller	Reset value
Pitch Bend Change	± 0 (center)
Modulation	0 (off)
Hold 1	0 (off)

●All Note Off (Controller number 123)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	7BH	00H
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
* When All Note Off is received, all currently sounding notes of the corresponding channel will be turned off. However if Hold 1 is on, the sound will be held until these are turned off.

■System Realtime Messages

●Active Sensing

Status

FEH

* When an Active Sensing message is received, the unit will begin monitoring the interval at which MIDI messages are received. During monitoring, if more than 420 ms passes without a message being received, the same processing will be done as when All Sound Off, All Note Off, and Reset All Controllers messages are received. Then monitoring will be halted.

■System Exclusive Messages

Status	data byte	Status
F0H	iiH, ddH, ......, eeH	F7H
F0H :	System Exclusive message status
ii = ID number :	This is the ID number (manufacturer ID) that specifies the manufacturer whose exclusive message this is. Roland's manufacturer ID is 41H.ID numbers 7EH and 7FH are defined in an expansion of the MIDI standard as Universal Non-realtime messages (7EH) and Universal Realtime Messages (7FH).

dd,..., ee = data : 00H - 7FH (0 - 127)

F7H : EOX (End Of Exclusive) This is the last status of system exclusive message.

The System Exclusive Messages received by VK-8 are; messages related to mode settings, Universal Realtime System Exclusive messages, Data Requests (RQ1), and Data Set (DT1).

●Universal Realtime System Exclusive Messages ○Identity Request Message

Status	Data byte	Status
F0H	7FH, dev, 06H, 01H	F7H
Byte	Explanation
FOH	Exclusive status
7FH	ID number (universal realtime message)
dev	Device ID (dev: 10H (17) fixed)
06H	Sub ID#1 (General Information)
01H	Sub ID#2 (Identity Request)
F7H	EOX (End Of Exclusive)

* The “dev” is own device number or 7FH (Broadcast)

●Data Request 1 RQ1

This message requests the other device to transmit data. The address and size indicate the type and amount of data that is requested. When a Data Request message is received, if the device is in a state in which it is able to transmit data, and if the address and size are appropriate, the requested data is transmitted as a Data Set 1 (DT1) message. If the conditions are not met, nothing is transmitted. The model ID of the exclusive messages used by this instrument is 00 4DH.

Status	data byte
F0H	41H, dev, 00H, 4DH, 11H, aaH, bbH, ccH, ddH, ssH, ttH, uuH, vvH, sum

Status

F7H

Byte	Remarks
F0H	Exclusive status
41H	ID number (Roland)
dev	device ID (dev: 10H fixed)
00H	model ID
4DH	model ID (VK-8)
11H	command ID (RQ1)
aaH	address MSB
bbH	address
ccH	address
ddH	address LSB
ssH	size MSB
ttH	size
uuH	size
vvH	size LSB
sum	checksum
F7H	EOX (End Of Exclusive)

* The amount of data can be transmitted at one time depends on the type of data, and data will be transmitted from the specified starting address and size. Refer to the address and size given in “Parameter Address Map” (p. 4).

* For the address, size, and checksum, refer to “Examples of system exclusive messages and calculating the checksum” (p. 6).

* Regarding the checksum, please refer to page 6.

●Data Set 1 DT1

This message transmits the actual data, and is used when you wish to set the data of the receiving device.

Status data byte

F0H 41H, dev, 00H, 4DH, 12H, aaH, bbH, ccH, ddH, eeH, ... ffH, sum

Status

F7H

Byte Remarks

F0H Exclusive status

41H ID number (Roland)

dev device ID (dev: 10H fixed)

00H model ID

4DH model ID (VK-8)

12H command ID (DT1)

aaH address MSB

bbH address

ccH address

ddH address LSB

eeH data : The actual data to be transmitted. Multi-byte data is transmitted in the order of the address.

: :

ffH data

sum checksum

F7H EOX (End Of Exclusive)

* For the address, size, and checksum, refer to “Examples of System Exclusive Messages and Calculating the Checksum” (p. 6).

* Data whose size is greater than 128 bytes should be divided into packets of 128 bytes or less and transmitted. Successive “Data Set 1” messages should have at least 40 ms of time interval between them.

* Regarding the checksum, please refer to page 6.

2. Transmitted Data

* Messages that affect the system or the entire organ part are transmitted on the channel specified by CONTROL MIDI CH. (p. 54).
* Messages related to individual Organ parts are transmitted on the channels specified by UPPER/LOWER/PEDAL ORGAN MIDI CH. (p. 54).
* Messages related to the Other Tones part are transmitted on the channel specified by OTHER TONES MIDI CH. (p. 54).

