KR-375 - Electronic musical instrument ROLAND - Free user manual and instructions

USER MANUAL KR-375 ROLAND

Section 1. Receive data

M Channel Voice Messages © Note off Slatus 2ndbye Srdbyie 8H KH ww 9nH KH 00H MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch16) 00H-7FH (0-127) 00H-7FH (0-127)

wv = note off velocity. note number + For Drum Parts, these messages are received when Rx.NOTE OFF = ON for each Instrument

• The velocity values of Note Off messages are ignored. © Note on Status Andbyes Srdbyte 9nH EH ww MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch16) 00H-7FH (0-127) OH-7FH (1-127)

wv = note on velocity note number

• Not received when Rx.NOTE MESSAGE = OFF. (Initial value is ON) + For Drum Paris, not received when Rx.NOTE ON = OFF for each Instrument. © Polyphonic Key Pressure Saw Zndbyes Adbye AnH KkH ww MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch16) 00H-7FH (0-127) 00H-7FH (0-127)

wv = key pressure note number

• Not received when Rx. POLY PRESSURE (PAP) = OFF. (Initial value is ON)
• The resulting effect is determined by System Exclusive messages. With the initial set- tings, there will be no effect. © Control Change When Rx.CONTROL CHANGE = OFF, all control change messages except for Channel Mode messages will be ignored. The value specified by a Control Change message will not be reset even by a Program Change, etc. O Bank Select (Controller number 0, 32) Status 2ndbytes rdbyte BnH 00H mmH BnH 20H uH n= MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm, ll = Bank number: 00H, 00H-7FH, 7FH (bank.1-bank.16384), Initial Value = 00 0H (bank:1) Not received when RkBANK SELECT = OFF. “Rx.BANK SELECT” is set to OFF by “Turn General MIDI System On," and set 10 ON by “GS RESET." (Power-on default value is ON) Bank Select processing will be suspended until a Program Change message is received. The GS format “Variation number” is the value of the Bank Select MSB (Controller number 0) expressed in decimal. O Modulation (Controller number 1) Status 2ndbytes rdbyte BnH OH vvH MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch16) wv = Modulation depth _:00H-7FH (0-127)

• Not received when Rx.MODULATION = OFF. (Initial value is ON)
• The resulting effect is determined by System Exclusive messages. With the initial set- tings, this is Pitch Modulation Depth. Model: KR375 Date: Mar.1.1998 Version: 1.00 9 Portamento Time (Controller number 5) Siatus 2ndbytes Srdbyle BnH 05H vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv = Portamento Time: 00H-7FH (0-127) Initial value = 00H (0) This adjusts the rate of pitch change when Portamento is ON or when using the Portamento Control. A value of 0 results in the fastest change. O Data Entry (Controller number 6, 38) Status 2ndbytes 3rdbyle BnH 06H mmH BnH 26H uH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm, Il = the value of he parameter specified by RPN/NRPN 9 Volume (Controller number 7) Siatus 2ndbytes Srdbyle BnH 07H vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) 'olume : 00H-7FH (0-127) Initial Value = 64H (100) Volume messages are used to adjust the volume balance of each Part. + Not received when Rx. VOLUME = OFF. (Initial value is ON) O Pan (Controller number 10) Status 2ndbyte BnH oAH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv= pan :00H40H-7FH (Left-Center-Righb) Initial Value = 40H (Center) For Rhythm Parts, this is a relative adjustment of each Instrument's pan setting, + Notreceived when Rx.PANPOT = OFF. (Initial value is ON) 9 Expression (Controller number 11) Siatus 2ndbytes 3rdbyle BnH 0BH vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) xpression 00H-7FH (0127), Initial Value = 7FH (127) I can be used independently from Volume messages. Expression messages are used for musical expression within a performance; e.g, expression pedal movement, crescendo and decrescendo. + Not received when Rx.EXPRESSION - OFF. (Initial value is ON) O Hold 1 (Controller number 64) Status 2ndbytes 3rdbyte BnH 40H vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) O00H-7FH (0127) ontrol value + Notreceived when Rx HOLDI = OFF. (Initial value is ON) 9 Portamento (Controller number 65) Siatus 2ndbytes 3rdbyle BnH 41H vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) O0H-7FH (0-127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON ontrol value
• Not received when Rx PORTAMENTO = OFF. (Initial value is ON) 9 Sostenuto (Controller number 66) Status 2ndbytes Srdbyle BnH 4H vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv = Control value O0H-7FH (0-127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON + Not received when RxSOSTENUTO = OFF. (Initial value is ON)

