3Com Baseline 2816-SFP Plus - Router HP - Free user manual and instructions

Product Type	Managed Layer 2+ Switch with Routing Capabilities
Brand	HP (3Com)
Model	Baseline 2816-SFP Plus
Dimensions (W x D x H)	440 x 260 x 44 mm (1U)
Weight	3.5 kg
Power Supply	Internal, 100-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz
Power Consumption	25 W (typical)
Ports	16 x 10/100/1000 RJ-45, 4 x SFP+ 10 GbE
Management Interfaces	Web GUI, CLI via console/SSH, SNMP v1/v2c/v3
Switching Capacity	88 Gbps
Forwarding Rate	65.5 Mpps
VLAN Support	802.1Q VLAN, up to 256 VLANs
Security Features	ACL, 802.1X port authentication, DHCP snooping, STP, MAC filtering
Quality of Service (QoS)	802.1p, queue scheduling, rate limiting
Layer 3 Functions	Static routing, RIP v1/v2
Mounting	Rack-mountable, 19-inch
Cooling	Fan, internal
Operating Temperature	0°C to 45°C
Storage Temperature	-25°C to 70°C
Humidity	10% to 90% non-condensing
LED Indicators	Power, port status, SFP+ link/activity
Maintenance	Clean with a soft, dry cloth; avoid liquids; no user-serviceable parts
Reparability	Contact HP support; no spare parts available for end users
Compliance	CE, FCC Class A, RoHS
Warranty	Limited lifetime warranty (subject to terms)

Frequently Asked Questions - 3Com Baseline 2816-SFP Plus HP

What is the default IP address of the HP 3Com Baseline 2816-SFP Plus?

The default IP address is 192.168.1.1. You can access the web interface using this address.

How do I reset the switch to factory defaults?

Press and hold the reset button on the front panel for about 10 seconds until the LEDs flash. The switch will reboot with factory settings.

Does this switch support PoE (Power over Ethernet)?

No, the Baseline 2816-SFP Plus does not support PoE. It provides standard Ethernet connectivity only.

What SFP+ modules are compatible with this switch?

The switch supports HP 3Com approved SFP+ modules for 10GbE connections. Third-party modules may work but are not guaranteed.

How can I configure VLANs on this device?

You can configure VLANs via the web interface under the 'VLAN' menu or via CLI using commands like 'vlan '. The switch supports 802.1Q VLAN tagging.

What is the maximum number of VLANs supported?

The switch supports up to 256 VLANs.

Can I use this switch as a router?

Yes, it has limited Layer 3 routing capabilities including static routing and RIP, so it can route between VLANs.

How do I update the firmware?

Download the latest firmware from the HP support site, then upload it via the web interface under 'Administration > Firmware Upgrade' or via TFTP.

What is the default username and password?

The default credentials are admin for both username and password (lowercase). It is strongly recommended to change them after first login.

Does the switch support SNMP?

Yes, it supports SNMP v1, v2c, and v3 for network management. You can configure community strings and traps.

USER MANUAL 3Com Baseline 2816-SFP Plus HP

Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus User Guide

3C Number: 3C16485A/3C16487

www.3com.com

Part No. DUA1648-5AAA03 Published August 2005

3Com Corporation • 350 Campus Drive • Marlborough • MA USA 01752-3064

Copyright © 2004-2005, 3Com Corporation. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative work (such as translation, transformation, or adaptation) without written permission from 3Com Corporation.

3Com Corporation reserves the right to revise this documentation and to make changes in content from time to time without obligation on the part of 3Com Corporation to provide notification of such revision or change.

3Com Corporation provides this documentation without warranty, term, or condition of any kind, either implied or expressed, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties, terms or conditions of merchantability, satisfactory quality, and fitness for a particular purpose. 3Com may make improvements or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this documentation at any time.

If there is any software on removable media described in this documentation, it is furnished under a license agreement included with the product as a separate document, in the hard copy documentation, or on the removable media in a directory file named LICENSE.TXT or !LICENSE.TXT. If you are unable to locate a copy, please contact 3Com and a copy will be provided to you.

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT LEGEND

If you are a United States government agency, then this documentation and the software described herein are provided to you subject to the following:

All technical data and computer software are commercial in nature and developed solely at private expense. Software is delivered as “Commercial Computer Software” as defined in DFARS 252.227-7014 (June 1995) or as a “commercial item” as defined in FAR 2.101(a) and as such is provided with only such rights as are provided in 3Com's standard commercial license for the Software. Technical data is provided with limited rights only as provided in DFAR 252.227-7015 (Nov 1995) or FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987), whichever is applicable. You agree not to remove or deface any portion of any legend provided on any licensed program or documentation contained in, or delivered to you in conjunction with, this User Guide.

Unless otherwise indicated, 3Com registered trademarks are registered in the United States and may or may not be registered in other countries.

3Com and the 3Com logo are registered trademarks of 3Com Corporation.

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JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems.

All other company and product names may be trademarks of the respective companies with which they are associated.

ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT

It is the policy of 3Com Corporation to be environmentally-friendly in all operations. To uphold our policy, we are committed to:

Establishing environmental performance standards that comply with national legislation and regulations.

Conserving energy, materials and natural resources in all operations.

Reducing the waste generated by all operations. Ensuring that all waste conforms to recognized environmental standards. Maximizing the recyclable and reusable content of all products.

Ensuring that all products can be recycled, reused and disposed of safely.

Ensuring that all products are labelled according to recognized environmental standards.

Improving our environmental record on a continual basis.

End of Life Statement

3Com processes allow for the recovery, reclamation and safe disposal of all end-of-life electronic components.

Regulated Materials Statement

3Com products do not contain any hazardous or ozone-depleting material.

Environmental Statement about the Documentation

The documentation for this product is printed on paper that comes from sustainable, managed forests; it is fully biodegradable and recyclable, and is completely chlorine-free. The varnish is environmentally-friendly, and the inks are vegetable-based with a low heavy-metal content.

CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS GUIDE

Naming Convention 5

Conventions 5

Related Documentation 6

Documentation Comments 6

Product Registration 6

1 INTRODUCING THE BASELINE SWITCH

Overview of the Baseline Switch 7

Features and Capabilities 7

Autosensing of MDI/MDIX Connections 7

Autonegotiating 10/100/1000 Mbps Ports 7

SFP Ports 7

Physical Features 8

Front Panel 8

Rear Panel 11

Package Contents 11

2 INSTALLING THE SWITCH

Before You Begin 13

Positioning the Switch 13

Rack-Mounting or Free-Standing 14

Using the Mounting Kit 14

Placing Units On Top of Each Other 15

Supplying Power to the Switch 16

Checking for Correct Operation 16

Connecting a Network Device 17

Using SFP Transceivers 18

Approved SFP Transceivers 18

Inserting an SFP Transceiver 18

Removing an SFP Transceiver 19

Performing Spot Checks 19

3 CONNECTING TO THE WEB INTERFACE

Requirements for Accessing the Web Interface 21

Running the Discovery Application 21

Logging On to the Web Interface 22

Navigating Around the Web Interface 23

Menu 23

Buttons 24

Device Mimic 24

Accessing the Interface Without Using Discovery 25

DHCP Assigned IP Address 25

Manually Assigned (Static) IP Address 25

4 CONFIGURING THE SWITCH

Configuration Overview 27

Viewing Switch Information 27

Changing the Admin Password 28

Modifying the IP Address Settings 29

Automatic IP Configuration 29

Setting the IP Address 30

Configuring Port Settings 31

Basic Port Configuration 31

Advanced Port Configuration 33

Configuring VLANs 33

Creating a VLAN 34

Sample VLAN Configurations 35

Removing a VLAN 37

Configuring Link Aggregation 37

Guidelines for Creating Aggregated Links 38

Defining the Members of an Aggregated Link 38

Modifying Settings and Deleting an Aggregated Link 39

Viewing the Trunk Summary 39

Viewing Statistics 40

Mirroring Port Traffic 41

Running Cable Diagnostic 42

Using the System Tools 42

Restart 42

Configuration 43

Resetting to Factory Defaults 43

Backing Up and Restoring Configuration 44

Upgrade 44

Spanning Tree 45

802.1p Prioritization 46

Viewing Support Information 47

5 TROUBLESHOOTING

Forgotten Password 49

Forgotten Static IP Address 49

Solving LED Issues 49

If the Problem Persists 52

A OBTAINING SUPPORT FOR YOUR PRODUCT

Register Your Product 53

Purchase Value-Added Services 53

Troubleshoot Online 53

Access Software Downloads 53

Telephone Technical Support and Repair 54

Contact Us 54

Related Standards 57

Environmental 57

Physical 57

Electrical 57

C SAFETY INFORMATION

Important Safety Information 59

This guide is intended for use by those responsible for installing and setting up network equipment. Consequently, it assumes a basic working knowledge of local area networks (LANs).

If a release note is shipped with this 3Com Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus and contains information that differs from the information in this guide, follow the information in the release note.

Most user guides and release notes are available in Adobe Acrobat Reader Portable Document Format (PDF) on the 3Com World Wide Web site:

www.3com.com

Naming Convention

Throughout this guide, the 3Com Baseline Switch 2816/2824-SFP Plus is referred to as the Switch.

Category 3 and Category 5 Twisted Pair Cables are referred to as Twisted Pair Cables throughout this guide.

Conventions

Table 1 and Table 2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.

Table 1 Notice Icons

Icon Notice Type Description
	Information note Information that describes important features or instructions
	Caution Information that alerts you to potential loss of data or potential damage to an application, system, or device
	Warning Information that alerts you to potential personal injury

Table 2 Text Conventions
Convention Description
The words "enter" and "type"	When you see the word "enter" in this guide, you must type something, and then press Return or Enter. Do not press Return or Enter when an instruction simply says "type."

Keyboard key names If you must press two or more keys simultaneously, the key names are linked with a plus sign (+). Example: Press Ctrl+Alt+Del

Table 2 Text Conventions (continued)

Convention Description

Words in italics Italics are used to:■Emphasize a point.■Denote a new term at the place where it is defined in the text.■Identify menu names, menu commands, and software button names. Examples:From the Help menu, select Contents.Click OK.

Related Documentation

In addition to this guide, each 3Com Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus documentation set includes the following:

Online Help – Accessible from the Web interface, provides information that helps you perform tasks using the Web interface.

Release Notes – Provide information about the current software release, including new features, modifications, and known problems.

Documentation Comments

Your suggestions are very important to us. They will help make our documentation more useful to you. Please e-mail comments about this document to 3Com at:

[e-mail]

Please include the following information when commenting:

Document title, Document part number (on the title page), Page number (if appropriate)

Example:

3Com Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus User Guide

Part Number DUA1648-5AAA03

Page 24

Do not use this e-mail address for technical support questions. For information about contacting Technical Support, please refer to "Viewing Support Information" on page 47.

The Switch is part of the extensive Baseline range of 3Com products. This range includes hubs, switches, power systems and other networking equipment, and is continually being developed. Contact your supplier for the latest product information and to order these products.

Product Registration

You can now register your Baseline Switch on the 3Com Web site to receive up-to-date information on your product:

1 INTRODUCING THE BASELINE SWITCH

This chapter provides an overview of the features and capabilities of the 3Com® Baseline Switch 2816/2824-SFP Plus. It also identifies the contents of the Switch package and helps you get to know the physical features of the device.

Overview of the Baseline Switch

The 3Com Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus is a versatile, easy-to-use configurable Switch. It is ideal for users who want the high-speed performance of 10/100/1000 switching with the added functionality of Gigabit links, but do not need sophisticated management capabilities. The Switch is shipped ready for use. No configuration is necessary.

Features and Capabilities

The Switch has 16 (2816-SFP) or 24 (2824-SFP) shielded RJ-45, 10/100/1000 Mbps auto-negotiating ports and four Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver slots on the front panel for easy, flexible connection to fiber-based Gigabit media.

Autosensing of MDI/MDIX Connections

All ports on the Switch can autosense both medium dependent interface (MDI) and medium dependent interface crossover (MDIX) connections. This allows you to connect network devices to each port using either a normal straight-through TP (twisted pair) cable or a 'crossover' TP cable.

Any port can therefore be used to connect to another switch port, server, or workstation without additional configuration.

Autonegotiating 10/100/1000 Mbps Ports

Each 10/100/1000 Mbps port automatically determines the speed and duplex mode of the connected equipment and provides a suitable switched connection. The 1000BASE-T ports also support automatic 10/100/1000 Mbps speed detection.

10/100 Mbps connections on these 1000BASE-T ports can operate in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode. 1000 Mbps connections, on the other hand, only operate in full duplex mode.

SFP Ports

The four SFP ports support fiber Gigabit Ethernet short-wave (SX) and long-wave (LX) SFP transceivers in

any combination. This offers you the flexibility of using SFP transceivers to provide connectivity between the Switch and a 1000 Mbps core network.

When an SFP port is in operation, the corresponding 10/100/1000BASE-T port is disabled.

Physical Features

Figure 1 shows the front and rear panels of the Switch. The numbers in this diagram refer to numbered sections in "Front Panel" below and "Rear Panel" on page 11.

Figure 1 Front and Rear Panels (2816-SFP)

Front Panel

The front panel of the Switch contains a series of indicator lights (LEDs) that help describe the state of various networking and connection operations.

(1) RJ-45 10/100/1000 Ports

WARNING: RJ-45 Ports. These are shielded RJ-45 data sockets. They cannot be used as standard traditional

telephone sockets, or to connect the unit to a traditional PBX or public telephone network. Only connect RJ-45 data connectors, network telephony systems, or network telephones to these sockets. Either shielded or unshielded data cables with shielded or unshielded jacks can be connected to these data sockets.

The Switch has 16 (2816-SFP) or 24 (2824-SFP) 10/100/1000 Mbps auto-negotiating ports. Each port

supports automatic MDI/MDI-X detection and can be connected to a 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, or a 1000BASE-T device.

Ports 1 to 16 (2816-SFP) or ports 1 to 24 (2824-SFP) are auto-negotiating: their speed and duplex mode (half duplex or full duplex for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, full duplex only for 1000BASE-T) are automatically determined by the capabilities of the connected device.

