TGF4242 - Generator Aim TTi - Free user manual and instructions

USER MANUAL TGF4242 Aim TTi

The TGF4000 Series of Arbitrary Function Generators This manual covers all four TGF4000 dual channel generators. Where there are differences in the specification, the limits for the TGF4042 & TGF4082 are shown in square brackets [ ] after the TGF4162 & TGF4242 limits. These programmable function/arbitrary generators use direct digital synthesis techniques to provide high performance and extensive facilities in a compact instrument. They generate a wide variety of waveforms with high resolution and accuracy. Sine waves are produced with low distortion to 160MHz/240MHz [40MHz/80MHz]. Square waves have fast rise and fall times at up to 100MHz [25MHz]. Linear ramp waves are produced to 5MHz. Ramp and square waves also have variable symmetry. The instruments generate high resolution, low jitter, variable edge time pulses to 100MHz [25MHz] with variable period, pulse width, pulse delay, pulse edges and amplitude. Complex custom waveforms can be generated with 16-bit [14-bit] resolution and a sampling rate of 800MSa/s [400MSa/s]. Up to four waveforms can be stored in internal memory. Waveforms can also be generated by the supplied Waveform Manager Plus V4.13 Windows application and downloaded to the instrument via USB, LAN or optional GPIB interfaces or via a USB flash drive. Front panel operation is straightforward and user friendly with all major parameters shown at all times on the large, bright, colour LCD. All major functions can be accessed with a single key or two. The knob or numeric keypad can be used to adjust frequency, amplitude, offset, and other parameters. Voltage values can be entered directly in Vpp or as high and low levels. Timing parameters can be entered in Hertz (Hz) or seconds. Internal AM, FM, PM, ASK, FSK, BPSK, SUM* and PWM modulation make it easy to modulate waveforms without the need for a separate modulation source. Linear and logarithmic sweeps are also built in, with sweep rates selectable from 1 µs to 500s. Burst mode operation allows for a user- selected number of cycles at each trigger event. LAN and USB interfaces are standard and there is full compliance to 1.5 LXI Device Specification

The instruments use a high stability temperature compensated internal oscillator and the external frequency reference input lets you synchronize to an external 10 MHz frequency standard for even greater accuracy.

*TGF4162 & TGF4242 only About this Guide This Quick Start guide is for bench-top use of the TGF4000 Series comprising the TGF4042,TGF4082, TGF4162 and TGF4242 dual channel generators. A full Instruction Manual (English only) is also provided on the Aim-TTi website that includes comprehensive explanations of all functions and additional information on remote control, calibration, and the detailed technical specifications.2 - Safety General 4 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

General This generator is a Safety Class I instrument according to IEC classification and has been designed to meet the requirements of EN61010−1 (Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use). It is an Installation Category II instrument intended for operation from a normal single phase supply. This instrument has been tested in accordance with EN61010−1 and has been supplied in a safe condition. This instruction manual contains some information and warnings which have to be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to retain the instrument in a safe condition. This instrument has been designed for indoor use in a Pollution Degree 2 environment in the temperature range 5°C to 40°C, 20% − 80% RH (non−condensing). It may occasionally be subjected to temperatures between +5° and −10°C without degradation of its safety. Do not operate while condensation is present. Use of this instrument in a manner not specified by these instructions may impair the safety protection provided. Do not operate the instrument outside its rated supply voltages or environmental range.

WARNING! THIS INSTRUMENT MUST BE EARTHED

Any interruption of the mains earth conductor inside or outside the instrument will make the instrument dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited. The protective action must not be negated by the use of an extension cord without a protective conductor. When the instrument is connected to its supply, terminals may be live and opening the covers or removal of parts (except those to which access can be gained by hand) is likely to expose live parts. The apparatus shall be disconnected from all voltage sources before it is opened for any adjustment, replacement, maintenance or repair. Any adjustment, maintenance and repair of the opened instrument under voltage shall be avoided as far as possible and, if inevitable, shall be carried out only by a skilled person who is aware of the hazard involved. If the instrument is clearly defective, has been subject to mechanical damage, excessive moisture or chemical corrosion the safety protection may be impaired and the apparatus should be withdrawn from use and returned for checking and repair. Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current and of the specified type are used for replacement. The use of makeshift fuses and the short−circuiting of fuse holders is prohibited. This instrument uses a Lithium button cell for non−volatile memory battery back−up; typical life is 5 years. In the event of replacement becoming necessary, replace only with a cell of the correct type, i.e. 3V Li/Mn0

20mm button cell type 2032. Exhausted cells must be disposed of carefully in accordance with local regulations; do not cut open, incinerate, expose to temperatures above 60°C or attempt to recharge. Do not wet the instrument when cleaning it and in particular use only a soft dry cloth to clean the LCD window.2 - Safety Symbols 5 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Symbols The following symbols are used on the instrument and in this manual:

Caution −refer to the accompanying documentation, incorrect operation may damage the instrument. Terminal connected to chassis ground. Mains supply OFF.