O Soft (Controller number 67) Status 2ndbyies ardbyte BnH 43H vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv= Control value O0H-7FH (0-127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON + Notreceived when Rx.SOFT = OFF. (Initial value is ON) O Portamento control (Controller number 84) Status 2ndbyies ardbyte BnH sax KKH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) Kk = source note number _: 00H:7FH (0-127)

• A Notc-on received immediately after a Portamento Control message will change con- in pitch, starting from the pitch of the Source Note Number. If a voice is already sounding for a note number identical 10 the Source Note Number, this voice will continue sounding (Le, legato) and will, when the next Note-on is received, smoothly change Lo the pitch of that Note-on. The rate of the pitch change caused by Portamento Control is determined by the Portamento Time value. Example 1 On MIDI (Description) Result 90 3C 40(Note on C4) Con 80 54 3C(Portamento Control from C4) 90 40 40(Note on F4) no change (C4 voice still sunding) glide from C4 to E4 80 3C 40(Note off CA) no change 80 40 40(Note off E4) Eaoif Example 2 On MIDI (Description) Result B0 54 3C(Portamento Control from C4) no change 90 40 40(Note on F4) E4 is played with glide from C4 to E4 80 40 40(Note off E4) Ed off O Effect 1 (Reverb Send Level) (Controller number 91) Status 2ndbyies ärdbyte BnH 5BH vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv= Control value O0H-7FH (0-127) Initial Value = 28H (40)
• This message adjusts the Reverb Send Level of each Part. O Effect 3 (Chorus Send Level) (Controller number 93) Status 2ndbyies ärdbyte BnH SDH vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv= Control value O0H-7FH (0-127) Initial Value = 00H (0)
• "This message adjusts the Chorus Send Level of each Part. O NRPN MSB/LSB (Controller number 98, 99) Status 2ndbyies ardbyte BnH 63H mmH BnH éH uH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm = upper byte of the parameter number specified by NRPN 11 lower byte of the parameter number specified by NRPN + NRPN can be received when Rx.-NRPN = ON. “Rx.NRPN” is set 10 OFF by power-on reset or by receiving “Turn General MIDI System On,” and it is set to ON by “GS RESET."

• The value set by NRPN will not be reset even if Program Change or Reset AIl Controllers is received. NRENS The NRPN (Non Registered Parameter Number) message allows an extended range of con- ol changes to be used. To use these messages, you must first use NRPN MSB and NRPN LSB messages Lo specifÿ the parameter to be controlled, and then use Data Entry messages to specifÿ the value of te specified parameter, Once an NRPN parameter has been specified, all Data Entry mes- sages received on that channel will modify the value of that parameter. To prevent acci- dents, it is recommended that you set RPN Null (RPN Number = 7FH/7FH) when you have finished setting the value of the desired parameter. Refer to Section 4. Supplementary material “Examples of actual MIDI messages” <Example 4> (page 12). On the GS devices, Data entry LSB (1H) of NRPN is ignored, so it is no problem to send Data entry MSB {mmH) only (without Data entry LSB) On the KR375, NRPN can be used to modify the following parameters. NRPN Dataentry MSBLSB MSB OIH08H mmH Description Vibrato rate (relative change on specified channel) mm : OEH-40H-72H(50 - 0 - +50) Vibrato depth (relative change on specified channel) mm : OEH-40H-72H(50 - 0 - +50) Vibrato delay (relative change on specified channel) mm : OEH-40H-72H(50 - 0 - +50) FIVE eutoff frequency (relative change on specified channel) mm : OEH-40H-72H(50 - 0 - +50) TTVF resonance (relative change on specified channel) mm : OEH-40H-72H(50 - 0 - +50) TVF&TVA Env Attack time (relative change on specified chan- nel mm : OEH-40H-72H(50 - 0 - +50) TVF&TVA Env-Decay time (relative change on specified chan- nel) mm : OEH-40H-72H(50 - 0 - +50) TVF&TVA Env Release time (relative change on specified chan- nel mm : OEH-40H-72H(50 - 0 - +50) Pitch coarse of drum instrument (relative change on specified drum instrument) re: Key number of drum instrument mm : 00H-40H-7FH(63 - 0 - +63 semitone) TVA level of drum instrument (absolute change on specified drum instrument) re: Key number of drum instrument mm : 0H-7FH(zer0-maximum) Panpot of drum instrument (absolute change on specified drum instrument) 2: Key number of drum instrument mm : 00H, OTH-AOH-7FH(Ramdom, Left-Center-Right) Reverb send level of drum instrument (absolute change on spec- ified drum instrument) re: Key number of drum instrument mm: OIH-7FH(zer0-maximum) Chorus send level of drum instrument (absolute change on spec- ified drum instrument) re: Key number of drum instrument mm: OIH-7FH(zer0-maximum) OH OH mm DIHOAH mm DH 20H mm DHAH mb OH 63H mmH OIH6IH mmH OH 66H mmH 18H mmH LAHH mm CH mmH 1DHmH mmH EH mmH + Parameters marked ‘relative change” will change relative to the preset value. + Parameters marked absolute change” will be set Lo the absolute value of the parameter, regardless of the preset value. O RPN MSB/LSB (Controller number 100, 101) Status andbytes ardbyte BnH 65H mmH BnH 61H uH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm = upper byte of parameter number specified by RPN 11 = lower byte of parameter number specified by RPN + Notreceived when RxRPN = OFF. (Initial value is ON)
• | The value specified by RPN will not be reset even by messages such as Program Change or Reset AII Controller.

