MPI-502F - Meter Sonel - Free user manual and instructions

Product Type	Meter for electrical installation parameters
Model	MPI-502F (also covers MPI-506 and MPI-507)
Brand	Sonel
Dimensions	220 x 102 x 61 mm
Weight	Approx. 0.8 kg
Power Supply	4 x LR6 alkaline batteries or 4 x NiMH rechargeable AA batteries
Measurement Functions	AC voltage, frequency, fault loop impedance (L-PE, L-N, L-L, and with RCD), RCD tripping current and time (including AUTO mode with FULL and STANDARD), low-voltage resistance (continuity with ±200 mA and low current), touch voltage, protective conductor resistance, memory storage and Bluetooth data transmission
Display	LCD segment display with backlight
Memory	990 cells, up to 10,000 measurement results
Communication	Bluetooth (optional module), compatible with Sonel Reader software
Safety Rating	Double insulation, CAT IV 300 V / CAT III 600 V, IP67
Operating Temperature	0°C to +50°C
Storage Temperature	-20°C to +70°C
Humidity	20% to 90% RH (non-condensing)
Auto-Off	Selectable: 300 s, 600 s, 900 s, or disabled
Standards Compliance	IEC 61557, EMC EN 61326-1/2-2, EU Directive 2014/53/EU, ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 45001
Accessories Included	Test leads (various lengths), alligator clips, contact electrode, carrying case, quick start guide
Maintenance & Cleaning	Clean casing with damp cloth and mild detergent; probes can be cleaned with water and lubricated; no user-serviceable internal parts

Frequently Asked Questions - MPI-502F Sonel

How do I measure RCD tripping time with the MPI-502F?

Set the rotary switch to t_A. Use the SET/SEL button to adjust parameters like RCD type (general/selective), rated current I_n, and multiplication factor (0.5, 1, 2, or 5). Connect test leads as shown in the manual. Press START to begin measurement. The result displays tripping time; press ▶ to see additional results like touch voltage U_B and protective conductor resistance R_E.

What does the NOISE! message mean?

The NOISE! symbol appears when significant interference is present on the mains during measurement. The measurement result may include a large, unspecified error. It is recommended to check the installation for disturbances or average multiple readings.

How do I change the batteries?

Disconnect all test leads and turn off the meter. Unscrew the bolt on the bottom of the casing to open the battery compartment. Replace all four batteries with LR6 alkaline or AA NiMH rechargeable, observing polarity (spring side is negative). Reattach the cover and screw. After replacement, set the power supply type (ACCU for rechargeable or BATT for alkaline) in the general settings menu for correct charge indication.

Can I measure earth resistance with the MPI-502F?

No, the MPI-502F does not include the earth resistance measurement function (R_E). That feature is available only on the MPI-507 model. The MPI-502F focuses on RCD testing, fault loop impedance, voltage, frequency, and low-resistance continuity.

How do I perform an automatic RCD test?

Set the rotary switch to AUTO. In the general settings (hold SET/SEL while powering on), choose between FULL or STANDARD mode. Connect test leads as shown. Press START to begin. The meter will automatically sequence through measurements (Z_L-PE, U_B, R_E, t_A at various multipliers, I_A). After each RCD trip, reset the RCD. Final result shows PASS or FAIL.

What is the meaning of the 'rcd' error during RCD tests?

The rcd message indicates that the RCD did not trip or tripped too late during the measurement. This could be due to incorrect I_n setting, wrong current waveform, or a faulty RCD. Verify settings, check the RCD with its own test button, and ensure proper connections.

How do I set the rated voltage for short-circuit current calculation?

In the general settings menu (hold SET/SEL while turning on), navigate to U_n and select the applicable mains voltage (220/380 V, 230/400 V, or 240/415 V). This voltage is used to calculate prospective short-circuit current I_K from measured impedance.

What does the 'PE' error during fault loop measurement indicate?

The PE symbol with a continuous audio signal warns that dangerous voltage (above ~50 V) is present on the protective earth conductor. This indicates incorrect wiring (e.g., PE connected to phase). Stop measurements immediately and repair the installation before proceeding.

How do I clear the measurement memory?

To clear a single bank, turn the rotary switch to MEM, set the bank number, then set the cell number to 0 (the DEL message appears). Press ENTER twice to confirm. To clear the entire memory, set the bank number to 0 and press ENTER twice. Deletion progress is shown on screen.

Can I use rechargeable batteries? What about battery type setting?

Yes, you can use NiMH AA rechargeable batteries. After inserting them, go to the general settings menu and set the power supply type to ACCU (for rechargeable) instead of BATT (for alkaline). This ensures correct low-battery indication because discharge curves differ. Use an external charger; the meter does not have internal charging.

USER MANUAL MPI-502F Sonel

Line drawing of a handheld electronic device with control panel and buttons (no text or symbols)

USER MANUAL

METER FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION PARAMETERS

MPI-502F • MPI-506 • MPI-507

Rotary switch of measurement function selection

• AUTO - automatic measurement of RCD
- I_A - RCD tripping current
- t_A - RCD tripping time
- MPI-507 R_E - resistance-to-earth
- MPI-506 MPI-507 R_iso - insulation resistance
- MPI-506 MPI-507 - phase sequence
- MEM - memory, data transmission
- R_cont R_x - resistance of protective conductors and equipotential bonding, low-voltage resistance measurement
- U,f - voltage and frequency
- Z_L-PE[RCD] - fault loop impedance in L-PE circuit protected with a RCD
- Z_L-PE - fault loop impedance in L-PE circuit
- Z_L-NZ_L-L - fault loop impedance in L-N or L-L circuit

USER MANUAL

METER FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION PARAMETERS MPI-502F • MPI-506 • MPI-507

CE

SONEL S.A.

Wokulskiego 11

58-100 Świdnica

Poland

Version 2.07 12.07.2023

The MPI-502F / 506 / 507 is a modern, state-of-the-art measuring instrument, easy to operate and safe. Read this manual to avoid mistakes during the measurements and prevent operational problems.

CONTENTS

1 General information....5

1.1 Safety symbols....5
1.2 Safety 6

2 Quick start 7

2.1 Switching on and off, display backlight 7
2.2 Selecting general measurement parameters 7
2.3 Remembering the last measurement result 7

3 Measurements....10

3.1 AC voltage measurement.... 10
3.2 Voltage and frequency measurement 10
3.3 Checking the correctness of PE (protective earth) connections 11
3.4 Fault loop parameters 12

3.4.1 Selecting the lead length....12
3.4.2 Prospective short-circuit current 13
3.4.3 Fault loop parameters in the L-N and L-L circuits....14
3.4.4 Fault loop parameters in the L-PE circuit 17
3.4.5 Fault loop impedance in L-PE circuit protected with a residual current device (RCD) ....19

3.5 Resistance-to-earth (R _E 3P)....21
3.6 RCD parameters 26

3.6.1 RCD tripping current....26
3.6.2 RCD tripping time 29
3.6.3 Automatic measurements of RCD parameters 32

3.6.3.1 FULL mode....32
3.6.3.2 STANDARD mode....36

3.7 MPI-506 MPI-507 Insulation resistance 39

3.7.1 Measurement of individual objects 39
3.7.2 Additional information 42

3.8 Low-voltage resistance measurement 43

3.8.1 Test leads resistance compensation – auto-zeroing....43
3.8.2 Low-current resistance measurement....44
3.8.3 Measurement of resistance of protective conductors and equipotential bonding with ±200 mA current....46

3.9 MPI-506 MPI-507 Phase sequence 48

4 Memory of measurement results....50

4.1 Entering the measurement results to the memory 50
4.2 Changing the cell and bank number 52
4.3 Browsing the memory 52
4.4 Clearing the memory....54

4.4.1 Clearing the bank....54
4.4.2 Clearing the whole memory 55

4.5 Communication with computer.... 56

4.5.1 Package for cooperation with computer....56
4.5.2 Data transmission with Bluetooth module 56

5 Troubleshooting....57

6 Power supply....59

6.1 Monitoring the power supply voltage....59

6.2 Replacing the batteries 59
6.3 General rules of using the Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) batteries.... 60

7 Cleaning and maintenance 60

8 Storage....61

9 Dismantling and disposal 61

10 Technical data....62

10.1 Basic information 62

10.1.1 Voltage measurement....62
10.1.2 Frequency measurement....62
10.1.3 Z_L-PE , Z_L-N , Z_L-L fault loop impedance measurement....62
10.1.4 Z _L-PE fault loop impedance measurement |RCD (without tripping the RCD)....63

10.1.5 MPI-507 Measurement of earth resistance - 3-pole method (R_E3P) 64

10.1.6 Measurement of the RCD parameters....64
10.1.7 MPI-506 MPI-507 Measurement of insulation resistance....66
10.1.8 Low-voltage continuity and resistance measurement....66
10.1.9 MPI-506 MPI-507 Phase sequence....67

10.2 Other technical specifications 67
10.3 Additional information 68

10.3.1 Additional uncertainty according to IEC 61557-3 (Z)....68
10.3.2 Additional uncertainty according to IEC 61557-4 (R ±200 mA)....68
10.3.3 Additional uncertainty according to IEC 61557-6 (RCD)....68
10.3.4 Influence of serial interference voltage on the resistance measurements for function R3P....68
10.3.5 MPI-507 Influence of the auxiliary electrodes on earth resistance measurements for function R_E3P 69
10.3.6 MPI-507 Additional uncertainties according to IEC 61557-5 _E (P)....69

11 Manufacturer 69

MFI-507 The icon with the meter name is placed next to sections of the text that refer to specific features of the device. All other parts of the text relate to all types of the instrument.