Front Panel Layout Ref. Short Description Function

Power Switch Switches instrument on or off. Safety Note: To fully disconnect from the AC supply, unplug the mains cord from the back of the instrument or switch off at the AC supply outlet; make sure that the means of disconnection is readily accessible.

Soft-keys Performs the function shown on the LCD soft-key label above.

Waveform Keys Selects the main waveform type (carrier waveform) as active. (Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise/PBRS or Arb.)

Other Menus Selects menus for internal and external file storage, instrument utilities, and trigger conditions.

Main Sockets Main output sockets. Channel 2 can also be configured to output Channel 1 sync from its MAIN OUT 2 socket.

Output Keys Switch the selected MAIN OUT on or off.

USB Flash Drive USB Host connector for USB Flash drive storage.3 - Operational Principles Rear Panel Layout 7 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Rear Panel Layout

Ref. Short Description Function

Modulation Input Input for external modulation of main waveforms.

Reference In / AC coupled frequency counter Input for external 10MHz reference clock and AC coupled external frequency measurement.

Trigger Input / DC coupled frequency counter Input for external triggering of main waveforms and DC coupled external frequency measurement

LAN connection Designed to meet LXI Core 2011.Remote control is possible using the TCP/IP Socket protocol.

USB connection Accepts a standard USB cable.

GPIB connection (optional) IEEE-488 The default GPIB address is 5.3 - Operational Principles Screen Layout 8 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Screen Layout Ref. Short Description Function

Channel Indicator Shows currently selected channel

Main Waveform type Shows current carrier waveform

Output State Shows main output On or Off

External Clock Indicator Shows status of external clock (if applied)

LAN Status Indicator Shows status of LAN (Ethernet) connection.

Menu Description Shows the currently selected editing menu.

Graph Box Shows a graphical representation of the selected waveform.

Soft-key Labels Shows the current functions for the six keys below.4 - Getting Started Initial Conditions 9 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

In order to familiarise the user with some of the basic functionalities of the instrument, a number of set-up examples are shown in this guide. It is recommended that all users should carry out the first four examples:

• Setting-up a Sine Wave Signal

• S etting-up a Square Wave Clock Signal

• S etting-up a Pulse Waveform

• S etting-up more Output Options A number of further set-up examples are provided that assume some familiarity with the instrument:

• Setting-up an arbitrary wave signal

• Setting-up an AM modulated Sine Waveform

• P RBS (TGF4162 & TGF4242)

• Frequency Modulation of a Sine Waveform

• F requency Sweep of a Sine Wave

• G enerating a Triggered Burst

• C oupling the Frequency of Both Channels

or more detailed information on all functionality - see the full Instruction Manual. Initial Conditions Before setting up the instrument for any of the examples, it should be returned to default conditions. To do this follow these steps:

• Press the hard key marked Utility

• Press the soft-key labelled System

• Press the soft-key labelled Default (display will show Restore Factory Default?)

• Press the soft-key labelled Yes This sets the main waveform to Sine (10kHz, 1V pk-pk) and cancels any modulations, sweep, or burst triggering or gating. NOTE The instrument can be set to remember its latest settings on power-off and restore them at power- on. This is set from the Utility > System menu and the PwrOn soft-key. This setting will be lost when the instrument is restored to default conditions as described above.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Sine Wave Signal 10 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

5. BASIC SET-UP EXAMPLES

Setting-up a Sine Wave Signal Requirement Output a continuous sine wave signal with 40MHz frequency and an amplitude of 6 volts pk-pk from MAIN OUT 1. Starting Conditions Before starting, reset the instrument to defaults as described in section 4 Getting Started Open Waveform Menu - Sine

• Press the hard key marked Waves

• Press the soft key labelled Sine5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Sine Wave Signal 11 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Set the Frequency The soft key labelled Freq will be highlighted - the current frequency appears in the edit box. Pressing this soft-key repeatedly changes its function between Frequency and Period.

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new frequency. Press the numbers 4 0 As soon as a number is entered, the soft-keys change to show units of frequency.

• Press the soft-key labelled MHz to confirm a frequency of 40MHz.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Sine Wave Signal 12 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Set the Amplitude

• Press the soft key labelled Ampl Successive presses of the Ampl soft-key changes the Ampl and Offset key labels to HiLvl (high level) and LoLvl (low level) and vice versa.

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new amplitude. Press the number 6 As soon as a number is entered, the soft-keys change to show units of voltage.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Sine Wave Signal 13 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

• Press the soft-key labelled Vpp to confirm a pk-pk amplitude of 6.0 volts. Turn the Output On

• Press Output 1 key to turn the channel 1 output On. The Output 1 key illuminates orange to indicate the on state.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Square Wave Clock Signal 14 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Setting-up a Square Wave Clock Signal Requirement Output a continuous square wave clock signal with 20MHz frequency, 50% duty cycle and a high level of 3.3V and a low level of 0.0 volts from MAIN OUT 1. Starting Conditions Before starting, reset the instrument to defaults as described in section 4 Getting Started Open Waveform Menu - Square

• Press the hard key marked Waves

• Press the soft-key labelled Square. +5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Square Wave Clock Signal 15 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Set the Frequency The soft key labelled Freq will be highlighted - the current frequency appears in the edit box. Pressing this soft-key repeatedly changes its function between Frequency and Period.