■Channel Voice Messages

●Note off

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
8nH	kkH	vvH
n = MIDI channel number:		0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16)
kk = note number:		1EH-65H (30-101) (Organ Part)
		00H-7FH (0-127) (Other Tones Part)
vv = note off velocity:		40H (64) (Organ Part)
		00H-7FH (0-127) (Other Tones Part)

●Note on

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
9nH	kkH	vvH
n = MIDI channel number:		0H-FH (ch.1-ch.16)
kk = note number:		1EH-65H (30-101) (Organ Part)
		00H-7FH (0-127) (Other Tones Part)
vv = note on velocity:		64H (100) (Organ Part)
		01H-7FH (1-127) (Other Tones Part)

●Control Change

○Volume (Controller number 7)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	07H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = volume :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127)

* Transmitted in accord with movement of the panel's [OTHER TONES LEVEL] knob on the channel specified by OTHER TONES MIDI CH. (p. 54).

○Expression (Controller number 11)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	0BH	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = expression :		10H - 7FH (10 - 127) (Organ Part)
		00H - 7FH (0 - 127) (Other Tones Part)

* Transmitted when the expression pedal is operated, on the channel specified by CONTROL MIDI CH. (p. 54) and OTHER TONES MIDI CH. (p. 54).

○General Purpose Controller 1 (Controller number 16) (Other Tones Glide)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	10H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = control value :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON
* Not received when MIDI GENERAL CONTROLLERS SWITCH (p. 53) is OFF.

○General Purpose Controller 2 (Controller number 17) (Wheel Brake)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	11H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = control value :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON
* Not received when MIDI GENERAL CONTROLLERS SWITCH (p. 53) is OFF.

○Hold 1 (Controller number 64)

Status	2nd byte	3rd byte
BnH	40H	vvH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
vv = control value :		00H - 7FH (0 - 127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON

●Program Change

Status	2nd byte
CnH	ppH
n = MIDI channel number :		0H - FH (ch.1 - ch.16)
pp = program number :		00H - 3FH (prog.1 - prog.64) (Preset)
		00H - 07H (prog.1 - prog.8) (Other Tones)

* Not received when MIDI PROGRAM CHANGE SWITCH is OFF (p. 53) (factory setting: ON).

■System Realtime Message

●Active sensing

Status

FEH

* This will be transmitted constantly at intervals of approximately 250 ms.

■System Exclusive Messages

"Identity Reply" and "Data Set 1 (DT1)" are the only System Exclusive messages transmitted by VK-8.

When an appropriate “Identity Request Message” and “Data Request 1 (RQ1)” message are received, the requested internal data will be transmitted.

●Identity Reply

Status	Data byte
F0H	7EH, dev, 06H, 02H, 41H, 4DH, 01H, 00H, 00H, 00H, 01H, 00H, 00H
Status
F7H
Byte	Explanation
FOH	Exclusive status
7EH	ID number (universal non-realtime message)
dev	Device ID (use the same as the device ID of Roland)
06H	Sub ID#1 (General Information)
02H	Sub ID#2 (Identity Reply)
41H	ID number (Roland)
4DH	Device family code (LSB)
01H	Device family code (MSB)
00H	Device family number code (LSB)
00H	Device family number code (MSB)
00H	Software revision level
01H	Software revision level
00H	Software revision level
00H	Software revision level
F7H	EOX (End of Exclusive)

* Reply the message by the unique device ID (dev) when the device has received the "Identity Request Message" in the Broadcast.

●Data Set1 DT1

Status	data byte
F0H	41H, dev, 00H, 4DH, 12H, aaH, bbH, ccH, ddH, eeH... eeH, sum
Status
F7H
Byte	Remarks
F0H	Exclusive status
41H	ID number (Roland)
dev	device ID (dev: 10H fixed)
00H	model ID
4DH	model ID (VK-8)
12H	command ID (DT1)
aaH	address MSB
bbH	address
ccH	address
ddH	address LSB
eeH	data: The actual data to be transmitted. Multi-byte data is transr in the address order.

: :
ffH data
sum checksum
F7H EOX (End Of Exclusive)

* For the address, size, and checksum, refer to “Examples of System Exclusive Messages and Calculating the Checksum” (p. 6).