1 General information

1.1 Safety symbols

The following international symbols are used in the device and/or in this manual:

	Warning;See explanation in the manual		Ground		AC current/voltage
	DC current/voltage	[27A6]	Dual insulation (Protection class)	[727D]	Declaration of Conformity with EU directives (Conformité Européenne)
	Do not dispose of with other house-hold waste		Recycling information	[0D43]	Confirmed compliance with Australian Standards

Measurement categories according to IEC 61010-2-030:

• CAT II – concerns measurements performed in circuits directly connected to low voltage installations,
• CAT III – concerns measurements performed in buildings installations,
• CAT IV – concerns measurements performed at the source of low voltage installation.

graph TD
    A["Utility Pole"] --> B["House"]
    B --> C["DB1"]
    B --> D["DB2"]
    C --> E["Light Bulb"]
    D --> F["Light Bulb"]
    G["Power Supply"] --> H["HV"]
    G --> I["LV"]
    J["Electricity Tower"] --> K["Ground"]
    L["AC System"] --> M["AC System"]
    N["AC System"] --> O["AC System"]
    P["AC System"] --> Q["AC System"]

MPI-502F • MPI-506 • MPI-507 – USER MANUAL

1.2 Safety

The meter is designed for testing the protection against electric shock in the mains systems. The meter is used to make measurements which results determine the electrical installation safety level. Consequently, in order to ensure safe operation and correct measurement results, observe the following recommendations:

• Before you proceed to operate the meter, acquaint yourself thoroughly with the present manual and observe the safety regulations and recommendations of the manufacturer.
• Any application that differs from those specified in the present manual may cause damage of the instrument and a serious hazard to its user.
• The meters must be operated solely by appropriately qualified personnel with relevant certificates to perform measurements of electric installation. Operation of the instrument by unauthorized personnel may result in damage to the device and constitute a hazard to the user.
• Using this manual does not exclude the need to comply with occupational health and safety regulations and with other relevant fire regulations required during the performance of a particular type of work. Before starting the work with the device in special environments, e.g. potentially fire-risk/explosive environment, it is necessary to consult it with the person responsible for health and safety.

- It is unacceptable to operate the following:

⇒ a damaged meter which is completely or partially out of order,
⇒ leads with damaged insulation,
⇒ a meter which ahs been stored to long in unsuitable conditions (for example is wet). When the meter is transferred from cold environment to warm and humid one, do not make measurements until the meter warms up to the ambient temperature (about 30 minutes).

- Remember that the BRE message on the display means that the power supply voltage is too low and indicates the need to replace/charge the batteries. The measurements performed with the meter with insufficient supply voltage have additional measuring errors which are impossible to be evaluated by the user and cannot be the basis to determine the correct protection of the tested installation.

- Do not leave the discharged batteries in the meter as they can leak and damage the instrument.

- Before starting the measurement, check if the leads are connected to correct measuring terminals.

- Never use the meters with open or only partially closed battery compartment cover and use only the power supplies specified in this manual.

• Repairs may be performed solely by an authorized service outlet.

NOTE!

Only accessories for a given device should be used. Using other accessories may cause damage to measuring terminals, introduce additional measurement error and create a risk for the user.

- An attempt to install drivers in 64-bit Windows 8 and Windows 10 may result in displaying "Installation failed" message.

o Cause: Windows 8 and Windows 10 by default blocks drivers without a digital signature.

o Solution: Disable the driver signature enforcement in Windows.

- Due to continuous development of the meter's software, the actual appearance of the display, in case of some of the functions, may slightly differ from the display presented in this operating manual.

2 Quick start

2.1 Switching on and off, display backlight

To switch on the meter, briefly press the ⏻ button. To switch off, press the same button longer (the OFF message appears).

To switch on/off the display and keypad backlight during the meter operation, briefly press the button.

2.2 Selecting general measurement parameters

Keeping the SET/SEL button depressed, switch on the meter and wait for the parameter selection screen to appear.

Use the ◀▶ buttons to go to next parameter.

Use the ▲▼ buttons to change the parameter value. The value or symbol to be changed is flashing.

② Set the parameters according to the algorithm.

Press and hold ENTER (until a signal sounds – ca. 3 s) to save the changes and go to the measurement function or press ESC to go the measurement function without saving the changes.

• At first start-up or after replacing batteries, select the type of power supply: rechargeable batteries (ACCU) or batteries (BATT). General measurement parameters can be selected in the same menu.
• Before the first measurements, set the mains rated voltage U_n (220/380 V, 230/400 V or 240/415 V) which is applicable in the test location. The voltage is used to calculate the prospective short-circuit current, if this option was chosen from the main menu.
• The symbol means the positive phase or polarization, the symbol - a negative one.
• The •• symbol in the time to auto-off settings, indicates disabling this function.
• The RCD Auto mode settings – see section 3.6.3.
• PIN settings – see Meter settings schematic.
• Software upgrade - see Meter settings schematic and section 4.5.

2.3 Remembering the last measurement result

The result of the last measurement is remembered until the next measurement is activated, the measurement parameters are changed or the measuring function is changed with the rotary switch. Use the ESC button to go to the starting screen of a given function and press ENTER to display the last measurement result.

Meter settings – algorithm

	←▶
	-220 V	Un
	-230 V	▲▼
	-50 Hz	tn
	-60 Hz	▲▼
	-1k	LOOP
	-1k	DISP
	-UN	▲▼
		RCD
		Auto
	-300 s	▲▼
	-900 s	OFF
		▲▼
		BT
		▲▼
	L-PE	+
	RCD	+
	1/2 lAn	+

3 Measurements

WARNING

• During the measurements (fault loop impedance, RCD) never touch the earthed and accessible parts in the tested electrical installation.
• During the measurement do not switch the rotary switch as this may cause damage of the meter and hazard for the user.

Message -indicates, that an incompatible measurement adapter is connected to the meter.

3.1 AC voltage measurement

The meter measures and displays the mains alternating voltage in all measurement functions with the exception of R. The voltage is measured for the 45...65 Hz frequency range. The test leads should be connected as for a given measuring function.

3.2 Voltage and frequency measurement

①

Set the rotary switch to the U,f position.

②

Read the measurement result: frequency in the main display field, voltage in the auxiliary field.

3.3 Checking the correctness of PE (protective earth) connections

Connect the meters as shown in the figure, touch the contact electrode with your finger and wait about 1 second. When the voltage on the PE conductor is detected, the instrument displays the PE message (error in the installation, the PE conductor is connected to the phase conductor) and generates a continuous audio signal. This option is available for all measurement functions related to the RCD's and fault loop, except for Z_L-N,L-L .

WARNING

When dangerous voltage on the protective conductor PE is detected, discontinue the measurements immediately and repair the electrical installation.

• Make sure that during the measurements you are not standing on an uninsulated floor as this may cause erroneous results.
• The threshold value, which triggers the signal of exceeded allowable voltage on PE conduit, is approximately 50 V.

3.4 Fault loop parameters

NOTE!

• If the tested mains includes residual current devices, for the duration of measurement they should be omitted by bypassing. Remember however that bypassing changes the tested circuit and the results may very slightly differ from the actual values.
• After the measurement, restore the mains to its original state and check operation of the residual current device. This note does not apply to the earth loop impedance measurements with the Z_L-PE RCD function.
• Measurements of fault loop impedance performed downstream of inverters are ineffective and their results are unreliable. This is due to the instability of internal impedance in inverter circuits during its operation. The measurements of fault loop impedance should not be performed directly downstream of inverters.

3.4.1 Selecting the lead length

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to one of the fault loop impedance measurement types.

②

SET L

• 1.2 m
• 5 m
• 10 m
• 20 m

Set the parameters according to the following algorithm and the rules for setting the general parameters.

• Using original leads and selecting correct length is a guarantee of keeping the declared measuring accuracy.
• The WS leads are detected by the meter and you cannot select their length (the --F symbol is displayed). When you are using the leads with banana plugs, before you start the measurements set the correct phase conductor length complying with the test leads length.

3.4.2 Prospective short-circuit current

The meter always measures the impedance, and the displayed short-circuit current is calculated according to the following formula:

$$ I _ {k} = \frac {U _ {n}}{Z _ {s}} $$

where:

U_n – rated voltage of the tested mains,

Zs – measured impedance.

Based on the rated voltage U_n selected in the general settings (section 2.2), the meter automatically detects the measurement with phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase voltage and includes this in the calculations.

If the tested mains voltage is out of tolerance range, the meter will not be able to determine the correct rated voltage for calculation of short-circuit current. In such case, horizontal lines will be displayed instead of the short-circuit current. The figure below shows the voltage ranges for which the short-circuit current is calculated.

3.4.3 Fault loop parameters in the L-N and L-L circuits

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the Z_L-LZ_L-N position.
• Select the leads length as described in sec. 3.4.1 according to the needs.