eRPNe The RPN (Registered Parameter Number) messages are expanded control changes, and each function of an RPN is described by the MIDI Standard. To use these messages, you must first use RPN MSB and RPN LSB messages 10 specify the parameter Lo be controlled, and then use Data Entry messages 10 specifÿ Ihe value of the specified parameter, Once an RPN parameter has been specified, all Data Entry messages received on that channel will modify the value of that parameter, To prevent accidents, it is recommended that you set RPN Null (RPN Number = 7FH/7FH) when you have finished setting 1he value of the desired parameter. Refer to Section 4. “Examples of actual MIDI messages” <Example 4> (page 12). On the KR375, RPN can be used to modify the following parameters. RPN Data entry. MSBLSB 00H 00H Explanation Pitch Bend Sensitivity mm : 00H-18H(0-24 semitones) Initial Value = 02H (2 semitones) Il: ignored (processed as 00h) specify up to 2 octaves in semitone steps O0H 01H mmH IH Master Fine Tuning mm, I : 00 00H - 40 00H - 7F 7FH (-100 - 0 - +99.99 cents), Initial Value = 40 00H (0 cent) Il: ignored (processed as 00h) specify up to 2 octaves in semitone steps Refer to 4. Supplementary material, “About tuning” (P-13) 00H 02H mmH— Master Coarse Tuning mm : 28H - 40H - SBH(-24 - 0 - +24 semitones), Initial Value = 40H (0 cent) 11: ignored (processed as 00h) JFH7FH —— RPNnull Set condition where RPN and NRPN are unspecified. The data entry messages after set RPN null will be ignored. (No Data entry messages are required after RPN null) Settings already made will not change. mm, IL: ignored © Program Change Status 2ndbytes CH ppH MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch16) pp = Program number :00H-7FH (prog-1-prog:128) Not received when Rx. PROGRAM CHANGE = OFF. (Initial value is ON) After a Program Change message is received, the sound will change beginning with the next Note-on, Voices already sounding when the Program Change message was received will not be affected. For Drum Parts, Program Change messages will not be received on bank numbers 129- 16384 (the value of Control Number 0 is other than 0 (00H). © Channel Pressure Status Andbytes DnH wH n= MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) wv = Channel Pressure :00H-7FH (0-127) *_ Not received when Rx.CH PRESSURE (CAS) = OFF. (Initial value is ON)

• The resulting effect is determined by System Exclusive messages. With the initial set- tings there wil be no effect. © Pitch Bend Change Status 2ndbyée Srdbytes EnH LH mmH n= MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) mm, ll = Pitch Bend value : 00 00H - 40 00H - 7F 7FH (-8192 - 0 - +8191)