* Large amounts of data must be divided into packets of 128 bytes or less, and transmitted at intervals of approximately 40 ms.

* Regarding the checksum, please refer to page 6.

3. Parameter address map (MODEL ID = 004DH)

Transmission of “#” marked address is divided to some packets. For example, ABH in hexadecimal notation will be divided to 0AH and 0BH, and is sent/received in this order.

StartAddress	Description
00 00 00 00	System
10 00 00 00:	Temporary Preset
20 00 00 00	User Preset (01)
20 01 00 00:	User Preset (02)
20 3F 00 00	User Preset (64)

• System

OffsetAddress	Description
00 00 00	System Common
00 01 00	System MIDI
00 02 00	System Organ
00 03 00	System FX

• Preset

OffsetAddress	Description
00 00 00	Preset Common
00 10 00	Preset Organ
00 20 00	Preset FX

• System Common

OffsetAddress		Description
#	00 00	0000 aaaa
		0000 bbbb
		0000 cccc
		0000 dddd	Master Tune (24 - 2024)
			-100.0 - 100.0 [cent]
	00 04	0000 aaaa	Key Transpose (58 - 69)
			-6 - +5
	00 05	0000 aaaa	Foot Control Assign (0 - 10)
			ROTARY SLOW/FAST, ROTARY SPEED,
			ROTARY BRAKE ON/OFF, OTHER TONES
			GLIDE, PRESET UP, OVERDRIVE,
			OTHER TONES EXPRESSION, D BEAM SYNC,
			CRESCENDO, RING MODULATION,
			TONE WHEEL BRAKE, SPRING SHOCK
	00 06	0000 000a	Foot Control Polarity (0 - 1)
			STANDARD, REVERSE
	00 07	0000 000a	Hold Pedal Polarity (0 - 1)
			STANDARD, REVERSE
00 00 00 08		Total Size

• System MIDI

OffsetAddress	Description
00 00	0000 aaaa	Control Channel	(0 - 15)1 - 16
00 01	0000 aaaa	Upper Channel	(0 - 15)1 - 16
00 02	0000 aaaa	Lower Channel	(0 - 15)1 - 16
00 03	0000 aaaa	Pedal Channel	(0 - 15)1 - 16
00 04	0000 aaaa	Other Tones Channel	(0 - 15)1 - 16
00 05	0000 aaaa	Drums Channel	(0 - 15)1 - 16
00 06	0000 aaaa	Spring Shock Channel	(0 - 15)1 - 16
00 07	0000 000a	Sound Controllers Switch	(0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 08	0000 000a	General Controllers Switch	(0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 09	0000 000a	Program Change Switch	(0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 00 00 0A	Total Size

• System Organ

OffsetAddress	Description
00 00	000a aaaa	On Click Level	(0 - 31)
00 01	000a aaaa	Off Click Level	(0 - 31)
00 02	0000 aaaa	Percussion Soft Level	(0 - 15)
00 03	0000 aaaa	Percussion Norm Level	(0 - 15)
00 04	0aaa aaaa	Percussion Slow Time	(0 - 127)
00 05	0aaa aaaa	Percussion Fast Time	(0 - 127)
00 06	0000 aaaa	Percussion Recharge Time	(0 - 10)
00 07	0aaa aaaa	Percussion H.Bar Level	(0 - 127)
00 08	0aaa aaaa	D-Beam Crescendo	(0 - 127)
00 09	0aaa aaaa	Organ Crescendo	(0 - 127)
00 00 00 0A	Total Size

• System FX

OffsetAddress	Description
00 00	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Woofer Level	(0 - 127)
00 01	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Tweeter Level	(0 - 127)
00 02	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Woofer Rise Time	(0 - 127)
00 03	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Tweeter Rise Time	(0 - 127)
00 04	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Woofer Fall Time	(0 - 127)
00 05	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Tweeter Fall Time	(0 - 127)
00 06	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Woofer Speed Fast	(0 - 127)
00 07	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Tweeter Speed Fast	(0 - 127)
00 08	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Woofer Speed Slow	(0 - 127)
00 09	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Tweeter Speed Slow	(0 - 127)
00 0A	0000 aaaa	Rotary Woofer Spread	(0 - 10)
00 0B	0000 aaaa	Rotary Tweeter Spread	(0 - 10)
00 0C	0000 aaaa	Rotary Mic Distance	(0 - 10)
00 0D	0000 aaaa	Rotary Randomize	(0 - 10)
00 0E	0000 aaaa	EQ Bass	(59 - 69)
			-5 - +5
00 0F	0000 aaaa	EQ Middle	(59 - 69)
			-5 - +5
00 10	0000 aaaa	EQ Treble	(59 - 69)
			-5 - +5
00 00 00 11	Total Size