CAUTION: The Switch supports full duplex auto-negotiation. If auto-negotiation is disabled for 1000BASE-T, then the Switch uses the forced-mode default of 100 full duplex mode. If the connected device does not support auto-negotiation, the Switch will operate in half duplex mode (even if the attached device is operating in full duplex mode). In such a configuration, you may notice some degradation of network performance. 3Com recommends that you use devices that are capable of auto-negotiation (and that you ensure that auto-negotiation is enabled, if it is a configurable option).

(2) SFP Ports

The Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) ports are numbered 13 to 16. If an SFP transceiver (purchased separately) is installed in a slot and is active, the associated RJ-45 port of the same number is disabled.

The four SFP ports support fiber Gigabit Ethernet short-wave (SX) and long-wave (LX) SFP transceivers in any combination. This offers you the flexibility of using

SFP transceivers to provide connectivity between the Switch and remote 1000 Mbps workgroups or to create a high-capacity aggregated link backbone connection.

SFP ports are numbered 13 to 16 (2816-SFP) and 21 to 24 (2824-SFP) on the Switch. When an SFP port is active, it has priority over the 10/100/1000 port of the same number. The corresponding 10/100/1000 port is disabled when an SFP transceiver is plugged in.

(3) Link/Activity Status LEDs

The following table lists LEDs visible on the front of the Switch, and how to read their status according to color.

Table 1 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Ports

Status Meaning
Green The link is operating at 1000 Mbps.
Yellow The link is operating at 10 or 100 Mbps.
Flashing Green	Packets are being received or transmitted on the port at 1000 Mbps.
Flashing Yellow	Packets are being received or transmitted on the port at 10 or 100 Mbps.

Table 1 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Ports

Flashing Yellow to Green	Port disabled or link loopback error.
Off The link has not been established, either nothing is connected to the port, or there is a problem:
	■Check that the attached device is powered on.
	■Check that the cable or fiber is the correct type and is not faulty.
	■For fiber connections, ensure that the receive (RX) and transmit (TX) cable connectors are not swapped.
	If these checks do not identify the cause of the problem, it may be that the unit or the device connected to the port is faulty. Contact your supplier for further advice.

(4) Module Active LEDs

The Module Active LEDs shows the status of any SFP modules that are installed.

Table 2 Module Active LEDs

Status Meaning

Green Fiber SFP is inserted in the slot.

Off No fiber SFP is inserted in the slot.

(5) Port Duplex LEDs

The second and fourth (bottom) row of Status LEDs, which are colored yellow, show the duplex status of the related ports.

Table 3 Duplex LEDs

Status Meaning

Off No link, not yet negotiated or the port is operating in half-duplex mode.

Yellow The port is operating in full-duplex mode.

(6) Power LED

The Power LED shows the power status of the Switch:

Table 4 Power LEDs

Status Meaning
Green	The unit is powered on and ready for use.
Off ■The unit is not receiving power:■Check that the power cord is connected correctly.■If the unit still does not operate, contact your supplier.
Flashing Green	■Power-on self test is in progress.
Yellow	■ Power-on self test or loopback test failed.Switch is in failsafe mode.

(7) Self-Adhesive Pads

The unit is supplied with four self-adhesive rubber pads.

If you intend to rack-mount the Switch, do not apply the pads.

If the unit is to be part of a free-standing stack, apply the pads to each marked corner area on the underside of the unit. Place the unit on top of the lower unit, ensuring that the pads locate with the recesses of the lower unit.

Rear Panel

(8) Power Supply

The Switch automatically adjusts to the supply voltage. Only use the power cord that is supplied with the unit.

(9) Recovery button

The recovery button reinitializes the Switch. This returns the Switch to the factory default settings if, for example, you have forgotten the default IP address, or forgotten your user name or password.

CAUTION: 3Com recommends that you back up your configuration settings before you recover the Switch, otherwise your configuration will be lost. Refer to "Configuration" on page 43 for details.

Package Contents

Before installing and using the Switch, verify that your Switch package is complete. The Switch comes with:

■ One power cord ■ Four standard height, self-adhesive rubber pads ■ One mounting kit ■ 3Com Installation CD ■ This User Guide ■ Warranty flyer

If any of the above items are damaged or missing, contact your 3Com network supplier immediately.

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING THE BASELINE SWITCH

2 INSTALLING THE SWITCH

This chapter contains information that you need to install and set up the Switch. It covers the following topics:

■ Before You Begin ■ Positioning the Switch ■ Rack-Mounting or Free-Standing ■ Supplying Power to the Switch ■ Connecting a Network Device ■ Using SFP Transceivers ■ Performing Spot Checks

Before You Begin

WARNING: Safety Information. Before installing or removing any components from the Switch or carrying out any maintenance procedures, read the safety information provided in Appendix C of this guide.

Positioning the Switch

The Switch is suitable for use in an office environment where it can be free-standing or mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack.

Alternatively, the Switch can be rack-mounted in a wiring closet or equipment room. A mounting kit, containing two mounting brackets and four screws, is supplied with the Switch.

When deciding where to position the Switch, ensure that:

■ It is accessible and cables can be connected easily. ■ Cabling is away from sources of electrical noise. These include lift shafts, microwave ovens, and air conditioning units. Electromagnetic fields can interfere with the signals on copper cabling and introduce errors, therefore slowing down your network. ■ Water or moisture cannot enter the case of the unit. ■ Air flow around the unit and through the vents in the side of the case is not restricted (3Com recommends that you provide a minimum of 25 mm (1 in.) clearance). ■ The air is as free of dust as possible. ■ Temperature operating limits are not likely to be exceeded. It is recommended that the unit is installed in a clean, air conditioned environment.

It is always good practice to wear an anti-static wrist strap when installing network equipment, connected to a ground point. If one is not available, try to keep in contact with a grounded rack and avoid touching the unit's ports and connectors, if possible. Static discharge can cause reliability problems in your equipment.

Rack-Mounting or Free-Standing

The unit can be mounted in a 19-inch equipment rack using the mounting kit, or it can be free-standing. Do not place objects on top of the unit or stack.

CAUTION: If installing the Switch in a free-standing stack of different size Baseline or Superstack® 3 units, the smaller units must be installed above the larger ones. Do not have a free-standing stack of more than six units.

Using the Mounting Kit

The Switch is supplied with two mounting brackets and four screws. These are used for rack mounting the unit. When mounting the unit, you should take note of the guidelines given in "Positioning the Switch" on page 13.

The Switch is 1U high and will fit in a standard 19-inch rack.

CAUTION: Before continuing, disconnect all cables from the unit. Remove the self-adhesive pads from the underside of the unit, if already fitted.

To rack-mount the Switch:

1. Place the unit the right way up on a hard, flat surface with the front facing towards you. 2. Locate a mounting bracket over the mounting holes on one side of the unit.

3. Insert the two screws supplied in the mounting kit, and fully tighten with a suitable screwdriver.

Figure 2 Inserting the Screws

4. Repeat the two previous steps for the other side of the unit. 5. Insert the unit into the 19-inch rack and secure with suitable screws (not provided). 6. Reconnect the cables.