② Connect the test leads as shown in the figure: a b for measurement in the L-N circuit, c measurement in the L-L circuit

③

The meter is ready for measurement.

Phase conductor length or the - symbol.

U_L-N or U_L-L voltage

④

Press START to perform the measurement.

⑤

Read the main result: the fault loop impedance Z_s and the mains voltage during the measurement.

⑥

Press ▶ to display additional results.

Short-circuit current I_K

Fault loop resistance R

Fault loop reactance X_L

• Save the result in the memory (see sections 4.1, 4.2) or press ESC to return to the voltage measurement.
• Making a large number of tests over a short time causes the meter to emit a lot of heat. As a result the casing may become warm. This is normal. The meter has an overheat protection.
• The minimum time between successive measurements is 5 seconds. This value is controlled by the meter which displays the READY when you can make the next measurement.

Additional information displayed by the meter

READY	Meter ready for measurement
L-n	Voltage on the meter L and N terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
L-PE	Voltage on the meter L and PE terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
Err	Measurement error
Errf	Incorrect or unstable power grid frequency.
ErrU	Measurement error – loss of voltage after the measurement.
EOO	Short-circuit loop of the meter is faulty.
ULn	N conductor not connected.
NOISE!	Message (displayed after the measurement) indicates significant disturbances in the mains during measurement. The measurement result may include a large, unspecified error.
	Temperature inside the meter has exceeded the allowed limit. The measurement is blocked.
	The L and N conductors are switched (voltage between the PE and N conductors).

3.4.4 Fault loop parameters in the L-PE circuit

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the Z_L-PE position.
• Select the leads length as described in sec. 3.4.1 according to the needs.

② Connect the test leads as shown in one of the figures.

Measurement in L-PE circuit

Checking effectiveness of protection against electric shock of the meter housing in case of:
a TN network or network

Press START to perform the measurement.

The remaining measurement issues are analogous to the ones described for the measurements in the L-N or L-L systems.

A double-lead measurement is possible when selecting the test lead other than with the socket adapter.

Additional information displayed by the meter

	Meter ready for measurement
	Voltage on the meter L and N terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
	Voltage on the meter L and PE terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
	Measurement error
	Incorrect or unstable power grid frequency.
	Measurement error - loss of voltage after the measurement.
	Short-circuit loop of the meter is faulty.
	N conductor not connected.
	Message (displayed after the measurement) indicates significant disturbances in the mains during measurement. The measurement result may include a large, unspecified error.
	Temperature inside the meter has exceeded the allowed limit. The measurement is blocked.
	The L and N conductors are switched (voltage between the PE and N conductors).

3.4.5 Fault loop impedance in L-PE circuit protected with a residual current device (RCD)

The meter allows the fault loop impedance measurements without making changes in the mains with the residual current devices with rated current of minimum 30 mA.

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the ZL-PE RCD position.
• Select the leads length as described in sec. 3.4.1 according to the needs.

②

Connect the test leads as shown in one of the figures.

Measurement in a TN-S system
Measurement in a TT system

Measurement in a TN-C-S system

The remaining measurement issues are analogous to the ones described for the measurements in the L-N or L-L systems.

• You can discontinue the measurement by pressing the ESC button.
• In a mains without interferences, the measurement takes ca. 8 seconds. If interferences occur, this time may be longer.
• In the electrical installations with the 30 mA residual current devices the sum of the installation leakage currents and the test current may trip the RCD. In such case, try to reduce the leakage current of the tested installation (i.e. by disconnecting the loads).

Additional information displayed by the meter

READY	Meter ready for measurement
L-n	Voltage on the meter L and N terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
L-PE	Voltage on the meter L and PE terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
Err	Measurement error
Errf	Incorrect or unstable power grid frequency.
ErrU	Measurement error – loss of voltage after the measurement.
EOO	Short-circuit loop of the meter is faulty.
ULn	N conductor not connected.
NOISE!	Message (displayed after the measurement) indicates significant disturbances in the mains during measurement. The measurement result may include a large, unspecified error.
	Temperature inside the meter has exceeded the allowed limit. The measurement is blocked.
	The L and N conductors are switched (voltage between the PE and N conductors).

3.5 Resistance-to-earth (R

E3P)

The three-pole measuring method is the basic type of resistance-to-earth measurement.

① Disconnect the tested earth electrode from the installation of the facility.

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the R_E position.

Set the measuring voltage according to the following algorithm and the rules for setting the general parameters.

• 25 V
• 50 V
• 25 V
• 50 V
• 25 V
• 50 V
• 25 V
• 50 V
• 25 V
• 50 V

▲ · 25 V

▼ · 50 V

- 25 V

- 50 V

Technical line drawing of a mechanical bracket assembly with bolts and a vertical rod (no text or symbols)

④ Connect the test leads as shown in one of the figures.

• Drive the current electrode H into the earth and connect to the H socket of the meter.
• Drive the voltage electrode S into the earth and connect to the S socket of the meter.
• The earth electrode being tested should be connected to E socket of the meter.
• It is recommended that the tested earth electrode as well as H and S electrodes should be located along one line and at relevant distances, in accordance with the rules of earth measurements.

⑤

The meter is ready for measurement.

Interference voltage currently on the object

⑥

Press START to perform the measurement.

⑦

Read the result.

U_n – interference voltage

R_E – resistance-to-earth

⑧

Press ▶ to display additional results.

ER – additional uncertainty caused by resistance of the electrodes

R_H – resistance of current electrode

Rs - resistance of voltage electrode

⑨

Repeat the steps for two additional locations of the voltage electrode S:

• at a certain distance from the tested earth electrode,
• moved closer by the same distance to the tested earth electrode.

This is done to confirm that the S electrode was driven into the reference earth. If so, the difference between the value of R_E between the main measurement and each additional measurement should not exceed 3%.

If R_E measurement results differ from one another by more than 3%, the distance of the current electrode from the earth electrode being tested should be considerably increased and the measurements should be repeated.

WARNING

• Measurement of resistance-to-earth may be carried out if voltage of interferences does not exceed 24 V. Voltage of interferences is measured up to the level of 100 V.
• Over 50 V it is signalled as hazardous. The meter must not be connected to voltages exceeding 100 V.

• It is recommended that the test earth electrode as well as H and S electrodes should be located in one line. Due to the different field conditions it is not always possible. On the website www.sonel.com and in professional literature special cases of probes location have been discussed.
• Particular attention should be paid to quality of connection between the object being tested and the test lead – the contact area must be free from paint, rust, etc.
• If resistance of test probes is too high, R_E earth electrode measurement will include an additional uncertainty. Particularly high uncertainty of measurement occurs when the tested resistance is small, and the probes have a weak contact with earth (such a situation occurs frequently when the earth electrode is well made but the upper soil layer is dry and slightly conductive). Then, the ratio of resistance of the probes to resistance of the tested earth electrode is very high and consequently, uncertainty of measurement that depends on this ratio is also very high.
• To reduce the uncertainty of the , measurement, the contact of the probe with earth may be improved, for example, by:
  o moistening the spot where the probe is driven with water,
  o driving the probe in a different location
  o applying an 80 cm probe.
  Also, test the test leads for:
  o whether their insulation is not defective
  o whether the lead – banana plug – probe contact areas are not corroded or loosened.
  In majority of cases the achieved measurement accuracy is satisfactory. However, you should always take account of the uncertainty included in the measurement.

Additional information displayed by the meter

	The meter is ready for measurement.
	The tested facility is live. The measurement is blocked. Immediately disconnect the meter from the object (both test leads).
	Interruption in the current probe circuit.
	Interruption in the voltage probe circuit.
	Interruption in measuring circuit or resistance of test probes is higher than 2 kΩ.
	Measuring range is exceeded.
	Signal / noise ratio is too low (interfering signal too large).
	Error due to the resistance of electrodes >30 % (for calculating uncertainty, measured values are taken into account).

3.6 RCD parameters

3.6.1 RCD tripping current

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the IA position.

② Set the parameters according to the following algorithm and the rules for setting the general parameters.

③ Connect the test leads as shown in the figure.

④

The meter is ready for measurement.

⑤

Press START to perform the measurement.

⑥

Read the main measurement result: I_A current.

⑦

Press ▶ to read additional results.

Tripping time t_AI at the I_A current

Protective conductor resistance for RCD - R_E

Touch voltage U_B

• If only the measurement of U_B , R_E is selected, these values are measured with the 0.4 I_ n current without tripping the RCD. If the RCD trips during the measurement, press ESC to go to the next measurements.
• Due to the specific character of the measurement (step increase of the I_A current), the measurement result for the tripping time t_Ai in this mode may include a positive error or the message may be displayed due to the RCD inertia. If the result is outside the allowed range for a given RCD, repeat the measurement in the t_A mode (see section 3.6.2).
• Save the result in the memory (see section 4.1) or press the ESC button to display the voltage only. The last measurement result is remembered until you press the START button or change the rotary switch position.