• Preset Common

OffsetAddress	Description
00 00	0000 000a	Keyboard Split Switch (0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 01	0aaa aaaa	Keyboard Split Point (0 - 127)C-1 - G9
00 02	0000 000a	Hold Pedal Assign (0 - 1)ORGAN & OTHER TONES, OTHER TONES
00 03	0000 000a	D-Beam Switch (0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 04	0000 0aaa	D-Beam Assign (0 - 4)CRESCENDO, ROTARY SPEED, RINGMODULATION, TONE WHEEL BRAKE, SPRING SHOCK
00 05	0000 000a	D-Beam Rotary Speed Mode (0 - 1)SLOW/FAST, COTINUOUS
00 06	0000 000a	Rotary Fast/Slow Status (0 - 1)SLOW, FAST
00 07	0000 00aa	Expression Mode (0 - 2)NORMAL, OTHER TONES CRESCENDO, ORGAN CRESCENDO
00 08	0000 000a	Other Tones Switch (0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 09	0000 0aaa	Other Tones PC Number (0 - 7)1 - 8
00 0A	0aaa aaaa	Other Tones Level (0 - 127)
00 0B	0000 0aaa	Other Tones Octave Shift (61 - 67)-3 - +3
00 0C	0000 00aa	Other Tones Assign (0 - 2)UPPER, LOWER, PEDAL
00 00 00 0D	Total Size

• Preset Organ

OffsetAddress	Description
00 00	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 16'	(0 - 8)
00 01	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 5-1/3'	(0 - 8)
00 02	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 8'	(0 - 8)
00 03	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 4'	(0 - 8)
00 04	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 2-2/3'	(0 - 8)
00 05	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 2'	(0 - 8)
00 06	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 1-3/5'	(0 - 8)
00 07	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 1-1/3'	(0 - 8)
00 08	0000 aaaa	Upper Harmonic Bar 1'	(0 - 8)
00 09	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 16'	(0 - 8)
00 0A	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 5-1/3'	(0 - 8)
00 0B	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 8'	(0 - 8)
00 0C	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 4'	(0 - 8)
00 0D	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 2-2/3'	(0 - 8)
00 0E	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 2'	(0 - 8)
00 0F	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 1-3/5'	(0 - 8)
00 10	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 1-1/3'	(0 - 8)
00 11	0000 aaaa	Lower Harmonic Bar 1'	(0 - 8)
00 12	0000 aaaa	Pedal Harmonic Bar 16'	(0 - 8)
00 13	0000 aaaa	Pedal Harmonic Bar 8'	(0 - 8)
00 14	0000 000a	Percussion Switch	(0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 15	0000 000a	Percussion Harmonic	(0 - 1)2ND, 3RD
00 16	0000 000a	Percussion Soft	(0 - 1)NORM, SOFT
00 17	0000 000a	Percussion Slow	(0 - 1)FAST, SLOW
00 18	0000 00aa	Wheel Type VINTAGE 1, VINTAGE 2, CLEAN
00 19	0aaa aaaa	Leakage Level	(0 - 127)
00 00 00 1A	Total Size

• Preset FX

OffsetAddress	Description
00 00	0000 000a	Vibrato Chorus Switch	(0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 01	0000 0aaa	Vibrato Chorus Type V-1, V-2, V-3, C-1, C-2, C-3	(0 - 5)
00 02	0000 00aa	Vibrato Chorus Vintage	(0 - 2)'50, '60, '70
00 03	0aaa aaaa	Rotary Speed	(0 - 127)
00 04	0000 000a	Rotary Brake	(0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 05	0000 000a	Rotary Bypass	(0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 06	0000 00aa	Amp & Speaker	(0 - 2)TYPE I, TYPE II, TYPE III,
00 07	0aaa aaaa	Overdrive	(0 - 127)OFF, 1 - 127
00 08	0aaa aaaa	Tone	(1 - 127)-63 - +63
00 09	0000 000a	Ring Modulator Switch	(0 - 1)OFF, ON
00 0A	0aaa aaaa	Ring Modulator Frequency	(0 - 127)
00 0B	0000 00aa	Reverb Type ROOM, HALL, CHURCH, SPRING	(0 - 3)
00 0C	0aaa aaaa	Reverb Level	(0 - 127)
00 0D	0aaa aaaa	Reverb Time	(0 - 127)
00 0E	0aaa aaaa	Chorus Level	(0 - 127)
00 00 00 0F	Total Size

4. Supplementary material

■Decimal/Hexadecimal Table

MIDI uses 7-bit hexadecimal values to indicate data values and the address and size of exclusive messages. The following table shows

the correspondence between decimal and hexadecimal numbers.