Placing Units On Top of Each Other

If the Switch units are free-standing, up to four units can be placed one on top of the other. If you are mixing a variety of Baseline and SuperStack units, the smaller units must be positioned at the top.

If you are placing Switch units one on top of the other, you must use the self-adhesive rubber pads supplied.

Apply the pads to the underside of each Switch, sticking one in the marked area at each corner.

Place the Switch units on top of each other, ensuring that the pads of the upper unit line up with the recesses of the lower unit.

Supplying Power to the Switch

Power problems can be the cause of serious failures and downtime in your network. Ensure that the power input to your system is clean and free from sags and surges to avoid unforeseen network outages. We recommend that you install power conditioning, especially in areas prone to blackouts, power dips, and electrical storms.

The unit is intended to be grounded. Ensure it is connected to earth ground during normal use. Installing proper grounding helps to avoid damage from lightning and power surges.

Before powering on the Switch, verify that the network cables and the power cable are securely connected.

CAUTION: The Switch has no ON/OFF switch. The only way to power on and power off the Switch is by connecting and disconnecting the power cord. This is called "power cycling".

To power on the Switch:

1. Plug the power cord into the power socket on the rear panel of the Switch. Refer to "(8) Power Supply" on page 11 for more information. 2. Plug the other end of the power cord into a power outlet.

When the Switch is powered on, the Power LED lights up. If the Power LED does not light up, refer to "(6) Power LED" on page 10 for more information.

Checking for Correct Operation

After you power on the Switch, it automatically performs a power-on self-test (POST). During POST, the Power LED on the front panel of the Switch flashes green.

When POST is complete, the Power LED turns green. If the Power LED turns yellow after POST, it means that POST failed and the Switch has entered fail-safe mode.

Table 5 summarizes the possible colors for the Power LED after POST.

Table 5 Possible Power LED Colors After POST

Color State

Green: The unit is powered on and ready for use.

Color State

Yellow: Power-on self-test or loopback test failed. The Switch is in fail-safe mode. This can happen if a port or ports fail when the Switch is powered on.

Off: The unit is not receiving power.

■ Verify that the power cord is connected correctly, and then try powering on the Switch again. ■ If the Switch still does not operate, contact your 3Com network supplier.

If POST fails, try the following:

■ Power off the Switch, and then power it on again. Check the Power LED and see if POST was successfully completed. ■ Reset the Switch. See "Resetting to Factory Defaults" on page 43.

CAUTION: Resetting the Switch to its factory defaults erases all your settings. You will need to reconfigure the Switch after you reset it.

If these do not resolve the issue:

■ Check the 3Com Knowledgebase for a solution. To visit the 3Com Knowledgebase Web site, start your Web browser, and then enter

http://knowledgebase.3com.com.

■ Contact your 3Com network supplier for assistance.

Connecting a Network Device

To connect a network device to the Switch, use Category 5 unshielded or shielded (screened) 100 Ohm TP cables (or Category 3 cables for 10 Mbps connections).

For optimal connections, ensure that the cable length for each connection is not longer than 100 m (328 ft).

Figure 3 Connecting Devices to the Switch

To connect a device to the Switch:

1. Connect one end of the cable to an RJ-45 port on the Switch.

2. Connect the other end to the appropriate RJ-45 port on the connecting device.

For 1000BASE-T operation, 3Com recommends using Category 5e or 6 cables.

Using SFP Transceivers

The following sections describe how to insert and remove an SFP transceiver from an SFP slot.

SFP transceivers are hot-insertable and hot-swappable. You can remove them from and insert them into any SFP port without having to power off the Switch.

Approved SFP Transceivers

The following list of approved SFP transceivers is correct at the time of publication:

■ 3CSFP91 SFP (SX) ■ 3CSFP92 SFP (LX)

To access the latest list of approved SFP transceivers for the Switch on the 3Com Corporation World Wide Web site, enter this URL into your Internet browser:

www.3com.com

3Com recommends using 3Com SFPs on the Switch. If you insert an SFP transceiver that is not supported, the Switch will not recognize it.

Inserting an SFP Transceiver

To be recognized as valid, the SFP transceiver must be one of the following:

■ 1000BASE-SX SFP transceiver – Use this transceiver to connect the Switch directly to a multimedia fiber-optic cable. ■ 1000BASE-LX SFP transceiver – Use this transceiver to connect the Switch directly to a single-mode fiber-optic cable or to multimode fiber using a conditioned launch cable.

If the SFP transceiver is faulty, it will not operate within the Switch. See "Troubleshooting" starting on page 49.

To insert an SFP transceiver:

1. Hold the transceiver so that the fiber connector is toward you and the product label is visible, as shown in Figure 4. Ensure the wire release lever is closed (in the upright position).

Figure 4 Inserting an SFP Transceiver

2. Gently slide the transceiver into the SFP slot until it clicks into place.

CAUTION: SFP transceivers are keyed and can be properly inserted only one way. If the transceiver does not click when you insert it, remove it, turn it over, and then re-insert it.

3. Remove the plastic protective cover, if fitted.

4. Connect the fiber cable.

5. The transceiver connects to the network using a duplex LC connector. Attach a male duplex LC connector on the network cable into the duplex LC connector on the transceiver.

6. Connect the other end of the cable to a device fitted with an appropriate Gigabit Ethernet connection.

7. Check the Module Active LEDs on the front of the Switch to ensure that it is operating correctly.

Removing an SFP Transceiver

Removing an SFP transceiver does not require powering off the Switch.

To remove an SFP transceiver:

1. Disconnect the cable from the transceiver.

2. Move the wire release lever downwards until it is pointing toward you.

3. Pull the wire release lever toward you to release the catch mechanism.

The SFP transceiver should slide out easily.

Performing Spot Checks

At frequent intervals, you should visually check the Switch. Regular checks can give you an early warning of a possible failure; any problems can then be attended to when there will be least effect on users.

3Com recommends periodically checking the items listed in Table 6.

Table 6 Items to Check

Item Verify That

Cabling All external cabling connections are secure and that no cables are pulled taut

Cooling Fan Where possible, check that the cooling fan is operating by listening to the unit. The fan is fitted on the right side of the unit (when viewed from the front).

If you experience any problems operating the Switch, refer to "Troubleshooting" on page 49.

3 CONNECTING TO THE WEB INTERFACE

The Switch has a built-in Web interface that you can use to set the admin password, change the IP address that is assigned to the Switch, and configure its advanced settings.

If you only want the Switch to function as a basic layer 2 switch, you do not need to access the Web interface and configure the Switch.

This chapter provides information on how to gain access to the Web interface using the Discovery application. It also introduces the menu items and buttons that are available on the Web interface.

The following topics are covered:

■ Requirements for Accessing the Web Interface ■ Running the Discovery Application ■ Logging On to the Web Interface ■ Navigating Around the Web Interface ■ Accessing the Interface Without Using Discovery

Requirements for Accessing the Web Interface

To connect to the Web interface, you need the following:

■ The Discovery application, which is included on the 3Com Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus CD-ROM that is supplied with your Switch ■ A computer that is connected to the Switch and that has a Web browser

Running the Discovery Application

The 3Com Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus CD-ROM contains, among others, the Discovery application.