Additional information displayed by the meter

READY	Meter ready for measurement
L-PE	Voltage on the meter L and PE terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
C=DU	The L and N conductors are switched (voltage between the PE and N conductors).
	Temperature inside the meter has exceeded the allowed limit. The measurement is blocked.
rcd	RCD did not trip or tripped too late.
ErrE	After the UB RE measurement, the tA measurement was not performed because the RE and voltage values did not allow generating the required current value.
Errf	Incorrect or unstable power grid frequency.
ErrU	Measurement error – loss of voltage after the measurement or RCD tripped during the UB or RE measurement.
Ub	Safe touch voltage is exceeded.

3.6.2 RCD tripping time

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the t_A position with the selected I _Δn multiplication factor.

②
Set the parameters according to the following algorithm and the rules for setting the general parameters.

In I_ n × n , the multipliers 2 and 5 do not apply to I_ n = 300 mA and 500 mA .

③
Connect the test leads as shown in the figure.

MPI-502F • MPI-506 • MPI-507 – USER MANUAL

④

The meter is ready for measurement.

⑤

Press START to perform the measurement.

⑥

Read the main measurement result: tripping time A

⑦

Press ▶ to read additional results.

Protective conductor resistance for RCD - RE

Touch voltage U_B

• If only the measurement of U_B , R_E is selected, these values are measured with the 0.4 I_ n current without tripping the RCD. If the RCD trips during the measurement, press ESC to go to the next measurements.
• Due to the specific character of the measurement (step increase of the I_A current), the measurement result for the tripping time t_Ai in this mode may include a positive error or the message may be displayed due to the RCD inertia. If the result is outside the allowed range for a given RCD, repeat the measurement in the t_A mode (see section 3.6.2).
• Save the result in the memory (see section 4.1) or press the ESC button to display the voltage only. The last measurement result is remembered until you press the START button or change the rotary switch position.

Additional information displayed by the meter

READY	Meter ready for measurement
L-PE	Voltage on the meter L and PE terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
C=DU	The L and N conductors are switched (voltage between the PE and N conductors).
	Temperature inside the meter has exceeded the allowed limit. The measurement is blocked.
rcd	RCD did not trip or tripped too late.
ErrE	After the UB RE measurement, the tA measurement was not performed because the RE and voltage values did not allow generating the required current value.
Errf	Incorrect or unstable power grid frequency.
ErrU	Measurement error – loss of voltage after the measurement or RCD tripped during the UB or RE measurement.
Ub	Safe touch voltage is exceeded.

3.6.3 Automatic measurements of RCD parameters

The instrument can perform automatic measurement of the RCD tripping time t_A , tripping current I_A , touch voltage U_B and earth resistance R_E . In this mode, you do not need to activate the measurement each time, and your role is only to initiate the measurement and reset the RCD after each tripping. You can choose two main AUTO modes:

• FULL mode,
  • STANDARD mode.

Mode selection is described in section 2.2.

3.6.3.1 FULL mode

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the AUTO position.

② If the displayed parameters are different than shown below, set them according to the following algorithm and the rules for setting the general parameters.

③ Connect the test leads as shown in the figure.

• The length of the test leads is taken from the settings in the fault loop impedance measurement (sec. 3.4.1).
• If the RCD measurement uses test leads of a different length than in the Z measurement, either replace the test leads with those used for the Z measurement, or enter the Z measurement and set the length used.

④

The meter is ready for measurement.

U_L-PE voltage

⑤

Press START to perform the measurement.

⑥

Switch on the tested RCD after each tripping.

⑦

Read the main measurement result:

PASS - good, FAIL - bad.

Use the ENTER button to save the results in the memory, ◀▶ arrows to view the result components. or the ESC button to go to the voltage display mode.

The meter can perform the following measurements:

For RCD AC:

Measured parameters	Measurement conditions		Notes
	Multiplication factor I_ n	Initial phase (polarization)
Z_L-PE		Z_L-PE	-
U_B, R_E		U_B, R_E
t_A	0.5 I_ n	t_A
t_A	0.5 I_ n	t_A
t_A	1 I_ n	t_A	RCD in good working order should trip
t_A	1 I_ n	t_A
t_A	2 I_ n	t_A
t_A	2 I_ n	t_A
t_A	5 I_ n	t_A
t_A	5 I_ n	t_A
I_A		I_A
I_A		I_A

For RCD A:

Measured parameters	Measurement conditions		Notes
	Multiplication factor I_ n	Initial phase (polarization)
Z_L-PE			-
U_B, RE
t_A	0.5 I_ n	positive
t_A	0.5 I_ n	negative
t_A	1 I_ n	positive	RCD in good working order should trip
t_A	1 I_ n	negative
t_A	2 I_ n	positive
t_A	2 I_ n	negative
t_A	5 I_ n	positive
t_A	5 I_ n	negative
I_A		positive
I_A		negative
t_A	0.5 I_ n	positive
t_A	0.5 I_ n	negative
t_A	1 I_ n	positive
t_A	1 I_ n	negative
t_A	2 I_ n	positive
t_A	2 I_ n	negative
t_A	5 I_ n	positive
t_A	5 I_ n	negative
k_A		positive
I_A		negative

• Number of measured parameters depends on settings in the main menu.
• U_B and R_E are measured always.
• If during the U_B / R_E measurement, the RCD has tripped at 0.5 I _ n , or has not tripped in the remaining cases, or the preset safe voltage value U _L has been exceeded – the measurement is discontinued.
• The measurements which are not possible are automatically skipped, for example when the selected current I_ n and multiplication factor are beyond the meter's measuring capabilities.

Additional information displayed by the meter

FAIL	Defective RCD.
PASS	RCD in good working order.
turn rcd on	Switch on the RCD.
READY	Meter ready for measurement
L-PE	Voltage on the meter L and PE terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
C-D	The L and N conductors are switched (voltage between the PE and N conductors).
	Temperature inside the meter has exceeded the allowed limit. The measurement is blocked.
rcd	RCD did not trip or tripped too late.
ErrE	After the UB RE measurement, the tA measurement was not performed because the RE and voltage values did not allow generating the required current value.
ErrF	Incorrect or unstable power grid frequency.
ErrU	Measurement error - loss of voltage after the measurement or RCD tripped during the UB or RE measurement.
Ub	Safe touch voltage is exceeded.

3.6.3.2 STANDARD mode

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the AUTO position.

② If the displayed parameters are different than shown below, set them according to the following algorithm and the rules for setting the general parameters.

③ Connect the test leads as shown in the figure.

• The length of the test leads is taken from the settings in the fault loop impedance measurement (sec. 3.4.1).
• If the RCD measurement uses test leads of a different length than in the Z measurement, either replace the test leads with those used for the Z measurement, or enter the Z measurement and set the length used.

④

The meter is ready for measurement.

⑤

Press START to perform the measurement.

⑥

Reset the tested RCD after each tripping.

⑦

Read the main measurement result:

PASS - good, FAIL - bad.

• Measured parameters are the same as in the table for the FULL and RCD AC mode only for selected current waveform.
• Number of measured parameters depends on settings in the main menu.
• U_B and R_E are measured always.
• If during the U_B / R_E measurement, the RCD has tripped at 50% I_n , or has not tripped in the remaining cases, or the preset safe voltage value U_L has been exceeded – the measurement is discontinued.
• The measurements which are not possible are automatically skipped, for example when the selected current I_ n and multiplication factor are beyond the meter's measuring capabilities.

Additional information displayed by the meter

FAIL	Defective RCD.
PASS	RCD in good working order.
turn rcd on	Switch on the RCD.
READY	Meter ready for measurement
L-PE	Voltage on the meter L and N terminals is out of range for which the measurement can be made.
C-D'	The L and N conductors are switched (voltage between the PE and N conductors).
	Temperature inside the meter has exceeded the allowed limit. The measurement is blocked.
rcd	RCD did not trip or tripped too late.
ErrE	After the UB RE measurement, the tA measurement was not performed because the RE and voltage values did not allow generating the required current value.
Errf	Incorrect or unstable power grid frequency.
ErrU	Measurement error - loss of voltage after the measurement or RCD tripped during the UB or RE measurement.
Ub	Safe touch voltage is exceeded.

3.7 Insulation resistance

WARNING

The object tested must not be live.

3.7.1 Measurement of individual objects

①

• Turn on the meter.
• Turn the rotary switch to Riso position.

②

If the function for identifying wires in the conductors is turned on (RISO PAIR - sec. 2.2), but the WS adapter is not connected, select the required markings. The active element flashes.

▲▼ marking selection
◀▶ wire selection

Designations

• L1, L2, L3 – phase conductors
• n - neutral conductor N
• PE – protective conductor PE
• Pn – protective-neutral conductor PEN
• • • • E - connected WS adapter (not selectable)

③

Set the measurement voltage according to the following algorithm, and according to the rules described in general parameters setting.

④

Connect test leads according to the drawing. The R_ISO+ lead can be connected to the blue or red socket.

⑤

The meter is ready for measurement.

Voltage present on tested object.

⑥

Press and hold the START button for 5 seconds. Apart from starting the measurement, this will cause 5-second countdown, after which the measurement will be locked. Testing will be continued until it reaches the preset time or until START button is pressed.

Quick start, without 5-second delay of the measurement lock, perform by pressing ENTER and holding the START button pressed. The measurement is stopped after reaching the preset time or by pressing START.

⑦

Read out the result.

U_n – measuring voltage

⑧

Press ▶ to read additional results.