* Hexadecimal values are indicated by a following ‘H.’

D	H	D	H	D	H	D	H
0	00H	32	20H	64	40H	96	60H
1	01H	33	21H	65	41H	97	61H
2	02H	34	22H	66	42H	98	62H
3	03H	35	23H	67	43H	99	63H
4	04H	36	24H	68	44H	100	64H
5	05H	37	25H	69	45H	101	65H
6	06H	38	26H	70	46H	102	66H
7	07H	39	27H	71	47H	103	67H
8	08H	40	28H	72	48H	104	68H
9	09H	41	29H	73	49H	105	69H
10	0AH	42	2AH	74	4AH	106	6AH
11	0BH	43	2BH	75	4BH	107	6BH
12	0CH	44	2CH	76	4CH	108	6CH
13	0DH	45	2DH	77	4DH	109	6DH
14	0EH	46	2EH	78	4EH	110	6EH
15	0FH	47	2FH	79	4FH	111	6FH
16	10H	48	30H	80	50H	112	70H
17	11H	49	31H	81	51H	113	71H
18	12H	50	32H	82	52H	114	72H
19	13H	51	33H	83	53H	115	73H
20	14H	52	34H	84	54H	116	74H
21	15H	53	35H	85	55H	117	75H
22	16H	54	36H	86	56H	118	76H
23	17H	55	37H	87	57H	119	77H
24	18H	56	38H	88	58H	120	78H
25	19H	57	39H	89	59H	121	79H
26	1AH	58	3AH	90	5AH	122	7AH
27	1BH	59	3BH	91	5BH	123	7BH
28	1CH	60	3CH	92	5CH	124	7CH
29	1DH	61	3DH	93	5DH	125	7DH
30	1EH	62	3EH	94	5EH	126	7EH
31	1FH	63	3FH	95	5FH	127	7FH

D: decimal

H: hexadecimal

* Decimal expressions such as used for MIDI channel, Bank Select, and Program Change will be the value 1 greater than the decimal value given in the above table.
* Since each MIDI byte carries 7 significant data bits, each byte can express a maximum of 128 different values. Data for which higher resolution is required must be transmitted using two or more bytes. For example a value indicated as a two-byte value of aa bbH would have a value of aa x 128 + bb.
* For a signed number (±) , 00H = -64 , 40H = ± 0 , and 7FH = +63 . I.e., the decimal equivalent will be 64 less than the decimal value given in the above table. For a two-byte signed number, 0000H = -8192 , 4000H = ± 0 , and 7F7FH = +8191 . For example the decimal expression of aa bbH would be aa bbH - 4000H = aa× 128 + bb - 64× 128 .
Hexadecimal notation in two 4-bit units is used for data indicated as “nibbled.” The nibbled two-byte value of 0a 0b H would be a x 16 + b.

What is the decimal equivalent of 5AH?

From the above table, 5AH = 90.

What is the decimal equivalent of the 7-bit hexadecimal values 12 34H?

From the above table, 12H = 18 and 34H = 52

Thus, 18 × 128 + 52 = 2356

■Examples of Actual MIDI Messages

93 3E 5F

9n is the Note On status and 'n' is the MIDI channel number. Since 3H = 3, 3EH = 62, and 5FH = 95, this is a Note On message of MIDI CH = 4, note number 62 (note name D4) and velocity 95.

C0 25

CnH is the Program Change status and 'n' is the MIDI channel number. Since 0H = 0, and 25H = 37, this is a Program Change message of MIDI CH = 1, Program number 38

■Examples of System Exclusive Messages and Calculating the Checksum

Roland exclusive messages (RQ1, DT1) are transmitted with a checksum at the end of the data (before F7) to check that the data was received correctly. The value of the checksum is determined by the address and data (or size) of the exclusive message.

●How to calculate the checksum

The checksum consists of a value whose lower 7 bits are 0 when the address, size and checksum itself are added. The following formula shows how to calculate the checksum when the exclusive message to be transmitted has an address of aa bb cc ddH, and data or size of ee ffH.

aa + bb + cc + dd + ee + ff = total

total ÷ 128 = quotient ... remainder

128 - remainder = checksum

Turn the Temporary Preset Organ percussion switch ON (DT1).