• Not received when Rx.PITCH BEND = OFF. (Initial value is ON)
• The resulting effect is determined by System Exclusive messages. With the initial set- Lings the effect is Pitch Bend. EH Channel Mode Messages © All Sounds Off (Controller number 120) Status 2ndbyte 3rdbytes BnH 78H 00H n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) When this message is received, all currently-sounding notes on the corresponding chan- nel will be turned off immediately © Reset All Controllers (Controller number 121) Status 2ndbyte 3rdbytes BnH 79H 00H n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) When {his message is received, the following controllers wil be set to their reset values. Controller Reset value Pitch Bend Change +-0 (Center) Polyphonic Key Pressure 0 (off) Channel Pressure 0 (off) Modulation 0 (off) Expression 127 (max) Hold 1 0 (off) Portamento 0 (off) Sostenuto 0 (off) Soit 0 (off) RPN unset; previously set data will not change NRPN unset; previously set data will not change © All Notes Off (Controller number 123) Status 2ndbyte 3rdbytes BnH 78H 00H n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) + When Al Notes Of is received, all notes on the corresponding channel will be turned off. However if Hold 1 or Sostenuto is ON, the sound will be continued until these are turned off. © OMNI OFF (Controller number 124) Siatus 2ndbyte rdbytes BnH 7CH 00H n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) The same processing will be carried out as when AI Notes Of is received. © OMNI ON (Controller number 125) Status BnH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) + OMNION is only recognized as “AI notes off”; the Mode doesn't change (OMNI OFF remains). © MONO (Controller number 126) Status 2ndbyte 3rdbytes BnH 7EH mmH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch:1-ch.16) mm = mono number :00H-10H (0-16) The same processing will be carried out as when All Sounds Off and AI Notes Off is received, and the corresponding channel will be set to Mode 4 (M = 1) regardless of the value of “mono number."

© POLY (Controller number 127) Status 2ndbvie rdbytes BnH 7FH 00H n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16)

• The same processing will be carried out as when All Sounds Off and All Notes Off is received, and the corresponding channel will be set to Mode 3. H System Realtime Message © Active Sensing Status FEH When Active Sensing is received, the unit wil begin monitoring the intervals of all fur- ther messages. While monitoring, if the interval between messages exceeds 420 ms, the same processing will be carried out as when All Sounds Off, AI Notes Off and Reset AI Controllers are received, and message interval monitoring wil be halted. m System Exclusive Message Status Databyle Status FOH üH, ddH,.…eeH FH F0H System Exclusive Message status äi = ID number an ID number (manufacturer ID) to indicate the manufacturer whose Exclusive message this is. Roland's manufacturer ID is 1H. 1D numbers 7EH and 7FH are extensions of the MIDI standard; Universal Non-realtime Messages (7EH) and Universal Reaime Messages (/FH) dd,...ee = dat: 00H-7FH (0-127) F7H EOX (End Of Exclusive) ‘The System Exclusive Messages received by the KR375 are; messages related to mode set- tings, Universal Realtime System Exclusive messages and Data Set (DT1). © System exclusive messages related to mode settings These messages are used Lo initialize a device to GS or General MIDI mode, or change the operating mode, When creating performance data, a Turn General MIDI System On” mes- sage should be inserted at the beginning of a General MIDI score, and a “GS Reset” mes- sage at the beginning of a GS music data. Each song should contain only one mode mes- sage as appropriate for the type of data. (Do not insert wo or more mode setting messages in a single song) “Tu General MIDI System On and “Turn General MIDI System Off” use Universal Non- realtime Message format. “GS Reset” use Roland system exclusive format “Data Set 1 TD." O Turn General MIDI System On This is a command message that resets he internal settings of the unit to the General MIDI initial state (General MIDI System-Level 1). After receiving this message KR375, wil auto- matically be set to the proper condition for correctly playing a General MIDI score. Status Data byte Status FOH 7EH,7FH,OH,O1H FH Bite Explanaton FH Exdusive status JEH ID number (Universal Non-realtime Message) 7FH Device ID (Broadcast) œoH Sub ID#1 (General MIDI Message) oH Sub ID#2 (General MIDI On) FH EOX (End Of Exclusive) + When this message is received, RxBANK SELECT will be OFF and Rx.NRPN will be OFF. + There must be an interval of at least 50 ms between {his message and the next message. O General MIDI System Off Status Data byte Status

• There must be an interval of at least 50 ms between {his message and the next. O GS reset GS Reset is a command message hat resets [he internal settings of a device to the GS initial state. This message will appear at the beginning of GS music data, and a GS device that receives {his message will automatically be set to the proper state Lo correctly playback GS music data Status Data byte Status FOH 41H, 10H, 42H, 12H, 40H, 00H, 7FH, 00H, 41H FH Bvte Explanation F0H Exclusive status 4H ID number (Roland) 10H Device ID (dev: 00H-1FH (1-32), Initial value is 10H (17)) 42H Model ID (GS) LH Command ID (DT1) 404 Address MSB 00H Address 7FH Address LSB 00H Data (GS reset) 4H Checksum F7H EOX (End Of Exclusive)

• When this message is received, Rx.NRPN will be ON.