I – measuring current

WARNING

• During measurements of insulation resistance, dangerous voltage up to 600 V occurs at the ends of test leads.
• It is forbidden to disconnect test leads and to change the position of the function switch before completion of measurement. Failure to obey the above instruction will lead to high voltage electric shock and make it impossible to discharge the tested object.

• The meter emits a continuous audio signal until test voltage reaches 90% of the preset value (and also when 110% of the preset value is exceeded).
• During measurement, the meter generates a beep every 5 seconds - it facilitates capturing time parameters.
• When the measurement cycle is upheld by pressing ENTER it is indicated by:
• a short break in the beep, when the test voltage has not reached 90% or exceeded 110% of set value,
• a short beep if the test voltage is between 90% and 110% of set value.

- Bargraph shows the approximate value of the resistance.

- After completion of measurement, the capacitance of the tested object is discharged by shorting RISO^+ and RISO^- terminals with resistance of 100k .

- Save the result in the memory (see section 4.1) or press the ESC button to display the voltage only. The last measurement result is remembered until you press the START button or change the rotary switch position.

Additional information displayed by the meter

	Test voltage is present on terminals of the meter.
UdEt	The tested object is live. The measurement is blocked. Immediately disconnect the meter from the tested object (both leads)!
LIMIT!	Activation of current limit. The symbol displayed is accompanied by a continuous beep.
NOISE!	The tested object is live. The measurement is possible, but without guaranteed accuracy.
H, LE	The insulation resistance is too low, the measurement is terminated. This symbol appears when during the measurement the insulation breakdowns.
>999 _MD	Measuring range is exceeded.
>1999 _MD
>5999 _MD
d,S	The tested object is being discharged.

3.7.2 Additional information

The meter measures the insulation resistance by applying to tested resistance R_x tested voltage U_ISO and measuring current I flowing through it, which is controlled from R_iso+ terminal side. In calculating the value of insulation resistance, the meter applies the technical method of resistance measurement ( R_x=U/I ). The test voltage is chosen from values: 100 V, 250 V, 500 V.

Inverter output current is limited at 1 mA level. The measurement result is correct, but on the test terminals the test voltage is lower than voltage selected before the measurement (as illustrated in figure below). Quite often current limitation may occur in the first phase of the measurement due to charging the capacity of the tested object.

3.8 Low-voltage resistance measurement

NOTE!

Do not connect to the meter voltage above 440 V DC as this can damage the instrument.

3.8.1 Test leads resistance compensation – auto-zeroing

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the Rcont Rx position.

② Set auto-zeroing according to the following algorithm.

R ◀▶ RCONT ◀▶ AUTO-ZERO

③ Close the test leads.

Illustration of a multimeter connected to a test probe with red and blue wires (no text or symbols)

④

Press START to commence the auto-zeroing.

⑤

When auto-zeroing is completed, the meter automatically goes to the "ready for measurement" screen.

• The AUTO-ZERO message is still displayed after switching to one of the measurement functions (resistance or continuity measurement) in order to indicate that the measurement is being made with compensated test leads resistance.
• To remove compensation, perform the activities described above but with open test leads. The AUTO-ZERO message will not be displayed in the measurement screen.

Additional information displayed by the meter

UdEt

Tested facility is live. The measurement is blocked. Immediately disconnect the meter from the facility (both leads).

3.8.2 Low-current resistance measurement

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the Rcont Rx position.

② If necessary, set the Rx measurement according to the following algorithm.

RCONT

AUTO-ZERO

R

③

The meter is ready for measurement.

④

Connect the test leads as shown in the figure.

⑤

Read the measurement result.

Additional information displayed by the meter

UdEt	Tested facility is live. The measurement is blocked. Immediately disconnect the meter from the facility (both leads).
NOISE!	Message (displayed after the measurement) indicates significant disturbances in the mains during measurement. The measurement result may include a large, unspecified error.
>1999。	Measurement range is exceeded.

3.8.3 Measurement of resistance of protective conductors and equipotential bonding with ±200 mA current

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the R_CONT R_x .

② If necessary, set the Rcont measurement according to the following algorithm.

RCONT ◀▶ AUTO-ZERO ◀▶ R

③

The meter is ready for measurement.

④

Simple electrical circuit diagram with two probes, a multimeter, and a red-and-blue wire (no text or symbols)

Connect the test leads as shown in the figure. The measurement starts automatically for resistance values below 100 Ω.

⑤

Read the measurement result.

The result is the arithmetic mean of the values of two measurements at a current of 200 mA with opposite polarities RCONT- and RCONT+.

$$ R = \frac {R - + R _ {\text { CONT } \in O}}{2} $$

Press ▶ to read additional results.

R_CONT – resistance measured with 200 mA negative polarity current

R_CONT+ – resistance measured with 200 mA positive polarity current

Press START to start the next measurement without disconnecting the test leads or to measure the resistance above >100 Ω.

Additional information displayed by the meter

UdEt	Tested facility is live. The measurement is blocked. Immediately disconnect the meter from the facility (both leads).
NOISE!	Message displayed after the measurement, it indicates significant divergences between the partial measurements (point 6The measurement result may include a large, unspecified error. Possible causes:too much disturbances in the measured object,instability of the object or of the meter's connection with the object (unreliable galvanic connection).
>400	Measurement range is exceeded.

3.9 Phase sequence

①

- Turn on the meter.

- Turn the rotary switch to position

②

Blinking digits indicate no or low voltage of the phases.

③

Connect test leads according to the drawing.

④

A set of lines displayed on the bargraph indicates the phase sequence:

• directed to the right - correct,

• directed to the left - opposite.

⑤

Individual phase-to-phase voltages may be read using ◀▶ buttons.

By pressing the ◀▶ buttons you can return to the display of the phase sequence.

4 Memory of measurement results

The meter has the memory for 10 000 individual measurement results. The whole memory is divided into 10 banks with 99 cells each. Due to dynamic memory allocation, each cell can contain a different number of individual results, depending on the needs. This ensures optimum memory use. Each result can be saved in a cell of a specified number and in a chosen bank, thus allowing the user to assign the cell numbers to measurement points, and the bank numbers to tested facilities, make the measurement in any sequence and repeat the measurements without losing other data.

The memory of measurement results is not cleared when the meter is switched off. The data can be read later or transmitted to a computer. The number of the current cell and bank is not changed, either.

• One cell can contain the results of measurements made for all measurement functions.
• After each entry of measurement result to a cell, the cell number is automatically increased. To enter the successive results relating to a given measurement point (facility) to one cell, set the correct cell number before each entry.
• Only the results of measurements activated with the START button can be entered to the memory (with exception of auto-zeroing in the low-voltage resistance measurement).
• It is recommended to clear the memory after reading the data or before a new series of measurements, results of which can be saved in the same cells as previous ones.

4.1 Entering the measurement results to the memory

After the measurement, press ENTER.

The meter is in the memory enter mode. Select the bank and cell number acc. To section 4.2 or leave the current ones.

Cell is empty.

Cell includes the same type of result that is to be entered.

Cell is occupied by the displayed type of measurement results.

Cell is occupied by the displayed types of measurement results.

③

Confirm by pressing ENTER.

④

An attempt to overwrite the results triggers the warning message.

⑤

Press ENTER to overwrite the result or ESC to abort.

The screen shown left appears for a moment accompanied by three short audio signals. Then, the meter again displays the last measurement result.

• In case of RCD's, this warning will be displayed also when an attempt is made to enter a given result type (component) of the measurement made at a different set I_ n current or for a different set RCD type (ordinary/ selective) than the results saved in this cell. Entering the results for a different _ h current or other RCD type will cause deletion of all previously saved results for a given RCD.
• The saved data include a complete set of results (main and additional) for a given measurement function plus the set measurement parameters.

4.2 Changing the cell and bank number

After the measurement, press ENTER. The meter is in the memory enter mode.

The cell number is flashing.

Use the ▲▼ arrows to change the cell number.

Use the SET/SEL button to set the active (flashing) cell or bank number.

The bank number is flashing.

Use the ▲▼ arrows to change the bank number.

4.3 Browsing the memory

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the MEM position.

The content of last saved cell is displayed.

The cell number is flashing.

The bank and cell number which you wish to browse is changed with the SET/SEL button and then with the ▲▼ arrows. If the cell/ bank number is flashing, it can be changed.

The sequence of saving the individual measurement results is given in the table below:

Measurement function(result group)	Component results
Z_L-N,L-L	Z_L-N or Z_L-L and U_L-N or U_L-L
	I_K
	R
	X_L
Z_L-PE or Z_L-PE RCD	Z_L-PE and U_L-PE
	I_K
	R
	X_L
R_E	R_E and U_n
	R_H
	R_S
	Er
RCD	U_B
	R_E
	t_A at 0.5 I_ n ,
	t_A at 0.5 I_ n ,
	t_A at 1 I_ n ,
	t_A at 1 I_ n ,
	t_A at 2 I_ n ,
	t_A at 2 I_ n ,
	t_A at 5 I_ n ,
	t_A at 5 I_ n ,
	t_A
	t_Ai (absence for RCD AUTO)
	t_Ai (absence for RCD AUTO)
	as above (12 rows) for pulsating current and .
R_ISO	R_ISO and U_N
	R_ISO and I
R_CONT	R_CONT
	R_CONT-
	R_CONT+

4.4 Clearing the memory

4.4.1 Clearing the bank

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the MEM position.