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new frequency. Press the numbers 2 0 As soon as a number is entered, the soft-keys change to show units of frequency.

• Press the soft-key labelled MHz to confirm a frequency of 20MHz. The graph box changes to show the rise time on the edges which is now significant.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Square Wave Clock Signal 16 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Confirm the Duty Cycle

• Press the soft-key labelled Duty - the current duty cycle appears in the edit box. The duty cycle is already set at 50%, but could be changed here if required. Set the High and Low Levels

• Press the soft-key labelled Ampl - the key label changes to HiLvl and the current high level voltage appears in the edit box. Successive presses of the Ampl soft-key changes the Ampl and Offset key labels to HiLvl (high level) and LoLvl (low level) and vice versa.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Square Wave Clock Signal 17 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide When the soft-key is labelled HiLvl - the current high level voltage appears in the edit box.

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new level. Press the numbers 3 . 3 As soon as a number is entered, the soft-keys change to show units of voltage.

• Press the soft-key labelled V to confirm a high level of 3.3 volts.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Square Wave Clock Signal 18 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

• Press the soft-key labelled LoLvl - the current low level voltage appears in the edit box.

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new level. Press 0

• Press the soft-key labelled V to confirm a low level of 0.0 volts. Turn the Output On

• Press Output 1 key to turn the channel 1 output On. The Output 1 key illuminates orange to indicate the on state5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Square Wave Clock Signal 19 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Making live changes to any numeric parameter (e.g. Frequency) Numeric parameters can be changed by using the cursor keys and spin wheel as an alternative to the numeric keypad.

• Press the hard key marked Waves

• Press the soft-key labelled Square.

• Press the soft-key labelled Freq – the current frequency value of 20.0MHz is displayed

• Press the Cursor hard keys to move the edit highlight to the second digit.

• Use the spin wheel to change the value – the frequency is changed immediately. NOTE Press to activate/ deactivate the spin wheel.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Pulse Waveform 20 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Setting-up a Pulse Waveform Requirement Output a continuous pulse signal with 100ns period, 30ns pulse width, 20ns edge times and a high level of 2.7V and a low level of -0.6 volts from MAIN OUT 1. Starting Conditions Before starting, reset the instrument to defaults as described in section 4 Getting Started Open Waveform Menu - Pulse

• Press the hard key marked Waves

• Press the soft-key labelled Pulse.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Pulse Waveform 21 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Set the Period

• Press the soft-key labelled PlsFrq so that it changes to PlsPer - the current period appears in the edit box. Pressing this soft-key repeatedly changes its function between Frequency and Period.

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new period. Press the numbers 1 0 0 As soon as a number is entered, the soft-keys change to show units of time.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Pulse Waveform 22 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

• Press the soft-key labelled ns to confirm a period of 100ns. The graph box changes to show a representation of the pulse and edge times. Set the Pulse Width

• Press the soft-key labelled Duty - the key label changes to Width and displays the width as a time5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Pulse Waveform 23 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new width. Press the numbers 3 0. As soon as a number is entered, the soft-keys change to show units of time.

• Press the soft-key labelled More

• Use the cursor keys to select the digit representing units of 10ns

• Use the spin wheel to change the value to 20.0ns

The value could have been entered using the numeric keypad if preferred.

• Press the soft-key labelled Done5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Pulse Waveform 25 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Set the High and Low Levels

• Press the soft-key labelled Ampl - the key label changes to HiLvl and the current high level voltage appears in the edit box Successive presses of the Ampl soft-key changes the Ampl and Offset key labels to HiLvl (high level) and LoLvl (low level) and vice versa.

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new level. Press the numbers 2 . 7 . As soon as a number is entered, the soft-keys change to show units of voltage.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Pulse Waveform 26 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

• Press the soft-key labelled V to confirm a high level of 2.7 volts.

• Press the soft-key labelled LoLvl - the current low level voltage appears in the edit box.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up a Pulse Waveform 27 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

• Use the numeric keypad to enter a new level. Press - . 6

• Press the soft-key labelled V to confirm a low level of -600 mV.

• Press Output1 key to turn the channel 1 output On. The Output 1 key illuminates orange to indicate the on state5 - Basic Set-up Examples Setting-up more Output Options 28 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Setting-up more Output Options Requirement In the earlier set-up examples it was shown how the output menu is used to set the output level (amplitude plus offset or high level plus low level) and turn the output on or off. This example demonstrates the setting of output phase, output polarity, load impedance and voltage auto-range. Starting Conditions Before starting, reset the instrument to defaults as described in section 4 Getting Started Open the Output Menu

• Press the soft-key marked Output5 - Basic Set-up Examples Requirement 29 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Change the Output Phase The soft-key labelled Phase will be selected as default.