• | The lower byte (1H) of Master Volume will be handied as 00H.

O Identity Request Message © Control Change Status Databyte Status O Bank Select (Controller number 0, 32) FH 7FH,10H,06H, OH FH Status 2ndbyts Ardbyte BnH 00H mm Bye Explanation BnH 204 nu FH Exclusive status 7FH ID number (universal realtime message) n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) 10H Device ID mm, Il = Bank number: 00H-7FH (bank.1-bank: 16384) 06H Sub ID#1 (General Information) en . rene Request) O Volume (Controller number 7) En xclusive) Status 2ndbytes 3rdbyte BnH 7H wH The “dev” is own device number or 7FH (Broadcast) n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) vv = Volume : 00H:7FH (0-127) @ Data transm KR375 can receive the various parameters using System Exclusive messages. ‘The exclusive message of GS format data has à model ID of 42H and a device ID of 10H 9 Hold 1 (Controller number 64) (7), and itis common to all the GS devices. Status Andbytes 3rdbyte BnH 40H vvH n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) O Data set 1 DT wv = Control value O0H-7FH (0-127) This is the message that actually performs data transmission, and is used when you wish to transit the data. O Sostenuto (Controller number 66) Slt ndbyes Srdbyie Sat Databyie Status pen oH en FH 41H, 10H, 42H, 12H, aaH, bbH, ccH, ddH,… eeH,sum F7H n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) Este Explanation vv = Control value Q0H-7FH (0-127) 0-63 = OFF, 64-127 = ON FH Exclusive status nn an Rond 9 Soft (Controller number 67) D CRETE 12H Command ID (DT1) Bai sh vH sh Ares MS pere fe rt ds fie ant das à = MIDI channel number à OHLFH (he) ess: middle byte of {he starting address of the transmitted data al eue GBA (A2 cc Address LSB: lower byte of the starting address of the transmitted data adH Data: the actual data to be transmitted, Multiple bytes of data are transmitted 9 Effect 1 (Reverb Send Level) (Controller number 91) starting from the address. Stat Andbytes rdbyie eH Data BnH sBH wvH sum Checksum FH EOX (End Of Exclusive) n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) wv = Control value O0H-7FH (0-127) + The amount of data that can be transmitted at one time depends on the type of data, and data can be received only from the specified starting address and size. Refer Lo the 9 Effect 3 (Chorus Send Level) (Controller number 93) Address and Size given in Section 3 (page 6). Status 2ndbyes Srdbyie + Data larger than 128 bytes must be divided into packets of 128 bytes or less. If “Data Set BnH sDH wH 1" is transmitted successively, there must be an interval of at least 40 ms between pack- ets. n = MIDI channel number : OH-FH (ch.1-ch.16) + Regarding the checksum please refer Lo section 4 (page 12). wv = Control value O0H-7FH (0-127) © Program Change

ID = 42H) This map indicates address, size, Data (range), Parameter, Description, and Default Value of parameters which can be transferred using and “Data set 1 (DT1)." All the numbers of address, size, Data, and Default Value are indicated in 7-bit Hexadecimal-form. M Address Block map {An outlined address map of {he Exclusive Communication is as follows; Address(H) Block 40 00 00 + — Î SYSTEM PARAMETERS Î rndividual 40 01 37 + —— A0 1x 00 ———— | PART PARAMETE | rndividual 40 2x Sa + A1 m0 00 + ! Individual l Bulk 480110 + l Bulk 48 1D0r + 49 m0 00 + ' Bulk 49 me 17 + There are two ways in which GS data is transmitied: Individual Parameter Transmission in which individual parameters are transmitted one by one, and Bulk Dump Transmis. which a large amount of data is transmitted at once.

M Individual Parameters Individual Parameter Transmission transmits data (or requests data) for one parameter as one exclusive message (one packet of “FO … F7) In Individual Parameter Transmission, you must use the Address and Size listed in the following “Parameter Address Map.” Addresses marked at “# cannot be used as starting addresses. © System Parameters Parameters related to the system of he device are called System Parameters. Address (H) Size (H) Data (H Parameter Default Value (H) Description 40 00 00 000004 O018-07E8 MASTER TUNE 100.0 - +100.0 [cent] 00 04 00 00 0 cent] 400001 Use nibblized data. 40 00 02# 40 00 08# + Refer to section 4. Supplementary material, “About tuning” (page 13).