②

Set the number of bank to be cleared as described in sec. 4.2.

Set the cell number to (before 1). The message appears, signaling that the meter is ready to delete.

③

Press ENTER. The land symbols appear, requiring confirmation.

④

Press ENTER to start deleting or ESC to abort.

The deletion progress is shown on the screen as scrolling cell numbers. When deletion is completed, the meter generates three short audio signals and sets the cell number to 1.

4.4.2 Clearing the whole memory

①

• Switch on the meter.
• Set the rotary switch to the MEM position.

②

Set the bank number to (before 0). The DEL message appears, signaling that the meter is ready to delete.

③

Press ENTER. The [and symbols appear, requiring confirmation.

④

Press ENTER to start deleting or ESC to abort.

The deletion progress is shown on the screen as scrolling bank and cell numbers. When deletion is completed, the meter generates three short audio signals and sets the cell number to 1.

4.5 Communication with computer

4.5.1 Package for cooperation with computer

In order to ensure the communication of the meter with a computer, additional Bluetooth module and software is required. A program that may be used for this purpose is Sonel Reader. It allows users to read and display the measurement data stored in the meter memory. This program may be downloaded free from the manufacturer's website. Information on the availability of other programs cooperating with the meter may be obtained from the manufacturer or its authorized distributors.

The software may be used for many devices manufactured by SONEL S.A. which are equipped with the USB interface and/or wireless module.

Detailed information regarding software is available from the manufacturer or an authorized distributor.

4.5.2 Data transmission with Bluetooth module

Keeping the SET/SEL button depressed, switch on the meter and wait for the parameter selection screen to appear (see sec. 2.2).

Using buttons ◀▶ go to parameter bt.

Two gray rounded squares with white geometric shapes, one circled and two stacked vertically (no text or symbols)

Using buttons ▲▼ select on.

Press and hold ENTER to save the changes. From now on the symbol will be visible on the screen.

⑤ Connect Bluetooth module to the USB socket of the PC, unless it is integrated into the PC.
⑥ During the process of pairing the meter with a PC enter PIN code compatible with the PIN code of the meter defined in main settings.
⑦ On the computer start Sonel Reader.

Standard pin for Bluetooth is 1234. Settings in the meter according to section 2.2.

5 Troubleshooting

Before sending the instrument for repairs, call our service. Perhaps the meter is not damaged, and the problem has been caused by some other reasons.

The meter can be repaired only at outlets authorized by the manufacturer.

Troubleshooting of typical problems during the use of the meter is described in the table below.

Measurement function	Symptom	Cause	Action
All	The meter will not switch off with the 0 button.
	The bA1t symbol appears during voltage measurement.	Discharged or incorrectly placed batteries.	Check if the batteries are placed correctly; replace / charge the batteries. If this has not helped, send the meter for repair.
	The meter switches off during preliminary test.
	Measurement errors after the meter has been transferred from cold environment to warm and humid one.	No acclimatization.	Do not make measurement until the meter reaches the ambient temperature (about 30 minutes) and dries.
Fault loop and RCD	Successive results in the same measurement point are significantly different.	Incorrect connections in the tested installation.	Check and remove the defects.
		Mains with a lot of disturbance or unstable voltage.	Make more measurements, average the results.
Fault loop	The meter indicates the values close to zero or zero irrespective of the measurement location, and displayed values are significantly different than expected.	Incorrectly chosen test leads in the meter settings.
RCD	During the touch voltage or earth resistance measurement, the RCD trips (RCD trips at only 40% of the I_ n set).	I_ n set too high.	Set correct I_ n .
		Relatively high leakage currents in the installation.	Reduce the leakage currents.
		Defects in the installation.	Verify the correctness of N and PE connections.
	The RCD does not trip during the tripping test.	I_ n set too low.	Set correct I_ n .
		Incorrectly set current waveform.	Set correct current waveform.
		Damaged RCD.	test the RCD with the TEST button; replace if necessary.
		Defects in the installation.	Verify the correctness of N and PE connections.
	During the tripping current measurement, the rcd symbol is displayed even if the RCD has tripped.	The RCD tripping time is longer than the measurement time.	RCD should be considered defective.
	Large differences between repeated measurements of the RCD tripping time.	Pre-magnetization of the transformer core inside the RCD.	Normal for some direct action residual current devices. Try to make next measurements at reversed polarity of the residual current.
	Measurement of t_A or I_A is impossible.	Touch voltage generated during the t_A or I_A , measurement may exceed the safe voltage level – the measurement is automatically blocked.	Check connections in the protective conductor.
			Verify correct RCD selection in terms of rated residual current.
		I_ n set too high.	Set correct I_ n .
	Unstable U_B or R_E measurement results, i.e. successive results in the same measurement point are significantly different.	Significant leakage currents, highly variable.
	The PE symbol is not displayed even if the voltage between the contact electrode and the PE conductor exceeds the detector tripping threshold (about 50 V).	Contact electrode does not function well or the meter's input circuits are damaged.	Sent the meter for repair. Use of defective meter is not permitted.
		Rotary switch is not set correctly.	Contact electrode is active for the measurements of earth loop parameters and RCD, with the exception of the Z_L-N,L-L U_L-N,L-L function.

6 Power supply

6.1 Monitoring the power supply voltage

The batteries charging level is indicated by the symbol located in the top right-hand corner of the screen:

Batteries charged.

Batteries discharged.

Replace or charge the batteries!

Remember that:

• the bAt message on the display indicates insufficient power supply voltage and the need to replace or charge the batteries,
• the measurements made with the meter with insufficient power supply voltage have additional measurement error which is impossible to be estimated by the user.

6.2 Replacing the batteries

The power supply of the meter is from four LR6 alkaline batteries or four NiMH rechargeable batteries (size AA). The batteries are in an compartment in the bottom part of the casing.

WARNING

Before replacing the batteries, disconnect the test leads from the meter.

To replace the batteries:

1. Disconnect the leads from the measurement circuit and switch off the meter.
2. Unscrew the bolt fastening the battery compartment cover (in the bottom part of the casing).
3. Replace all batteries. Observe correct polarity when putting new batteries (“-” at the spring part of the contact plate). Reversed polarity of the batteries will not damage the meter or the batteries, but the meter will not work.
4. Put the cover in place and fasten it with the bolt.

NOTE!

• After replacement of batteries, set the power supply type in the main menu because correct charging level indication depends on this. Discharging characteristics of batteries and rechargeable batteries are different.
• If batteries leak in the compartment, send the meter to the service outlet.

Rechargeable batteries should be charged in an external charger.

6.3 General rules of using the Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) batteries

• If you are not going to use the instrument for a longer time, remove the rechargeable batteries and store them separately.
• Store the rechargeable batteries in a dry, cool and well ventilated place and protect them from direct sunlight. The long storage temperature should be below 30°C. If the batteries are stored long at high temperatures, the chemical processes may reduce their life.
• The NiMH rechargeable batteries usually withstand 500-1000 charging cycles. Such batteries achieve full capacity after forming (2-3 discharging and charging cycles). The most important factor which influences the battery life is the discharge level. The deeper the discharge level, the shorter the battery life.
• The memory effect appears in the NiMH batteries in a limited scope. These batteries can be re-charged without more serious consequences. It is, however, recommended to discharge them completely every few cycles.
• During the storage of the Ni-MH rechargeable batteries, they are subject to self-discharge process at the rate of about 30% a month. Keeping the batteries at high temperatures may accelerate this process even two times. In order not to allow an excessive discharging of the batteries (after which the forming will be needed), recharge the batteries once in a while (even unused batteries).
• Modern, fast chargers detect too low and too high temperature of the batteries and respond accordingly. If the temperature is too low, the charging process should not start as it might irrevocably damage a rechargeable battery. The battery temperature increase is a signal to stop the charging and is typical. In addition to faster temperature increase of a battery which will not be fully charged, charging at high ambient temperatures results, however, in a reduced life.
• Remember that with fast charging, the batteries are charged to about 80% of their capacity; better results can be achieved by continuing the charging process: the charger then goes into the small current charging mode and after a few hours the batteries are fully charged.
• Do not charge and do not use the batteries at extreme temperatures as they reduce the life of batteries. Avoid using the battery-powered devices in very hot places. The rated operating temperature must be observed at all times.

7 Cleaning and maintenance

NOTE!

Use only the maintenance methods presented by the manufacturer in this manual.

Clean the meter casing and the case with a wet cloth, using generally available detergents. Do not use any solvents and cleaning media which could scratch the casing (powder, paste, etc.).

The probes can be cleaned with water and then wiped dry. Before longer storage, it is recommended to lubricate the probes with any machine grease.

Clean the spools and leads with water and detergents, then wipe dry.

The meter electronic system is maintenance free.

8 Storage

When storing the instrument, observe the following recommendations:

• disconnect all leads from the meter,
  • thoroughly clean the meter and all accessories,
  • wind long test leads onto the spools,
• if you are not going to use the instrument for a longer time, remove the batteries,
  • during a prolonged storage recharge the batteries from time to time to prevent total discharging.

9 Dismantling and disposal

Used electric and electronic equipment should be collected selectively, i.e. not placed with other types of waste.