To use Discovery to connect to the Web interface, do the following:

1. On a computer that is connected to the Switch, insert the CD-ROM into its CD drive.

Discovery should start automatically. If it does not start automatically, go to the \Discovery folder on the CD-ROM, and then double-click discovery.exe.

The Welcome screen of Discovery appears.

Figure 5: Welcome Screen of Discovery

2. If the computer has multiple network adapters, select the adapter that connects the computer to the Switch, and then click Next.

If the computer has only one adapter, click Next. Discovery searches the network for 3Com devices. When detection is complete, the Discovered Devices screen displays detected network devices.

Figure 6: Discovered Devices Screen

3 On the Discovered Devices screen, click Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus, and then click Next. The Completing the 3Com Discovery Application screen appears.

4 Click Finish.

The Web interface loads in your Web browser.

Logging On to the Web Interface

After the Web interface loads in your Web browser, the first page that appears is the logon page. On this page, you need to enter the administration user name and password to gain access to the Web interface.

The logon page also displays the IP address that the Switch is currently using.

Figure 7 Logon Page

To log on to the Web interface:

1 In Username, type admin. 2 Leave the Password field blank. 3 Click OK.

Navigating Around the Web Interface

The Web interface has been designed to enable you to easily perform advanced configuration tasks and view information about the Switch.

Menu

The menu is located on the left side of the Web interface. When you click an item on the menu, the related information appears in the main section of the interface.

Figure 8 Web Interface Layout

Table 7 lists the available items on the menu.

Table 7 Available Menu Items

Menu Item Description
Summary Provides a summary of the Switch's basic settings and versions of current components
Password Allows you to change the administrator password
IP Settings Allows you to configure the IP address settings of the Switch
Port Configuration Allows you to configure the Switch's port settings
VLANs Allows you to create VLAN groups, add port members, and specify how VLAN tagging is used
Link Aggregation Allows you to set up and maintain trunk membership for port groups
Port Mirroring Allows you to perform port traffic monitoring on the Switch. To monitor a port, you will also need a network analyzer.
Traffic Prioritization Allows you to configure traffic prioritization for IP phones that are connected to the Switch
Cable Diagnostics	Allows you to detect and resolve cable issues
System Tools	Allows you to perform various system maintenance tasks, such as upgrading the firmware, resetting the Switch, backing up and restoring configuration, and enabling 802.11p prioritization.

Menu Item Description
Support	Displays 3Com contact information and describes how to use the online help sys-tem
Log Out	Allows you to securely log off the Web interface

Buttons

Depending on the page that is currently displayed, the following buttons may appear:

■ Apply – Click to save and apply any changes that you have made. ■ Cancel – Click to discard any unsaved changes. ■ Help – Click to display the context-sensitive help information for the page that is currently displayed. The help pages provide information on the tasks that you can perform on each interface page.

Device Mimic

At the bottom of each page is an image of the Switch's front panel, which indicates ports that are currently in use.

To configure a port, click the port on the image. This takes you to the Basic Port Configuration tab, where you can:

■ Assign a name (or label) to the port. ■ Enable or disable the port.

■ Enable or disable flow control. ■ Configure the speed duplex settings. ■ Set traffic priority for the port.

Accessing the Interface Without Using Discovery

The Discovery application works by automatically detecting the IP address that is assigned to the Switch, and then using that address to connect to the Web interface. If you know the Switch's IP address, you can access the Web interface without using Discovery.

This section describes how to access the interface directly, without using Discovery.

If you do not configure the Switch's IP address settings, it will perform auto IP configuration to assign an IP address to itself. For more information, refer to "Automatic IP Configuration" on page 29.

To determine the IP address that the Switch will assign to itself during auto IP configuration, check the sticker on the base of the Switch. This sticker contains the MAC address and default IP address of the Switch.

DHCP Assigned IP Address

If you set the IP address mode to DHCP, check the DHCP server for the IP address that is assigned to the Switch, and then use that IP address to access the Web interface.

Accessing the Interface Without Using Discovery 25

For example, if the DHCP server assigned the IP address 192.168.0.123 to the Switch, start your Web browser, and then type http://192.168.0.123.

Manually Assigned (Static) IP Address

If you assigned a static IP address to the Switch, you need to use that IP address to access the Web interface the next time you want to configure the Switch.

For example, if you assigned the Switch the IP address 192.168.0.123, start your Web browser, and then type http://192.168.0.123.

CHAPTER 3: CONNECTING TO THE WEB INTERFACE

4 CONFIGURING THE SWITCH

This chapter provides information on how to configure the Switch's features. Topics include:

■Configuration Overview ■Viewing Switch Information ■Changing the Admin Password ■Modifying the IP Address Settings ■Configuring Port Settings ■Configuring VLANs ■Configuring Link Aggregation ■Viewing Statistics ■Mirroring Port Traffic ■Running Cable Diagnostic ■Using the System Tools ■Viewing Support Information

Configuration Overview

The Switch is shipped ready for use. If you only want the Switch to function as a basic layer 2 switch, you do not need to access the Web interface and configure the Switch.

You only need to access the Web interface if you want to:

■Set the administration password to the Web interface ■Assign an IP address to the Switch ■Configure the Switch's advanced features ■Upgrade the firmware

Viewing Switch Information

The Summary page, which automatically loads after you log on to the Web interface, provides a snapshot of the Switch's basic settings and versions of current components.

Figure 9 Summary Page

Information that you can view on the Summary page includes:

■ System Information – Contains optional fields that you can fill out to identify the Switch. It also shows the object ID and the time elapsed since the Switch was last started. After you update any of the editable fields in this section, click Apply to save your changes.

■ IP Information – Shows the IP address settings of the Switch. To modify any of these settings, click IP Settings. This takes you to the IP Settings page, shown in Figure 11 on page 30.

■ Switch Information – Shows the serial number, total number of ports, and the version of the hardware (board) on the Switch. ■ Management Software Information – Shows the versions of the loader (firmware), boot ROM, and code.

If you request technical assistance from 3Com Support, you may be asked to print out the information on this page.

Changing the Admin Password

To prevent unauthorized users from accessing the Web interface and modifying the Switch's settings, the interface is password-protected.

The default admin account settings are:

■ User name - admin ■ Password – blank (no password)

To ensure that unauthorized users do not access the Web interface, 3Com recommends that you set an admin password when you first configure the Switch.

Even if you do not intend to actively manage the switch, 3Com recommends that you change the password to prevent unauthorized access to your network.

Figure 10 Password Page

To set the admin password:

1 On the menu, click Password. The Change Administration Password page appears. 2 In Old Password, type your current password.

By default, the Switch does not have any password. If this is your first time to access this page or if you have not previously set a password, leave this field blank.

3 In New Password, type the password that you want to set. 4 In Confirm Password, retype the password you typed in step 3 to confirm.

The password is case-sensitive.

5 Click Apply.

If you want to modify the admin password later on, follow the same procedure.

If you forget the administration password after you set it, refer to "Forgotten Password" on page 48 for information on how to regain access to the Web interface.

Modifying the IP Address Settings

To enable devices on the network to communicate with the Switch, you need to assign an IP address to it — either by DHCP or by manually assigning a static IP address.