• The sum total of voices in the voice reserve function must be equal to or less than the number of the maximum polyphony. The maximum polyphony of the KR375 is 64. For compatibility with other GS models, it is recommended that the maximum polyphony be equal or less than 24. 4001 30 000001 0007 REVERB MACRO 00: Room 1 œ Hall2 01: Room 2 02: Room 3 03: Hall 1 04: Hall 2 05: Plate 06: Delay 07: Panning Delay 400131 000001 0007 REVERB CHARACTER 07 œ 4 400132 000001 00-07 REVERB PRE-LPF 07 00 o

Part 1 (MIDI ch = 1) x=1

401x 12 000001 0001 Rx. SOFT OFF/ON oi oN 401x18 000001 0001 MONO/POLY MODE Mono/Poly oi Poly (= CC# 126 O1 / CH 127 00) 40x14 000001 0002 ASSIGN MODE 0=SINGLE O0at x =0 SINGLE at x = 0 1 = LIMITED-MULTI OL at x #0 LIMITED-MULTI at x 2= FULL-MULTI ASSIGN MODE is the parameter that determines how voice assignment will be handled when sounds overlap on identical note numbers in the same channel (Le, repeatedly struck notes). This is initialized 10 a mode suitable for each Par, so for general purposes {here is no need to change this. 401x15 000001 0002 USE FOR RHYTHM PART 0=OFF 00 at x #0 OFF at x #0 1=MAPI OLatx=0 MAPI at x #0 2=MAP2 This parameter sets the Drum Map of the Part used as the Drum Part, KR375 can simultaneously (in different Parts) use up to two Drum Maps (MAP1, MAP2). With the initial settings, Part10 (MIDI CH = 10, x = 0) is set to MAP1 (1), and other Parts are set to normal instrumental Parts (OFF (0). 401x16 000001 2858 PITCH KEY SHIFT 24 - +24 [semitones] 4 0 Isemitones] 401x17 000002 O8FS PITCH OFFSET FINE 20-120 1H2] 0800 otHz] 40 1x 18# Use nibblized data. PITCH OFFSET FINE allows you Lo alter, by a specified frequency amount, the pitch at which notes will sound. This parameter differs from the conventional Fine Tuning (RPN #1) parameter in that the amount of frequency alteration (in Hertz) will be identical no matter which note is played. When a multiple number of Parts, each of which has been given a different setting for PITCH OFFSET FINE, are sounded by means of an identical note number, you can obtain a Celeste effect 401x 19 000001 007F PART LEVEL 0127 a 100 ECC? 40 1x 1A 000001 007F VELOCITY SENSE DEPTH 0127 40 a 40118 000001 007F VELOCITY SENSE OFFSET 0127 30 a 40 1C 000001 007F PART PANPOT 64 (RANDOM), -63 (LEFT) - +63 (RIGHT) 40 0 (CENTER) {= CC# 10, except RANDOM) 401 1D 000001 007F KEY RANGE LOW (C--(G9) 00 ci AO IE 000001 007F KEY RANGE HIGH (C--(G9) 7 G9 A0 1F 000001 00-5F CCI CONTROLLER NUMBER 095 10 16 401x20 000001 CC2 CONTROLLER NUMBER 095 1 17 40121 000001 CHORUS SEND LEVEL 0127 00 o CCH93) 401x22 000001 007F REVERB SEND LEVEL 0127 28 40 cc#91) 401x23 000001 0001 Rx BANK SELECT OFF/ON 01 (00°) ON (FF) + Rx. BANK SELECT is set 10 ON by power-on or by receiving “GS RESET," and will be set OFF when ‘Turn General MIDI System On” is received. 40x24 000001 0001 Rx BANK SELECT LSB OFF/ON 00 OFF

PANPOT {= NRPN# 28, except RANDOM)

Multiplicand of the part reverb depth

Multiplicand of the part chorus depth OFF/ON OFF/ON

Section 4. Supplementary material

© Decimal and Hexadecimal table In MIDI documentation, data values and addresses/sizes of exclusive messages etc. are expressed as hexadecimal values for each 7 bits The following table shows how these correspond to decimal numbers. Decimal values such as MIDI channel bank select, and program change are listed as one {) greater than the values given in the above table A 7-bit byte can express data in the range of 128 steps. For data where greater precision is required, we must use two or more bytes. For example, two hexadecimal numbers aa bbH expressing wo 7-bit bytes would indicate a value of aa x 128 + bb. In the case of values which have a & sign, 00H = -64, 40H = 40, and 7FH = +63, s0 that the decimal expression would be 64 less than the value given in the above chart. In the case of two types, 00 00H = -8192, 40 00H = 40, and 7F 7FH = +8191. For example if aa bbH were expressed as decimal, this would be aa BbH - 40 00H = aa x 128 + bb - 64 x