Used electronic equipment shall be sent to the collection point according to the Used Electric and Electronic Equipment Act.

Before sending the instrument to the collection point, do not dismantle any parts by yourself.

Observe local regulations on disposal of packagings and used batteries.

10 Technical data

10.1 Basic information

⇒ “m.v.” abbreviation in determination of accuracy means a standard measured value.

10.1.1 Voltage measurement

Range	Resolution	Accuracy
0.0...299.9 V	0.1 V	±(2% m.v. + 6 digits)
300...500 V	1 V	±(2% m.v. + 2 digits)

• Frequency range: 45...65 Hz

10.1.2 Frequency measurement

Range	Resolution	Accuracy
45.0...65.0 Hz	0.1 Hz	±(0,1% m.v. + 1 digit)

• Voltage distribution: 50...500 V

10.1.3 Z_L-PE , Z_L-N , Z_L-L fault loop impedance measurement

Zs fault loop impedance measurement

Measurement range according to IEC 61557:

Test lead	Measurement range Z_S
1.2 mWS-07	0.13...1999 Ω
5 m	0.17...1999 Ω
10 m	0.21...1999 Ω
20 m	0.29...1999 Ω
WS-03WS-04WS-05	0.19...1999 Ω

Display ranges:

Display range	Resolution	Accuracy
0...19.99 Ω	0.01 Ω	±(5% m.v. + 3 digits)
20.0...199.9 Ω	0.1 Ω	±(5% m.v. + 3 digits)
200...1999 Ω	1 Ω	±(5% m.v. + 3 digits)

• Rated operating voltage U nL-N / U nL-L : 220/380 V, 230/400 V, 240/415 V
  • Voltage operating range: 180...270 V (for Z_L-PE and Z_L-N ) and 180...460 V (for Z_L-L )
• Mains rated frequency f_n : 50 Hz, 60 Hz
  • Frequency operating range: 45...65 Hz
  • Maximum test current: 7.6 A for 230 V (4x10 ms), 13.3 A for 400 V (4x10 ms)
• Check of PE terminal connection correctness with the contact electrode (for Z_L-PE )

Readings of fault loop impedance Rs and fault loop reactance Xs

Display range	Resolution	Accuracy
0...19.99 Ω	0.01 Ω	±(5% + 5 digits) of Z_S value
20.0...199.9 Ω	0.1 Ω	±(5% + 5 digits) of Z_S value

• Calculated and displayed values Z s < 200 Ω

Readings of short-circuit current Iκ

Measurement ranges according to IEC 61557 can be calculated from the measurement ranges Z and rated voltages.

S

Display range	Resolution	Accuracy
0.110...1.999 A	0.001 A	Calculated on the basis of accuracy for the fault loop
2.00...19.99 A	0.01 A
20.0...199.9 A	0.1 A
200...9999 A	1 A

- Prospective fault current calculated and displayed by the meter may slightly differ from the value calculated by the user with a calculator, basing on the displayed value of the impedance, because the meter calculates the current from unrounded value of fault loop impedance (which is used for displaying). As the correct value, consider I_k current value, displayed by the meter or by firmware.

10.1.4 Z _L-PE fault loop impedance measurement RCD (without tripping the RCD)

Zs fault loop impedance measurement

Measurement range according to IEC 61557: 0.5...1999 Ω for the 1.2 m leads, WS-03, WS-04, WS-05 and WS-07, and 0.51...1999 Ω for the 5 m, 10 m and 20 m leads

Display range	Resolution	Accuracy
0...19.99 Ω	0.01 Ω	±(6% m.v. + 10 digits)
20.0...199,9 Ω	0.1 Ω	±(6% m.v. + 5 digits)
200...1999 Ω	1 Ω	±(6% m.v. + 5 digits)

• Does not trip the RCD's with I n ≥ 30 mA
• Rated operating voltage U n: 220 V, 230 V, 240 V
  • Voltage operating range: 180...270 V
• Mains rated frequency f_n : 50 Hz, 60 Hz
  • Frequency operating range: 45...65 Hz
• Check of PE terminal connection correctness with the contact electrode

Readings of fault loop impedance R_S and fault loop reactance X_S

Display range	Resolution	Accuracy
0...19.99 Ω	0.01 Ω	±(6% + 10 digits) of Zs value
20.0...199.9 Ω	0.1 Ω	±(6% + 5 digits) of Z_S value

- Calculated and displayed values Z_s<200

Readings of short-circuit current Iκ

Measurement ranges according to IEC 61557 can be calculated from the measurement ranges Z and rated voltages.

S

Display range	Resolution	Accuracy
0.110...1.999 A	0.001 A	Calculated on the basis of accuracy for the fault loop
2.00...19.99 A	0.01 A
20.0...199.9 A	0.1 A
200...9999 A	1 A

- Prospective fault current calculated and displayed by the meter may slightly differ from the value calculated by the user with a calculator, basing on the displayed value of the impedance, because the meter calculates the current from unrounded value of fault loop impedance (which is used for displaying). As the correct value, consider I_k current value, displayed by the meter or by firmware.

10.1.5 MPI-507 Measurement of earth resistance – 3-pole method ( R_E 3P)

The measurement method: 3-pole, in accordance with EN 61557-5

Range of measurement in accordance with IEC 61557-5: 0.63 Ω...1999 Ω for Un = 50 V.

Display range	Resolution	Accuracy
0.00...19.99 Ω	0.01 Ω	(3% m.v. + 5 digits)
20.0...199.9 Ω	0.1 Ω
200...1999 Ω	1 Ω	5% m.v.

☐ Measuring current at the short circuit: 15 mA.
☐ Measuring frequency: 125 Hz or 150 Hz.
☐ Selected test voltage: 25 V or 50 V.
☐ Maximum interference voltage for the R_E measurement: 24 V.

10.1.6 Measurement of the RCD parameters

☐ Rated operating voltage U n: 220 V, 230 V, 240 V
☐ Voltage operating range: 180...270 V
☐ Mains rated frequency f_n : 50 Hz, 60 Hz
☐ Frequency operating range: 45...65 Hz

RCD tripping test and t_A tripping time measurement (for t_A measurement function)

Measurement range according to IEC 61557: 10 ms ... to the upper limit of displayed value

RCD type	Multiplication factor setting	Measurement range	Resolution	Accuracy
general	0.5 I_in	0...300 ms	1 ms	± (2% m.v. + 2 digits)^1)
	1 I_in
	2 I_in	0...150 ms
	5 I_in	0...40 ms
selective	0.5 I_in	0...500 ms
	1 I_in
	2 I_in	0...200 ms
	5 I_in	0...150 ms

1) for I_In = 10 mA and 0.5 I_In the accuracy is ±(2% m.v. + 3 digits)
☐ Residual current feed accuracy:

for 1 I_In , 2 I_In and 5 I_In 0...8%

for 0.5 I _n ......-8..0%

RMS leakage current during the RCD tripping time measurement

I_n	Multiplication factor setting
	0.5		1		2		5
10	5	3.5	10	20	20	40	50	100
30	15	10.5	30	42	60	84	150	210
100	50	35	100	140	200	280	500
300	150	105	300	420
500	250	175	500

RE - protective conductor resistance for RCD

Selected RCD rated current	Measurement range	Resolution	Test current	Accuracy
10 mA	0.01 kΩ...5.00 kΩ	0.01 kΩ	4 mA	0....+10% m.v ±8 digits
30 mA	0.01 kΩ...1.66 kΩ		12 mA	0....+10% m.v. ±5 digits
100 mA	1 Ω...500 Ω	1 Ω	40 mA	0....+5% m.v. ±5 digits
300 mA	1 Ω...166 Ω		120 mA
500 mA	1 Ω...100 Ω		200 mA

Measurement of touch voltage U_B refererd to rated residual current

Measurement range according to IEC 61557: 10...50 V

Measurement range	Resolution	Test current	Accuracy
0...9,9 V	0.1 V	0.4 × I_ n	0...10% m.v. ± 5 digits
10.0...99.9 V			0...15% m.v.