• Enter a phase of -45 degree. The set phase angle is the point in the waveform period which is coincident with the Sync or trigger edge, i.e. it is the point in the period at which the waveform starts. Hence a negative phase setting advances, and a positive phase setting delays the waveform relative to the Sync or trigger; the waveform in the graph box changes to show this. The Align soft-key is used to re-align phase when making frequency changes. Change the Output Polarity

• Press the soft-key labelled Type to invert the output polarity. Successive presses of the type key alternates between normal and inverted.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Requirement 30 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Change the Load Impedance

• Press the soft-key labelled Load

• Press the soft-key labelled Load again to change the load impedance to High-z (high impedance). The default load impedance is 50 Ohms, but that this could be changed to any impedance between 50 and 10,000 Ohms. Levels are calculated based upon this impedance. Successive presses of the Load key alternates between a numeric value and High-z. Note that the amplitude readout increases to 2 volts pk-pk.

• Press the soft-key labelled Load to return the load impedance to 50 Ohms.5 - Basic Set-up Examples Requirement 31 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Changing the Range

• Press the soft-key labelled Range

• Press the soft-key labelled Range again to change the range from Auto to Hold.

Auto mode auto-ranges in 6dB attenuator steps (i.e. ‘range’ maximums of 10Vpp, 5Vpp, 2.5Vpp, etc., into 50Ω), with the amplitude range limited to 6dB to maintain waveform quality. Selecting Hold mode disables auto-ranging; the attenuator setting is fixed and the amplitude range is no longer limited. With range set to Auto the amplitude and attenuators will switch automatically and optimal performance will be realised. With range set to Hold a fixed attenuator setting is used for all amplitude settings.6 - Exploring the Generator Capabilities Setting-up an arbitrary wave signal 32 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

6. EXPLORING THE GENERATOR CAPABILITIES

In the following examples only the parameter settings are described, together with the related key names. The resultant output waveforms are shown, along with the sync or trigger waveform where relevant. Output amplitude and offset settings are examples only and need not be followed. Setting-up an arbitrary wave signal Start with the instrument returned to Default Settings. MENU

Setting Output State Output1 On6 - Exploring the Generator Capabilities Setting-up an AM modulated Sine Waveform 33 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Setting-up an AM modulated Sine Waveform Start with the instrument returned to Default Settings. . Parameter Soft-key Name Setting Frequency

100kHz Depth Depth 100% Source Source Internal Shape Shape Sine Modulation state On/Off

Setting Output State Output1

Setting Output State Output1 On6 - Exploring the Generator Capabilities Frequency Modulation of a Sine Waveform 35 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Frequency Modulation of a Sine Waveform Start with the instrument returned to Default Settings. MENU

Modulation Frequency

Setting Output State Output1 On6 - Exploring the Generator Capabilities Pulse Width Modulated Waveform (PWM) 36 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Pulse Width Modulated Waveform (PWM) Start with the instrument returned to Default Settings. MENU

Setting Output State Output1

Note that the second trace is the output from the main Output 2 socket when Channel 2 is synchronised which follows the modulating waveform signal.6 - Exploring the Generator Capabilities Frequency Sweep of a Sine Wave 38 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Frequency Sweep of a Sine Wave Start with the instrument returned to Default Settings. MENU

Setting Output State Output1 On6 - Exploring the Generator Capabilities Generating a Triggered Burst 39 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Generating a Triggered Burst Start with the instrument returned to Default Settings. Parameter Soft-key Name Setting Frequency

Setting Output State Output1

Note that the second trace is the output from the Main Output 2 socket when Channel 2 is synchronised which follows the trigger input signal.6 - Exploring the Generator Capabilities Coupling the Frequency of Both Channels 40 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Coupling the Frequency of Both Channels Start with the instrument returned to Default Settings. MENU

Setting Output State Output 1

Output State Output 2

Note that, when channel 1 is set to 1MHz, channel 2 is also set to 1MHz. The 90 degree phase shift between the channels can be seen.6 - Exploring the Generator Capabilities Frequency counter 41 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide Frequency counter Start with the instrument returned to Default Settings. MENU

The Edit Box shows the current measurement. With no input signal at the selected input, the counter displays ‘No signal’ until an adequate input signal is applied. When an adequate input signal is applied, the counter constantly measures and displays the reading in the Edit Box.7 - Maintenance Cleaning 42 TGF4000 Series Quick Start Guide

The Manufacturers or their agents overseas will provide a repair service for any unit developing a fault. Where owners wish to undertake their own maintenance work, this should only be done by skilled personnel in conjunction with the service guide which may be obtained directly from the Manufacturers or their agents overseas. Cleaning If the instrument requires cleaning use a cloth that is only lightly dampened with water or a mild detergent. WARNING! TO AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK, OR DAMAGE TO THE INSTRUMENT, NEVER ALLOW WATER TO GET INSIDE THE CASE. TO AVOID DAMAGE TO THE CASE NEVER CLEAN WITH SOLVENTS.0 - Table des matières