Data marked nibbled” is expressed in hexadecimal in d-bit units. A value expressed as à 2-byte nibble 0a ObH has the value of a x 16 + D. <Example 1> What is the decimal expression of 5AH ? From ihe preceding table, SAH = 90 <Example 2> What is the decimal expression of the value 12 34H given as hexadecimal for each 7 bits? From the preceding table, since 12H = 18 and 4H = 52 18128 + 52-2356 <Example 3> What is the decimal expression of the nibbled value OA 03 09 0D ? From the preceding table, since QAH = 10, 031 (AOx 16 + 3) x 16 + 9) x 16 + 13 = 41885 3,09H 9, 0DH = 13 <Example 4> What is the nibbled expression of the decit

Since from the preceding table, 0 = 00H, 4 = 04H, 14 = OEH, 10 = OAH, the answer is 00 04 0E OAH. © Examples of actual MIDI messages <Example 1> 92 3E 5F 9n is the Note-on status, and n is the MIDI channel number. Since 2H = 2, 3EH = 62, and SFH = 95, is is a Note-on message with MIDI CH = 3, note number 62 (note name is D4), and velocity 95.

<Example 2> CE 49 CnH is the Program Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. Since EH = 14 and 49H = 73, this is a Program Change message with MIDI CH = 15, program number 74 (Flute in GS) <Example 3> EA 00 28 EnH is the Pitch Bend Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number, The 2nd byte (00H = 0) is the LSB and the 3rd byte (28H = 40) is the MSB, but Pitch Bend Value is a signed number in which 40 00H (= 64 x 128 + 0 = 8192) is 0, so this Pitch Bend Value is 28 00H - 40 00H = 40 x 128 + 0 - (64 x 128 + 0) = 5120 - 8192 = -3072 If the Pitch Bend Sensitivity is set to 2 semitones, -8192 (00 00H) will cause the pitch to change -200 cents, so in this case -200 x (3072) / (-8192) = -75 cents of Pitch Bend is being applied to MIDI channel 11 <Example 4> B3 64 00 65 00 06 OC 26 00 64 7F 65 7F BnH is the Control Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. For Control Changes, the 2nd byte is the control number, and the 3rd byle is the value. In a case in which {wo or more messages consecutive messages have the same status, MIDI has a pro- vision called “running status” which allows the status byte of the second and following, messages to be omitted, Thus, the above messages have the following meaning. B 6400 MIDI ch, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H.

In other words, the above messages specify a value of 0C 00H for RPN parameter number 00 00H on MIDI channel 4, and then set the RPN parameter number 10 7F 7FH. RPN parameter number 00 00H is Pitch Bend Sensitivity, and the MSB of the value indi- cates semitone units, so a value of OCH = 12 sets the maximum pitch bend range 10 412 semitones (1 octave). (On GS sound sources the LSB of Pitch Bend Sensitivity is ignored, but the LSB should be transmitted anyway (with a value of 0) so that operation will be cor- ect on any device.) Once the parameter number has been specified for RPN or NRPN, all Data Entry messages &ransmitted on that same channel will be valid, so afler the desired value has been trans- mitted, itis a good idea to set he parameler number Lo 7F 7FH to prevent accidents. This is the reason for the (B3) 64 7F (B3) 65 7F at the end. Itis not desirable for performance data (such as Standard MIDI File data) to contain many. events with running status as given in <Example 4>. This is because if playback is alted during the song and then rewound or fast-forwarded, the sequencer may not be able to transit he correct status, and the sound source will then misinterpret the data. Take care Lo give each event its own status. IL is also necessary that the RPN or NRPN parameter number setting and the value setting be done in the proper order. On some sequencers, events occurring in the same (or consec- utive) clock may be transmitted in an order different than the order in which they were received. For this reason it is a good idea Lo slighly skew the time of each event (about 1 tick for TPQN = 96, and about 5 ticks for TPQN = 480)

• | TPQN: Ticks Per Quarter Note © Example of an Exclusive message and calculating a Checksum Roland Exclusive messages are transmitted with a checksum at he end (before F7) to make sure that 1he message was correctly received. The value of the checksum is determined by Le address and data (or size) of the transmitted exclusive message. uHow to calculate the checksum (hexadecimal numbers are indicated by ‘H') The checksum is a value derived by adding the address, size and checksum itself and inverting the lower 7 bits. Here's an example of how the checksum is calculated. We will assume that in the exclusive message we are transmitling, the address is aa bb ccH and the data or size is dd ee ffH. aa + bb + ce + dd + ee + {= sum sum / 128 = quotient … remainder

128 - remainder = checksum

+ Checksum is 0 if the remainder is 0.