The “Parameter address map” indicates that the starting address of the Temporary Preset is 10 00 00 00H, that the Preset Organ Parameter offset address is 10 00H, and that the “PERCUSSION SWITCH” address is 00 14H. Thus, the address is:

Since "ON" is parameter value 01H,

F0	41	10	00 4D	12	10 00 10 14	01	??	F7
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	address	data	checksum	(6)

(1) Exclusive status	(2) ID number (Roland)	(3) device ID(17)
(4) model ID (VK-8)	(5) command ID (DT1)	(6) EOX

Next we calculate the checksum.

10H + 00H + 10H + 14H + 01H = 16 + 0 + 16 + 20 + 1 = 53 (sum)

53 (total) ÷ 128 = 0 (quotient)... 53 (remainder)

checksum = 128 - 53 (quotient) = 75 = 4BH

This means that the message transmitted will be F0 41 10 00 4D 12 10 00 10 14 01 4B F7.

Obtain preset organ parameter data for User Preset: 02 (RQ1).

The “Parameter address map” indicates that the starting address of USER: 02 is 20 01 00 00H, and that the offset address of Organ Parameter is 10 00H. Thus, the address is:

Since the size of the Performance Part is 00 00 00 1AH,

F0	41	10	00 4D	11	20 01 10 00	00 00 00 1A	??	F7
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	address	data	checksum	(6)

(1) Exclusive status	(2) ID number (Roland)	(3) Device ID (17)
(4) Model ID (VK-8)	(5) Command ID (RQ1)	(6) EOX

Next we calculate the checksum.

20H + 01H + 10H + 00H + 00H + 00H + 00H + 1AH =

32 + 1 + 16 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 26 = 75 (sum)

75 (total) ÷ 128 = 0 (product)... 75 (remainder)

checksum = 128 - 75 (remainder) = 53 = 35H

Thus, a message of F0 41 10 00 4D 11 20 01 10 00 00 00 00 1A 35 F7 would be transmitted.

MIDI Implementation Chart

Version : 1.00

Function...		Transmitted	Recognized			Remarks
			SEQUENCER MODE	KEYBOARD MODE
Basic Channel	Default Changed	1-161-16	1-161-16	1-16X
Mode	Default Messages Altered	Mode 3X**********	Mode 3X	Mode 1X
Note Number : True Voice		30-101**********	0-12736-96 (UPPER/LOWER)36-61 (PEDAL)0-127 (Other Tones)	0-127*136-96 (UPPER/LOWER)36-61 (PEDAL)0-127 (Other Tones)
Velocity	Note On Note Off	O O	O O	O *1O
After Touch	Key's Channel's	X X	X X	X X
Pitch Bend		X	O *2	X *3
Control Change	16, 3871011161770-7864100, 101	X X *2X *4 *6 *7 *8	O *2O *2O *2O *4O *6O *7 *8O *8 *9O	O *2O *2O *2O *2O *4O *6O *7 *8O *8 *9O	ModulationData entryVolumePanpotExpressionGeneral purpose controller 1General purpose controller 2Sound controllerHold 1RPN LSB, MSB
Program Change		0-63**********	O O *110-63 (Other Tones: 0-7)			Program No. 1-64
System Exclusive	True Number	O	O	O
System Common	: Song Position: Song Select: Tune Request	X X X	X X X X	X X X		Processed as 0
System Real Time : Commands		X X	X X X	X X X
Aux Messages : All Sound Off: Reset All Controllers: Local On/Off: All Notes Off: Active Sensing: System Reset		O X X X X O X	O X O X X O X O X	X X X X
Notes		*1 The messages will be received as messages for sub keyboard part, regardless of their channel number.*2 Only OTHER TONES part*3 When OTHER TONES is assigned to KEYBOARD IN or PEDAL IN jack, the message of the OTHER TONES will be received.*4 The Messages will be received on the channel specified by Control MIDI Channel and Other Tones MIDI Channel.*5 Received Data will be handled in the same way as the EXPRESSION PEDAL jack of the VK-8 itself.*6 OTHER TONES Glide*7 Wheel Brake*8 The Messages will be received on the channel specified by Control MIDI Channel.*9 Harmonic Bar*10 Received Data will be handled in the same way as the HOLD PEDAL jack of the VK-8 itself.*11 Preset will be switched by received MIDI message.