Waveforms Standard waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp (Variable Symmetry), Triangle (50% Ramp symmetry), Positive Ramp (100% Ramp symmetry), Negative Ramp (0% Ramp symmetry), Pulse, Noise (Gaussian), DC, Sin(x)/x, Exponential Rise, Exponential Fall, Logarithmic Rise, Logarithmic Fall, Haversine, Cardiac, Gaussian, Lorentz, D- Lorentz and 4 User Defined Arbitrary Waveforms. Dozens of useful pre-built arbitrary waveforms are also supplied on the website: www.aimtti.com

PRBS Sine Frequency range: 1µHz to 40MHz 1µHz to 80MHz 1µHz to 160MHz 1µHz to 240MHz Frequency resolution:

Hz, 15 digits Output level (into 50Ω): ≤50MHz 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p ≤100MHz 10mVp-p to 4Vp-p Duty cycle: 0.001% to 99.999%, 0.001% resolution Rise and fall times (typical): ≤ 4p-p 10ns, fixed 3ns, fixed ≥ 4p-p 5ns, fixed Aberrations (typical): ±5% of amplitude Jitter (RMS): <30ps (cycle to cycle) Ramp Frequency range: 1µHz to 5MHz Frequency resolution: 1µHz, 13 digits Output level (into 50Ω): 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p Linearity error: <0.1% to 100kHz <0.1% to 200kHz Variable symmetry: 0.00% to 100.00%, 0.01% resolution Pulse Frequency range: 1mHz to 25MHz 1mHz to 100MHz Frequency Resolution: 1mHz, 11 digits 1mHz, 12 digits Output level (into 50Ω): ≤ 50MHz 10mVp-p to 10Vp−p 10mVp-p to 10Vp−p ≤ 100MHz 10mVp-p to 4Vp-p Aberrations (Typical): ±5% of amplitude (for transition time 10ns) ±3% of amplitude (for transition time 20ns) <±2% of amplitude (for transition time > 40ns) ±5% of amplitude (for transition time 5ns) ±3% of amplitude (for transition time 10ns) <±2% of amplitude (for transition time > 20ns)7 - Specification

Jitter RMS: <30ps (cycle to cycle) Rise and Fall Times: Range: ≤ 4Vp-p 8ns to 799.999999984s (10% to 90%) 3ns to 799.999999989s (10% to 90%) Range: > 4Vp-p 5ns to 799.999999989s (10% to 90%) Resolution: 100ps Accuracy: ±500ps ±0.01% of period Rise and Fall times can be independently varied or can be varied together simultaneously. Width: Range: ≤ 4Vp-p 20ns to 999.999999980s 5ns to 999.999999995s Range: > 4Vp-p 10ns to 999.999999990s Resolution: 100ps Accuracy: ±200ps ±0.01% of period Duty: 0.001% to 99.999%, 0.01% resolution Delay: Range: 0ns to 999.99999996s 0ns to 999.99999998s Resolution: 100ps Accuracy: ±200ps ±0.01% of period Delay can be entered as absolute delay or phase. Arbitrary In built arbitrary waveforms (Sin(x)/x, Exponential Rise, Exponential Fall, Logarithmic Rise, Logarithmic Fall, Haversine, Cardiac, Gaussian, Lorentz and D- Lorentz). Up to 4 user-defined waveforms may be stored in non-volatile memory. Waveforms can be defined by downloading of waveform data via remote interfaces or from the instrument’s front panel. Waveform Memory Size: 8192 points Vertical Resolution: 14 bits 16 bits Frequency Range: In built 1µHz to 2MHz

Hz to 4MHz User defined 1µHz to 40MHz 1µHz to 80MHz Frequency Resolution: In built 1µHz, 13 digits User defined 1µHz, 14 digits Output Level (into 50Ω): 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p Sampling rate: 400Msa/s 800MSa/s Point to Point Jitter (Typical): 2.5ns 1.25ns Rise and Fall Times: <8ns <5ns for 100MHz filter <8ns for 62.5MHz filter Effective Analogue Bandwidth (-3dB): 50MHz 62.5MHz, 100MHz, User Selectable Noise Gaussian White Noise: Noise can also be used as modulating waveform. Bandwidth (-3dB): 50MHz 100MHz Noise crest factor (Vp/Vrms):

Output Level (into 50Ω): 10mVp-p to 10Vpp PRBS (TGF4162 & TGF4242 only) Bit Rate

1µbps to 100Mbps, 1µbps resolution Sequence Length:

2m – 1, where m = 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, 23, 29 or 31 Rise and Fall Times (Typical): ≤ 4Vp-p

5ns, Fixed Output Level:

10mVp-p to 10Vpp into 50Ω Harmonic Output (TGF4162 & TGF4242 only) Harmonic waveforms can be defined and stored in user-defined arbitrary waveform locations. Frequency Range:

1µHz to 80MHz Frequency Resolution:

1µHz, 14 digits Harmonic Order: - 1 to 50, Up to 16 different harmonics order can be defined Harmonic Amplitude: - 0.0% to 100.0% of output amplitude, 0.1% resolution Harmonic Phase:

-360.0 to +360.0 degrees, 0.1 degree resolution Output level (into 50Ω):

Modulation AM (Amplitude Modulation) Normal & Suppressed Carrier Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise, Arb

PRBS Maximum Carrier Frequency: 25MHz, subject to carrier waveform 50MHz, subject to carrier waveform. Modulation Source: Internal/External Internal Modulating Waveforms: Sine, Square, Positive Ramp, Negative Ramp, Triangle, Gaussian Noise, DC, Sinc, Exponential Rise, Exponential Fall, Logarithmic Rise, Logarithmic Fall, Haversine, Gaussian, Lorentz, D-Lorentz, Cardiac and User Defined Arbs

PRBS-PN7, PN9, PN11, PN15, PN20, PN23, PN29, PN31 Internal Modulating Frequency: 1µHz to 10MHz, 1µHz resolution Amplitude Depth: 0.00% to 100.00%, 0.01% resolution FM (frequency modulation) Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Arb Modulation Source: Internal/External Internal Modulating Waveforms: Sine, Square, Positive Ramp, Negative Ramp, Triangle, Gaussian Noise, DC, Sinc, Exponential Rise, Exponential Fall, Logarithmic Rise, Logarithmic Fall, Haversine, Gaussian, Lorentz, D-Lorentz, Cardiac and User Defined Arbs.

PRBS-PN7, PN9, PN11, PN15, PN20, PN23, PN29, PN31 Internal Modulating Frequency: 1µHz to 10MHz, 1µHz resolution Frequency Deviation: DC to Fmax/2, 1µHz resolution PM (phase modulation) Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Arb Modulation Source: Internal/External Internal Modulating Waveforms: Sine, Square, Positive Ramp, Negative Ramp, Triangle, Gaussian Noise, DC, Sinc, Exponential Rise, Exponential Fall, Logarithmic Rise, Logarithmic Fall, Haversine, Gaussian, Lorentz, D-Lorentz, Cardiac and User Defined Arbs.

PRBS-PN7, PN9, PN11, PN15, PN20, PN23, PN29, PN31 Internal Modulating Frequency: 1µHz to 10MHz, 1µHz resolution Phase Deviation: -360.000 to +360.000 degrees, 0.001 degree resolution ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise, Arb

PRBS Maximum Carrier Frequency: 25MHz, subject to carrier waveform. 50MHz, subject to carrier waveform. Source: Internal/External (via TRIG IN) Internal Modulation: 2mHz to 10MHz (50% duty cycle square) FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Arb Source: Internal/External (via TRIG IN) Internal Modulation: 2mHz to 10MHz (50% duty cycle square) BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Arb Modulation Source: Internal/External (via TRIG IN) Internal Modulation: 2mHz to 10MHz (50% duty cycle square) PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Carrier Waveforms: Pulse Modulation Source: Internal/External Internal Modulating Waveforms: Sine, Square, Positive Ramp, Negative Ramp, Triangle, Gaussian Noise, DC, Sinc, Exponential Rise, Exponential Fall, Logarithmic Rise, Logarithmic Fall, Haversine, Gaussian, Lorentz, D-Lorentz, Cardiac, and User Defined Arbs

Hz resolution Pulse Width Deviation: 0% to 100% of pulse width, 0.01% resolution7 - Specification

SUM (Additive Modulation) (TGF4162 & TGF4242 only) Carrier Waveforms:

Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise, PRBS, Arb Maximum Carrier Frequency:

50MHz, subject to carrier waveform. Modulation Source:

Internal/External Internal Modulating Waveforms: - Sine, Square, Positive Ramp, Negative Ramp, Triangle, Gaussian Noise, DC, Sinc, Exponential Rise, Exponential Fall, Logarithmic Rise, Logarithmic Fall, Haversine, Gaussian, Lorentz, D-Lorentz, Cardiac, PRBS-PN7, PN9, PN11, PN15, PN20, PN23, PN29, PN31 and User Defined Arbs. Internal Modulating Frequency:

0% to 100%, 0.01% resolution Triggered Burst Each active edge of the trigger signal will produce one burst of the waveform. Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Arb: A fixed number of cycles, specified as number of cycles are generated at every trigger event. Noise: Noise is reset to its start condition at every trigger event. Allows generating same random noise sequence.