<Example> Setting REVERB MACRO to ROOM 3 According to the “Parameter Address Map,” the REVERB MACRO Address is 40 01 30H, and ROOM 3 is a value of 02H. Thus, HR O4 10 & 2 4x ® 2 FE a) @) 6) (4) (5) Address data Checksum (6) (1) Exclusive Status, (2) ID (Roland), (3) Device ID (17), (4) Model ID (GS), (5) Command ID (DT), (6) End of Exclusive Next we calculate the checksum. AOH + 1H + 30H + 02H = 64 + 1 + 48 + 2 = 115 (sum) 115 (sum) / 128 = 0 (quotient). 115 (remainder) checksum = 128 - 115 (remainder) = 13 = ODH ‘This means that F0 41 10 42 12 40 01 30 02 0D F7 is the message wve transmit. © About tuning In MIDI, individual Parts are tuned by sending RPN #1 (Master Fine Tuning) to the appro- priate MIDI channel In MIDI, an entire device is tuned by either sending RPN #1 to all MIDI channels being used, or by sending a System Exclusive MASTER TUNE (address 40 00 00H), RPN #1 allows tuning Lo be specified in steps of approximatelÿ 0.012 cents (to be precise, 10/8192 cenb, and System Exclusive MASTER TUNE allows tuning in steps of 0.1 cent One cent is 1/100th of a semitone. ‘The values of RPN #1 (Master Fine Tuning) and System Exclusive MASTER TUNE are added together to determine the actual pitch sounded by each Part Frequently used tuning values are given in the following table for your reference. Values are in hexadecimal (decimal in parentheses). 323) 646)! 9 <Example> Set the tuning of MIDI channel 3 to A4 = 442.0 Hz Send RPN# to MIDI channel 3. From the above table, the value is 45 08H. B 6100 MIDI ch3, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H @) 6501 (MIDI ch.3) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 01H @) 0645 (MIDI ch3) upper byte of parameter value: 45H @) 2603 (MIDI ch.3) lower byte of parameter value: 03H @2) G7F (MIDI ch.3) lower byte of RPN parameter number: FH @2) 657F (MIDI ch.3) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH © The Scale Tune Feature (address: 40 1x 40) The scale Tune feature allows you to finely adjust the individual pitch of the notes from C through B. Though the settings are made while working with one octave, the fine adjust- ments wil affect all octaves. By making {he appropriate Scale Tune settings, you can obtain à complete variely of tuning methods other than equal temperament. As examples, three possible types of scale setting are explained below. O Equal Temperament This method of tuning divides the octave into 12 equal parts. I is currently the most widely used form of tuning, especially in occidental music. On KR375, the default settings for the Scale Tune feature produce equal temperament. O Just Temperament (Keytone C) The three main chords resound much more beautiflly than with equal temperament, but this benefit can only be obtained in one key. If transposed, the chords tend 10 become ambiguous, The example given involves settings for a Key in which C is he keynote. O Arabian Scale By altering the setting for Scale Tune, you can obtain a variety of other tunings suited for ethnie music. For example, the settings introduced below will set the unit to use the Arabian Scale. Example Settings Notename Equal Temperament Just Temperament (KeytoneC) Arabian Scale € 0 0 6 c# 0 #8 +45 D 0 #4 2 D# 0 #6 22 E 0 4 51 F 0 2 8 F# 0 0 #43 G 0 4 4 G# 0 #4 +47 A 0 6 o A# 0 +4 10 B 0 42 49 ‘The values in the table are given in cents. Refer to {he explanation of Scale Tuning on page 9 to convert these values Lo hexadecimal and transmit them as exclusive data. For example, to set the tune (C-B) of the Part Arabian Scale, send the data as follows: FO 41 10 42 1240 11 40 3A 6D 3E 34 D 38 6B 3C 67 40 36 OF 50 F7 Copyrigh(c) 1998 ROLAND CORPORATION Al right reserved. No part of this publication may reproduced in any form without the written permission of ROLAND CORPORATION.