By default, the Switch performs automatic IP configuration and assigns an IP address to itself. This is necessary for the Discovery application to be able to connect to the Web interface.

Automatic IP Configuration

When you power on the Switch for the first time, it automatically uses the default IP address 169.254.x.y, where x and y are the last two bytes of its MAC address.

To determine the exact IP address that the Switch assigns to itself during auto IP configuration, check the

sticker on the base of the Switch. This sticker contains the MAC address and default IP address of the Switch.

To detect its IP information using the automatic configuration process, the Switch goes through the following sequence of steps:

1 The Switch tries to configure itself with the default IP address 169.254.x.y, where x and y are converted from the last two bytes of its MAC address.

For example, if the MAC address were 08004E000102, the IP address would be 169.254.1.2. This address is used if the Switch is operating in a standalone mode, or no other switches on the network have this IP address.

The Switch also assigns the subnet mask 255.255.0.0 (default class B mask) to itself.

2 If this default IP address is already in use on the network, then the Switch detects this, and increments the last byte of the MAC address by one to generate its IP address.

The IP address would therefore become 169.254.1.3.

3 The Switch repeats step 2 until an unused IP address is found.

3Com recommends using automatic IP configuration only for the initial setup. Once you gain access to the console, you should assign an IP address to the Switch (either by using DHCP or assigning a static IP address) to ensure successful communication between the Switch and other network devices.

Setting the IP Address

To set the IP address for the Switch:

1 On the menu, click IP Settings. The IP Settings page appears.

Figure 11 IP Settings Page

2 Configure the Switch's IP settings. Available options are listed in Table 8.

Table 8 IP Setting Options

Option Description

Management VLAN Indicates the VLAN from which the Web interface can be accessed. By default, all ports belong to VLAN 1. If you create other VLANs, you will only be able to access that Web interface from a computer that belongs to VLAN 1.

IP Address Mode Specify how the Switch will get its IP address. Available options include:■DHCP – Select this option if you have a DHCP server on the network and you want the Switch to automatically obtain an IP address from it■Static – Select this option if you want to manually assign an IP address to the Switch

IP Address Specify an IP address that you want to assign to the Switch. This option is only available if IP Address Mode is set to Static.The IP address that is assigned to the Switch also becomes the IP address for VLAN 1.

Subnet Mask Specify a subnet mask address that you want to assign to the Switch. This option is only available if IP Address Mode is set to Static.The default subnet mask is 255.255.0.0.

Option Description

Default Gateway Specify the IP address of the gateway router between this Switch and management stations on other network segments. This option is only available if IP Address Mode is set to Static.

MAC Address Read-only field that displays theSwitch's MAC or physical address

After you configure the Switch's IP address settings, click Apply to save your changes.

Configuring Port Settings

Using the Web interface, you can configure the speed/duplex and flow control settings of each port. You can also view the current connection status of each port or shut down or disable ports.

Two tabs are available on the Port Configuration page:

■ Basic Port Configuration ■ Advanced Port Configuration

Basic Port Configuration

Use the Basic Port Configuration tab to enable and disable the port and its flow control settings and to set the speed/duplex of the port.

The following options are available:

■ Number – Physical port number

■ Label – Optional name for the port to help you identify the device connected to it. For example, if an access point is connected to this port, you can label it as Access Point.

■ Status – Enables and disables the port

■ Flow Control – Enables and disables flow control on the port. When flow control is enabled for the port, the Switch regulates the packet flow so that a sending device does not transmit more packets than a receiving device can process. If flow control is disabled, packets may be dropped under certain periods of high traffic. Flow control is enabled by default.

■ Speed Duplex – Sets the speed and duplex mode of the port. Available options include auto, 10 half-duplex, 10 full-duplex, 100-half duplex, and 100 full-duplex. For 1000 Mbps connections, see "Speed/Duplex for 1000 Mbps Connections" on page 32.

Auto (or autonegotiation), which is enabled by default, sets the optimum combination of speed and duplex that can be supported by both ends of the link.

- Priority – Set the priority for the traffic that passes through this port. Available options include Standard (default), High, Intermediate, and Low.

If you modify any of these basic port settings, click Apply to save your changes.

Figure 12 Basic Port Configuration Page

Speed/Duplex for 1000 Mbps Connections

You cannot preset the speed to 1000Mbps. To run a port at 1000Mbps, you must enable autonegotiation for the port. When autonegotiation is enabled, the Switch will automatically connect at 1000Mbps, providing the connected device also supports this speed.

1000Mbps connections are always full-duplex. Half-duplex connections are only available for 10Mbps and 100Mbps settings.

CAUTION: Before manually setting a port to full-duplex, verify that the device connected to the port is also manually set to the same speed and duplex setting. If connecting link partners are left to autonegotiate for a link manually set on this switch to full-duplex, they will

always negotiate to half-duplex, resulting in a duplex mismatch. This can result in a significant reduction in network performance. If you are unsure of how to configure the speed/duplex setting, simply enable autonegotiation for the port.

You cannot modify the speed/duplex settings of ports that are members of a trunk or aggregated link.

Supported SFP transceivers only operate at 1000Mbps full-duplex. Inserting an SFP transceiver into a gigabit port disables the corresponding RJ-45 port, even if no fiber cable is inserted.

Advanced Port Configuration

Use the Advanced Port Configuration tab to set the Switch's broadcast storm control and threshold limits.

A broadcast storm is an incorrect packet sent out on a network that causes most hosts to respond all at once, typically with wrong answers that start the process over again. Broadcast storms use substantial network bandwidth and may cause network time-outs.

Advanced settings include:

■ Broadcast Storm Control – Enables and disables broadcast storm control

■ Packet Rate Threshold – Sets the broadcast storm threshold. Available options include 500, 1000, 1500, 5000, 10000, and 15000 bytes per packet.

Figure 13 Advanced Port Configuration Page

Default Port Settings

If you do not configure the Switch's port settings, the ports will use the following default settings:

■ All ports are enabled ■ Autonegotiation is enabled ■ Flow control is enabled ■ All ports are set to priority Standard

Configuring VLANs

A virtual LAN (VLAN) is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain, regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network. A

VLAN serves as a logical workgroup with no physical barriers, and allows users to share information and resources as though located on the same LAN.

You can use the Switch to create VLANs to organize any group of ports into separate broadcast domains. VLANs confine broadcast traffic to the originating group and help eliminate broadcast storms in large networks. This also provides for a more secure and cleaner network environment.

Using the Switch, you can create up to 64 VLANs, add specific ports to a chosen VLAN (so that the port can only communicate with other ports on the VLAN), or configure a port to make it a member of all VLANs.

Communication between different VLANs can only take place if they are all connected to a router or layer 3 switch.

Creating a VLAN

Use the VLANs page to create VLANs on the Switch. To propagate information about VLAN groups used on this Switch to external devices, you must specify a VLAN ID for each VLAN.

Figure 14 VLANs Page

Ports belonging to a VLAN must be set to either U (uplink) or D (desktop). Desktop VLAN ports can only be members of one VLAN at any time. Setting a port as an uplink (tagged) VLAN port forwards all VLAN traffic from the other ports on the Switch to this port. Use the uplink port function to connect the Switch to the backbone of the network. Traffic from all the VLANs on the switch is automatically forwarded to the uplink port or ports.