PRBS: A fixed number of bits, specified as number of cycles are generated at every trigger event Maximum Carrier Frequency: 25MHz (finite cycles), Fmax(infinite), subject to carrier waveform. 50MHz (finite cycles), Fmax(infinite), subject to carrier waveform. Number of Cycles: 1 to 2147483647 and infinite. Trigger Repetition Rate: Internal 2mHz to 25MHz 2mHz to 50MHz External DC to 1MHz Trigger Signal Source: Internal from keyboard or trigger generator. External from TRIG IN or remote interface. Trigger Start/Stop Phase: -360.000 to +360.000 degrees, 0.001 degree resolution. Phase off-set cannot be set for Noise and PRBS waveforms. Gated Waveform will run while the Gate signal is true and stop while false. Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise, Arb

PRBS Maximum Carrier Frequency: 25MHz, subject to carrier waveform. 50MHz, subject to carrier waveform. Trigger Repetition Rate: Internal 2mHz to 25MHz 2mHz to 50MHz External DC to 1MHz Gate Signal Source: Internal from keyboard or trigger generator. External from TRIG IN or remote interface. Gate Start/Stop Phase: -360.000 to +360.000 degrees, 0.001 degree resolution. Phase offset cannot be set for Noise and PRBS waveforms Sweep Frequency sweep capability is provided for both standard and arbitrary waveforms Carrier Waveforms: Sine, Square, Ramp, Arb Sweep Mode: Linear or logarithmic, triggered or continuous. Sweep Direction: Up or Down Sweep Range: From 1

Hz to Fmax. Phase continuous. Independent setting of the start and stop frequency. Sweep Time:

s to 500s (9 digit resolution). Sweep Trigger Source: The sweep may be free run or triggered from the following sources: Internal from keyboard or trigger generator. Externally from TRIG IN input or remote interface. External trigger repetition rate: DC to 1MHz7 - Specification

Trigger Generator Internal Source Rate or Frequency: 20ns to 500s or 2mHz to 50MHz square waves adjustable in 10ns steps. 40ns to 500s or 2mHz to 25MHz square waves adjustable in 10ns steps. Resolution: 10ns, 11 digits Each channel has its own trigger generator. Channel 1 trigger is available for external use from the MAIN OUT 2 socket when Channel 2 is configured to output Channel 1 sync waveform and sync source is set to trigger. Dual-channel operations Tracking Independent (Off): The channels are independent of each other. Equal: The two channels are identical and behave identically. Coupling Frequency coupling: The frequencies of the two channels can be coupled. Changing the frequency of one channel changes the frequencies of both channels. Amplitude (and DC Offset) coupling: Amplitude (and DC offset) of the two channels can be coupled. Changing the amplitude and offset on one channel changes the amplitude and offset of both channels. Output coupling: Output On/Off can be coupled. Switching the output On/Off on one channel switches the output On/Off of both channels. Characteristics Relative phase: -360.000 to 360.000 degrees, 0.001 degree resolution (Phase offset cannot be set for Noise) Channel to channel Skew (typical): <1ns (when performing identical operations) Crosstalk (typical): <-80db External Frequency Measurement Function: Frequency, Period, Positive Width, Negative Width, Duty Cycle Frequency Range: AC coupled 3Hz to >125MHz DC coupled 100mHz to >125MHz Source: AC coupled

Outputs Main Outputs Output Impedance: 50Ω Amplitude (Sine): 20mVp-p to 20Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p into 50

≤ 50MHz 20mVp-p to 20Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p into 50

≤ 80MHz 20mVp-p to 10Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 5Vp-p into 50Ω 20mVp-p to 20Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p into 50Ω ≤ 120MHz 20mVp-p to 10Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 5Vp-p into 50

≤ 240MHz 20mVp-p to 5Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 2.5Vp-p into 50Ω Amplitude (Pulse): 20mVp-p to 20Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p into 50Ω ≤ 50MHz 20mVp-p to 20Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 10Vp-p into 50Ω ≤ 100MHz 20mVp-p to 8Vp-p open circuit, 10mVp-p to 4Vp- p into 50Ω Amplitude can be specified open circuit (hi Z) or into an assumed load of 1Ω to 10kΩ in Vpp Amplitude Accuracy: 1.5% ±5mV at 1kHz into 50Ω DC Offset Range: ±10V. DC offset plus signal peak limited to ±10V from 50Ω. DC Offset Accuracy: Typically 1% ±50mV. Resolution: 3 digits or 1mV for both Amplitude and DC Offset. Sync Output Channel 2 can be configured to output Channel 1 sync from its MAIN OUT 2 socket. Sync is a multi-function output which is automatically selected to be any of the following. Alternatively, the user can choose Sync to always be carrier referenced, to output the currently used trigger signal or turn it off. Carrier Waveform Sync: Sine / Square / Ramp / Pulse / Arbs ≤ 28.125MHz A square wave with 50% duty cycle at the waveform frequency. ≤ 80MHz A sine wave at the waveform frequency. ≤ 62.5MHz A square wave with 50% duty cycle at the waveform frequency. ≤ 240MHz A sine wave at the waveform frequency. Pattern A positive pulse which is 1 bit rate wide at the beginning of the sequence Noise No sync associated with noise. Modulation Sync: AM/FM/PM/SUM/ PWM A square wave with 50% duty cycle referenced to the internal modulation waveform when modulation source is internal, or a square wave referenced to the carrier waveform when modulation source is external. No sync is associated with Noise and DC waveforms as the modulation source. ASK A square wave referenced to the trigger rate. The sync is a TTL high when hop amplitude is the output amplitude and TTL low when carrier amplitude is the output amplitude for positive slope and vice versa for negative slope. FSK A square wave referenced to the trigger rate. The sync is a TTL high when hop frequency is the output frequency and TTL low when carrier frequency is the output frequency for positive slope and vice versa for negative slope. BPSK A square wave referenced to the trigger rate. The sync is a TTL high when the hop phase is the output phase and TTL low when carrier phase is the output phase for positive slope and vice versa for negative slope. Sweep Sync: A square wave that is a TTL high from the beginning of the sweep and a TTL low from the midpoint of the sweep Burst Sync: Internal Trigger A square wave with 50% duty cycle at the trigger frequency. External Trigger A square wave with same duty cycle and frequency as the external source. Manual Trigger A positive pulse which is approximately 18us wide at the beginning of the event. Trigger: Selects the current trigger signal Output Signal Level: Logic level nominally 3V Output Impedance: 50Ω7 - Specification