RCD Ia tripping current measurement for sinusoidal residual current

Measurement range according to IEC 61557: (0.3...1.0)I _ n

Selected RCD rated current	Measurement range	Resolution	Test current	Accuracy
10 mA	3.0...10.0mA	0,1 mA	0,3 × I_ n...1,0 × I_ n	±5% I_ n
15 mA	4,5...15,0 mA
30 mA	9,0...30,0 mA
100 mA	30...100 mA	1 mA
300 mA	90...300 mA
500 mA	150...500 mA

- It is possible to start the measurement from positive or negative half-period of forced residual current

- Test current flow time .... max. 3200 ms

RCD I_A tripping current measurement for unidirectional pulsating residual current

Measurement range according to IEC 61557: (0.4...1.4) I_ n for I_ n ≥ 30 mA and (0.4...2) I_ n for I_ n = 10 mA

Selected RCD rated current	Measurement range	Resolution	Test current	Accuracy
10 mA	3.5...20.0 mA	0.1 mA	0.35 I_ n 2.0 I_ n	±10% I_n
15 mA	5.3...21.0 mA		0.35 I_ n 1.4 I_ n
30 mA	10.5...42.0 mA		0.35 I_ n 1.4 I_ n
100 mA	35...140 mA	1 mA
300 mA	105...420 mA

- It is possible to start the measurement from positive or negative half-period of forced residual current

- Test current flow time .... max. 3200 ms

10.1.7 MPI-506 MPI-507 Measurement of insulation resistance

Test range according to IEC 61557-2 for U_N = 100V : 100k 99.9M

Display range for UN = 100 V	Resolution	Accuracy
0...1999 kΩ	1 kΩ	±(5% m.v. + 8 digits)
2.00...19.99 MΩ	0.01 MΩ
20.0...99.9 MΩ	0.1 MΩ

Test range according to IEC 61557-2 for U_N = 250 V: 250 kΩ...199.9 MΩ

Display range for UN = 250 V	Resolution	Accuracy
0...1999 kΩ	1 kΩ	±(5% m.v. + 8 digits)
2.00...19.99 MΩ	0.01 MΩ
20.0...199.9 MΩ	0.1 MΩ

Test range according to IEC 61557-2 for U_N = 500 V: 500 kΩ...599.9 MΩ

Display range for UN = 500 V	Resolution	Accuracy
0...1999 kΩ	1 kΩ	±(5% m.v. + 8 digits)
2.00...19.99 MΩ	0.01 MΩ
20.0...599.9 MΩ	0.1 MΩ

• Test voltage: 100 V, 250 V, 500 V
- Accuracy of generated voltage (Robc [] ≥ 1000^* U_N[V] ): -0+10% from the set value
- Detection of a dangerous voltage before commencing a measurement
- Discharging the object tested
- Measurement of voltage on terminals +R ISO , -R ISO within the range of 0...440 V
• Test current <2 mA

10.1.8 Low-voltage continuity and resistance measurement

Continuity measurements of protective conductors and equipotential bonding with the ±200 mA current

Measurement range according to IEC 61557-4: 0.12...400 Ω

Range	Resolution	Accuracy
0.00...19.99 Ω	0.01 Ω	±(2% m.v. + 3 digits)
20.0...199.9 Ω	0.1 Ω
200...400 Ω	1 Ω

• Voltage on open terminals: 4...20 V
- Output current at R<2 Ω: min 200 mA (I _SC : 200...250 mA)
• Test leads resistance compensation
• Measurements for both current polarities

Low-current resistance measurement

Range	Resolution	Accuracy
0.0...199.9 Ω	0.1 Ω	±(3% m.v. + 3 digits)
200...1999 Ω	1 Ω

• Voltage on open terminals: 4...20 V
- Short-circuit current I _sc : 8...15 mA
• Audio signal for measured resistance < 30 Ω ± 50%
• Test leads resistance compensation

10.1.9 MPI-506 MPI-507 Phase sequence

• Phase sequence indication: correct, incorrect
• Range of mains voltage U L-L: 100...440 V (45...65 Hz)
  • Display of phase-to-phase voltages

10.2 Other technical specifications

a) Insulation type according to EN 61010-1 and IEC 61557.....double
b) Measurement category according to EN 61010-1 IV 300 V (III 600 V)
c) casing protection rating according to EN 60529....IP67
d) meter power supply ....LR6 alkaline batteries or AA size NiMH rechargeable batteries (4 pcs)
e) dimensions 220 x 102 x 61 mm
f) weight.....ca. 0.8 kg
g) storage temperature....-20...+70°C
h) operating temperature 0...+50°C
i) humidity....20..90%
j) reference temperature....+23 ± 2°C
k) reference humidity....40..60%
I) altitude (above sea level)....≤2000 m*
m) time to Auto-OFF....300, 600, 900 seconds or none
n) number of Z or RCD measurements (for rechargeable batteries) .....>5000 (2 measurements / minute)
o) display......LCD segment
p) measurement results memory 990 cells, 10 000 entries
q) transmission of results......Bluetooth
r) quality standard...... development, design and manufacture acc. to ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 45001
s) instrument conforming to IEC 61557
t) product meets the EMC requirements (resistance for industrial environments) according to the standards....EN 61326-1 and EN 61326-2-2

SONEL S.A. hereby declares that the radio device type MPI-502F/506/507 complies with Directive 2014/53/EU. The full text of the EU Declaration of Conformity is available at the following website address: https://sonel.pl/en/download/declaration-of-conformity/

10.3 Additional information

Information about additional uncertainty is useful mainly when the meter is used in untypical conditions and for the measurements laboratories during calibration.

10.3.1 Additional uncertainty according to IEC 61557-3 (Z)

Influencing value	Designation	Additional uncertainty
Location	E_1	0%
Supply voltage	E_2	0% (BAT is not displayed)
Temperature 0...35°C	E_3	1.2 m, WS-07 leads – 0 Ω5 m lead – 0.011 Ω10 m lead – 0.019 Ω20 m lead – 0.035 ΩWS-03, WS-04, WS-05 leads – 0.015 Ω
Phase angle 0...30° at the bottom of measurement range	E_6.2	0.6%
Frequency 99%...101%	E_7	0%
Mains voltage 85%...110%	E_8	0%
Harmonics	E_9	0%
DC component	E_10	0%

10.3.2 Additional uncertainty according to IEC 61557-4 (R ±200 mA)

Influencing value	Designation	Additional uncertainty
Location	E_1	0%
Supply voltage	E_2	0,5% (BAT is not displayed)
Temperature 0...35°C	E_3	1,5%

10.3.3 Additional uncertainty according to IEC 61557-6 (RCD)

I_A, t_A, U_B

Influencing value	Designation	Additional uncertainty
Location	E_1	0%
Supply voltage	E_2	0% (BAT is not displayed)
Temperature 0...35°C	E_3	0%
Electrodes resistance	E_5	0%
Mains voltage 85%...110%	E_8	0%

10.3.4 Influence of serial interference voltage on the resistance measurements for function R3P

R_E	U_N	Additional uncertainty [Ω]
0,00...10,00 Ω	25 V	±(0.001 R_E +0.01) U_Z +0.007 U_Z^2
	50 V	±(0.001 R_E +0.01) U_Z +0.004 U_Z^2
10.01...1999 Ω	25 V, 50 V	±(0.001 R_E +0.01) U_Z +0.001 U_Z^2

10.3.5 MPI-507 Influence of the auxiliary electrodes on earth resistance measurements for function R3P

RH, Rs	Additional uncertainty [%]
R_H ≤ 1.99 k R_S ≤ 1.99 k	± (_SR_S + 100000 · 150 + _H · 004,0R_E + ·s^-8 · R_H^2)

R [] , Rs[ ] and RH[ ] are values displayed by the device.

10.3.6 MPI-507 Additional uncertainties according to IEC 61557-5 (RP)

Significant parameter	Designation	Additional uncertainty
Position	E_1	0%
Supply voltage	E_2	0% (BAT is not lit)
Temperature	E_3	±0.2 digit/°C for R<1 kΩ±0,07%/°C ± 0,2 digit/°C for R≥1 kΩ
Serial interference voltage	E_4	According to the formulas shown in sec. 10.3.4(UN=3 V 50/60 Hz)
Resistance of auxiliary elec-trodes	E_5	According to the formula in sec. 10.3.5

11 Manufacturer

The manufacturer of the equipment and provider of service during and past the warranty period:

SONEL S.A.

Wokulskiego 11

58-100 Świdnica

Poland

tel. [phone] (Customer Service)

e-mail: [e-mail]

web page: www.sonel.com

NOTE!

Service repairs must be performed solely by the manufacturer.

NOTES

NOTES

NOTES

MEASUREMENT MESSAGES

NOTE!

The meter is designed for operation at rated phase voltages of 220 V, 230 V and 240 V and phase-to-phase voltages of 380 V, 400 V, 415 V.

Connecting voltage higher than allowed between any of the test terminals may damage the meter and cause a hazard to the user.

Measurements

NOISE!	Interference voltage occurs on the tested object. Measurement is possible but may be burdened with additional uncertainty.
READY	The meter is ready for measurement.
	Maximum temperature of the meter is exceeded. The measurement is blocked.
	Phase connected to N terminal instead of L terminal (for example, exchange of L and N in the mains socket).
---E na	An incompatible measurement adapter is connected to the meter.
EOO	Short-circuit loop of the meter is faulty.
Err	Error during measurement.
ErrU	Error during the measurement: loss of voltage after the measurement.
L-n	Voltage on terminals L and N is not within measurable range.
L-PE	Voltage on terminals L and PE is not within measurable range.
Ub	Safe contact voltage exceeded.
UdEt	The tested facility is live. The measurement is blocked. Immediately disconnect the meter from the object (both test leads).
ULn	Error in connection of N conductor.
RCD measurements
FAIL	RCD not in good working order.
PASS	RCD in good working order.
rcd	RCD did not trip or tripped too late.
turn rcdon	Switch on the RCD.
RE measurements
rH	Interruption in the current probe circuit..
rS	Interruption in the voltage probe circuit.
rHrS	Interruption in measuring circuit or resistance of test probes is higher than 2 kΩ.
Battery / rechargeable battery status
	Charged.
	Discharged.
	Completely discharged. Replace or recharge the batteries.

SONEL S.A.

Wokulskiego 11

58-100 Świdnica

Poland

Customer Service

tel.[phone]

e-mail: [e-mail]

www.sonel.com