By default, all ports belong to VLAN 1.

CAUTION: At least one port must always be a member of VLAN 1 (the management VLAN). If you choose to connect all ports to VLANs other than VLAN 1, you will no longer be able to access the Web interface. If this

If this happens, you will need to reset the Switch to factory settings.

To create a VLAN:

1. On the menu, click VLANs. The VLANs page appears. 2. In VLAN ID, click Create New VLAN. 3. In VLAN ID (1-4094), type an unused ID number for the VLAN that you are creating. VLAN IDs range from 1 to 4094.

Figure 15: Create VLANs Page

4. Define the VLAN membership by setting the state of each port. To change states, click the icon under the port number repeatedly to cycle through the different states. Available states include:

■ N - Not a member

■ U - Uplink egress packets ■ D – Desktop egress packets

5. Click Apply to create the VLAN.

For examples on setting up VLANs, refer to "Sample VLAN Configurations" on page 35.

Sample VLAN Configurations

To illustrate how you can segment network devices that are connected to the Switch, the following sample configurations are provided.

Setting Up Two VLANs on the Same Switch

Figure 16 illustrates how you can set up a simple VLAN on the Switch using desktop connections.

If you want to add ports 7, 8, and 16 to VLAN2 (as shown in Figure 16), so that the ports on the default VLAN1 and the ports on VLAN2 cannot communicate with each other, do the following:

1. Create a new VLAN and set the VLAN ID to 2. Refer to "Creating a VLAN" for instructions. VLAN1 is the default VLAN and already exists.

2 Set ports 7, 8, and 16 to D (desktop egress packet).

3 Click Apply.

Ports 7, 8, and 16 now belong to VLAN2, and will not be able to communicate with any other ports, unless you

add another port to the VLAN or change the port configuration.

Setting Up VLAN Across Two Switches

This example explains how you can set up a VLAN across two switches using uplink connections. This enables ports that are members of the same VLAN (but are on different switches) to communicate, provided that a port on each switch is set to uplink, and that these ports are connected.

Figure 17 Uplink VLAN Configuration

To set up the configuration shown in Figure 17, do the following:

1 Create VLAN2 on both Switch 1 and Switch 2, and assign the same name to it. You need not create VLAN1 since it exists by default.

2 On Switch 1, set the ports that you want to be part of VLAN2 to D (desktop egress packet). Set one port (for example, port 16) to U (uplink egress packet). Click Apply.

3 On Switch 2, set the ports that you want to be part of VLAN2 to D (desktop egress packet). Set one port (for example, port 8) to U (uplink egress packet). Click Apply.

4 Connect the uplink port on Switch 1 (in this example, port 16) to the uplink port on Switch 2 (in this example, port 8). Those ports on Switch 1 that are members of VLAN2 can now communicate with those ports on Switch 2 that are members of VLAN2.

Removing a VLAN

To remove an existing VLAN:

1 In the VLAN ID list, select the VLAN ID that you want to delete.

2 Click Remove.

The VLANs page refreshes, and the VLAN ID that you deleted disappears from the VLAN ID list.

Configuring Link Aggregation

Ports can be statically grouped into an aggregated link, also known as a "trunk". This increases the bandwidth of a network connection and ensures fault recovery.

Trunking permits the connection of multiple ports to the same remote device in order to achieve higher network throughput.

For link aggregation to work, the trunks must be configured on both ends (switches).

The Switch does not support the Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP), which is specified in IEEE 802.3ad.

Guidelines for Creating Aggregated Links

Any of the ports on the Switch can be used for creating an aggregated link. This Switch can support a maximum of 4 trunks. Each trunk may contain up to 8 members. A port may only be a member of one aggregated link at any given time. All ports in an aggregated link must be configured in an identical manner, including communication mode (that is, speed, duplex mode and flow control).

Defining the Members of an Aggregated Link

Use the Membership/Setup tab of the Link Aggregation page to specify the members of a trunk.

To define the members of a trunk:

1 On the Membership/Setup tab, select the same trunk number under Group Membership for the ports that you want to trunk.

For example, if you want ports 2, 3, 4, and 5 to become members of Trunk 2, set the Group Membership for these ports to 2.

2 Click Apply.

The Status column refers to the speed and duplex mode of the trunk members. To change the speed and duplex mode of the trunk, click the Modify/Delete tab.

Figure 18 Membership/Setup Tab

Modifying Settings and Deleting an Aggregated Link

Use the Modify/Delete tab to modify the trunk name and configure flow control and duplex settings of the aggregated link.

To modify trunk settings:

1. On the Modify/Delete tab, modify any of the following settings:

■ Name — Allows you to label an interface (up to characters). ■ Flow Control — Allows automatic or manual selection of flow control. ■ Speed Duplex – Allows auto-negotiation to be enabled or disabled. When auto-negotiation is disabled, you can force the settings for speed, duplex mode, and flow control.

2. Click Apply.

To delete a trunk, click the corresponding Delete check box, and then click Apply.

Figure 19 Modify/Delete Tab

Viewing the Trunk Summary

If you want to view a summary of the trunk settings, click the Summary tab.

Figure 20 Summary Tab

Viewing Statistics

The Statistics page shows a summary of traffic statistics for all ports, as shown in Figure 21.

Figure 21 Statistics Page

Figures that appear onscreen indicate the number of packets transmitted (Tx) and received (Rx).

■ To reset all packet counts to zero, click Clear Counters. ■ To view detailed statistics for each port, click the port number. The statistics page for the port appears, as shown in Figure 22.

Figure 22 Port Statistics Page

Figures on the Statistics page for individual ports are not updated in real time. To view the latest statistics for the port, click Refresh.

Mirroring Port Traffic

The Switch allows you to monitor traffic going in and out of a particular port. For traffic monitoring to work, you need to attach a network analyzer to one port and use it to monitor the traffic of other ports in the stack.

To set up traffic monitoring, you need to set an analyzer port (the port that is connected to the analyzer), and a monitor port (the port that is to be monitored). Once the pair is defined, and you enable traffic monitoring,

the Switch takes all the traffic going in and out of the monitor port and copies it to the analyzer port.

CAUTION: The analyzer port should have a higher bandwidth than the monitor port. Otherwise, the Switch may not be able to copy all traffic effectively during periods of high traffic.

Figure 23 Traffic Monitoring Page

To set up traffic monitoring for a port:

1. Attach a network analyzer to a port. 2. Access the Web interface, and then click Port Mirroring on the menu. 3. Specify the monitor port and analyzer port from the list.

■ Monitor Port — This is the port that is to be monitored.

■ Analyzer Port — This is the port to which the analyzer is attached.

4 Click Apply.

For information on how to interpret the output on the port analyzer, refer to its accompanying documentation.

Running Cable Diagnostic

The Switch provides cable diagnostic, which helps you detect and resolve issues with the attached cables. The Switch can run four types of cable diagnostic tests:

■ Basic Diag ■ Pair Swap ■ Pair Polarity ■ Pair Skew

To run any of these tests on a port:

1 In Port to Diagnose, select a port number. 2 In Type of Diagnosis, select the cable test that you want to run. 3 Click Apply.