For details, request the EU Declaration of Conformity for this instrument via http://www.aimtti.com/support (serial no. needed). General specifications apply for the temperature range 5°C to 40°C. Accuracy specifications apply for the temperature range 18°C to 28°C after 30 minutes warm-up, at maximum output into 50Ω. Typical specifications are determined by design and are not guaranteed. MODEL:

TGF4042 TGF4082 TGF4162 TGF4242

Ref Clock Output Buffered version of the 10MHz clock currently in use (internal or external) Output Level: Nominally 3V logic level from 50Ω. Inputs Trigger / Count (DC) Input For ASK, FSK, BPSK, triggered sweep, gated burst, triggered burst and DC coupled external frequency measurement. Frequency Range: Trigger Input DC – 1MHz Counter Input 100mHz to >125MHz Signal Range: Threshold typically 1.2V; Sensitivity 100mVpp (≤50MHz), 250mVpp (>50MHz) Maximum input +5V / -1V. Minimum Pulse Width (Trigger Input): 50ns Polarity (Trigger Input): Selectable as high/rising edge or low/falling edge. Input Impedance: 10kΩ External Modulation Input For AM, FM, PM, SUM and PWM Voltage Range: ± 2.5V full scale Input Impedance: 5kΩ typical Bandwidth: DC to 5MHz Ref Clock / Count (AC) Input Input for an external 10MHz reference clock and AC coupled external frequency measurement. Voltage Range: ≤50MHz 100mVpp – 5Vpp >50MHz 250mVpp – 5Vpp Maximum Voltage: +10V Minimum Voltage: -10V Interfaces Full digital remote control facilities are available through LAN, USB and optional GPIB interfaces. LAN Interface Ethernet 100/10base – T hardware connection. 1.5 LXI Device Specification 2016 USB Interface Standard USB 2.0 hardware connection. Implemented as virtual-COM port. USB Flash Drive For waveform and set-up storage/recall. GPIB (optional) Conforming with IEEE488.1 and IEEE488.2 General Display:

4.3 inch (10.9 cm) transflective backlit TFT LCD, 480 x 272 pixels, 262144 colours, adjustable

brightness and contrast. Data Entry: Keyboard selection of mode, waveform etc.; value entry direct by numeric keys or by rotary control. Stored Settings: Up to 9 complete instrument set−ups may be stored and recalled from internal memory. Size: Bench Top: 97mm height; 250mm width; 295mm depth Rack mount: 86.5mm (2U) height; 213.5mm (½−rack) width; 269mm depth Weight: 3.2kg Power: 100-240VAC ±10% 50/60Hz ; 100-120VAC ±10% 400Hz ; 60VA max. Installation Category II. Operating Range: +5°C to 40°C, 20−80% RH. Storage Range: −20°C to + 60°C. Environmental: Indoor use at altitudes up to 2000m, Pollution Degree 2. Options: 19 inch rack mounting kit. Safety & EMC: Complies with EN61010−1 & EN61326-1. For details, request the EU Declaration of Conformity for this instrument via http://www.aimtti.com/support (serial no. needed).EXCELLENCE THROUGH EXPERIENCE Aim-TTi is the trading name of Thurlby Thandar Instruments Ltd. (TTi), one of Europe’s leading manufacturers of test and measurement instruments. The company has wide experience in the design and manufacture of advanced test instruments and power supplies built up over more than thirty years. The company is based in the United Kingdom, and all products are built at the main facility in Hunngdon, close to the famous university city of Cambridge.

TRACEABLE QUALITY SYSTEMS

TTi is an ISO9001 registered company operang fully traceable quality systems for all processes from design through to nal calibraon. ISO9001:2015 Cercate number FM 20695

WHERE TO BUY AIM-TTI PRODUCTS

Aim-TTi products are widely available from a network of distributors and agents in more than sixty countries across the world. To nd your local distributor, please visit our website which provides full contact details. Designed and built in Europe by: Thurlby Thandar Instruments Ltd. Glebe Road, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire. PE29 7DR United Kingdom Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone] Email: [e-mail] Web: www.aimtti.com *48591-10* *01*