Figure 24 Cable Diagnostic Page

Using the System Tools

The System Tools menu includes five administration items: Restart, Configuration, Upgrade, Spanning Tree and 802.1p Prioritization.

Restart

Pressing the Restart the Switch button has the same effect as power cycling the unit. No configuration information will be lost. This function may be of use if you are experiencing problems and you wish to re-establish your Internet connection.

Figure 25 Restart Tab

Any network users who are currently accessing the Internet will have their access interrupted while the restart takes place, and they may need to reboot their computers when the restart has completed and the Switch is operational again.

Configuration

Use the Configuration tab to reset the Switch to factory defaults and to back up or restore configuration settings.

Figure 26 Configuration Tab

Resetting to Factory Defaults

If the Switch does not operate normally or if the firmware becomes corrupted, you can reset the Switch to its factory defaults.

CAUTION: Resetting the Switch to its factory defaults erases all your settings. You will need to reconfigure the Switch after you reset it.

To reset the Switch to factory defaults, click Reset.

The Switch LAN IP address will revert to the default IP address 169.254.x.y (using the process described in "Automatic IP Configuration" on page 29). You may

need to restart your computer to re-establish communication with the Switch.

Backing Up and Restoring Configuration

To back up the Switch's setting to a configuration file, click Backup. You will be prompted to download and save a file to disk.

To reload configuration settings that you previously saved to a file, scroll down the page, and then click Browse to locate the backup file on your computer, and then click Restore to copy the configuration back to the Switch.

For security purposes, restoring the configuration does not change the password.

Upgrade

The Upgrade facility allows you to install on the Switch any new releases of system software that 3Com may make available.

The newer version of software can be downloaded via HTTP and once copied to the Switch; the Switch will restart and apply the newer system software version.

Figure 27 Upgrade Tab

Once you have downloaded the software, use the Browse button to locate the file on your computer, and then click on Apply.

You may need to change the file type in the dialog box displayed by your Web browser to *.* to be able to see the file.

The file will be copied to the Switch, and once this has completed, the Switch will restart. Although the upgrade process has been designed to preserve your configuration settings, 3Com recommends that you make a backup of the configuration beforehand, in case the upgrade process fails for any reason (for example, the connection between the computer and the Switch is

lost while the new software is being copied to the Switch).

The upgrade procedure can take a few minutes, and is complete when the Power LED has stopped flashing and is permanently green. Make sure that you do not interrupt power to the Switch during the upgrade procedure; if you do, the software may be corrupted and the Switch may not start up properly afterwards. If the Power LED continues to flash after a failed upgrade, refer to "Troubleshooting" on page 49.

Spanning Tree

This administrative tool supports the configuration of the Switch to forward, or block and discard 802.1D spanning tree BPDU packets.

Spanning tree is a bridge-based system for providing fault tolerance on networks and can be used to detect and disable network loops. The spanning tree ensures that the optimal path is maintained between spanning tree-compliant networked devices by:

■ Disabling redundant paths when the main paths are operational. ■ Enabling redundant paths if the main paths fail.

Spanning tree uses a distributed algorithm to select a bridging device that serves as the root of the spanning tree network. The bridging device known as the Root Bridge generates BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) on all ports at a regular interval known as the Hello Time.

All other spanning tree-compliant devices on the network have a designated Root Port. This is the Port nearest the Root Bridge and it is used for receiving the BPDUs initiated by the Root Bridge. If a bridge does not get a Hello BPDU after a predetermined interval, the bridge assumes that the link to the Root Bridge is down. This bridge will then initiate negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the network to reestablish a valid network topology.

After all the bridges on the network have determined the configuration of their ports, each bridge only forwards traffic between the Root Port and the ports that are the Designated Bridge Ports for each network segment. All other ports are blocked, which means that they are prevented from forwarding traffic.

Figure 28 Spanning Tree Tab

■ Forward — Spanning tree BPDU packets received on a port are forwarded to all other ports. ■ Block and Discard — Spanning tree BPDUs received on a port are dropped. The Switch does not forward BPDUs to other ports.

The Switch does not participate as a bridge node in the spanning tree, it can only be configured to forward or block spanning tree BPDUs. If the Switch is connected to other bridging devices, such as switches, that are part of the spanning tree network, set the Switch to "Forward." If the Switch is connected only to workstations, it can be set to "Block and Discard."

802.1p Prioritization

The Switch has priority queuing enabled, which means all packets that are received are examined to see if they have been priority encoded. If a packet has been priority encoded, then the Switch will read the priority level and determine whether the packet should be directed through the normal or high priority channel. This feature can be useful for example during excessive loads when one type of traffic may require priority over another. The Switch is configured to comply with 802.1p, VLAN tagged frames.

Traffic prioritization ensures that high priority data is forwarded through the Switch without being delayed by lower priority data. It differentiates traffic into classes and prioritizes those classes automatically. Traffic prioritization uses the multiple traffic queues that are present in the hardware of the Switch to ensure that high priority traffic is forwarded on a different queue from lower priority traffic, and is given preference over that traffic. This ensures that time-sensitive traffic gets the highest level of service.

The 802.1D standard specifies eight distinct levels of priority (0 to 7), each of which relates to a particular type of traffic. The priority levels and their traffic types are shown in the following table.

Priority Level Traffic Type

0 Best Effort

1 Background

2 Standard (spare) 3 Excellent Effort (business critical) 4 Controlled Load (streaming multimedia) 5 Video (Interactive media), less than 100 milliseconds latency and jitter. 6 Voice (Interactive voice), less than 10 milliseconds latency and jitter. 7 Network Control Reserved traffic

The traffic prioritization feature supported by the Switch is compatible with the relevant sections of the IEEE 802.1D standard (incorporating IEEE 802.1p).

This Switch uses the Weighted Round Robin (WRR) algorithm to determine the frequency at which it services each priority queue. The Switch allows you to choose between using IP Precedence or DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point) priority. When either of these services is enabled, the priorities are mapped to a Class of Service value by the Switch, and the traffic then sent to the corresponding output queue.

Figure 29 802.11p Prioritization

Viewing Support Information

Selecting Support on the menu displays the support links page, which contains a list of Internet links that provide information and support concerning the Switch.

Figure 30 Support Page

5 TROUBLESHOOTING

This chapter lists some issues that you may encounter while installing, using, and managing the Switch, with suggested courses of corrective action to take.

If you encounter an issue that is not listed here and you cannot solve it, check the 3Com Knowledgebase at http://knowledgebase.3com.com before contacting your local technical support representative.

For more information on how to obtain support for your Switch, refer to Appendix A.

Forgotten Password

If you forget the password to the Web interface after you set it, you will need to reset the Switch to regain access. See "Resetting to Factory Defaults" on page 43 for instructions.

After resetting the Switch, log on to the Web interface using the default admin account settings:

■ User name - admin ■ Password – blank (no password)

Forgotten Static IP Address

If you forget the static IP address that you assigned to the Switch and you need to access the Web interface, use the Discovery application to automatically detect the IP address and connect to the interface.

For information on using the Discovery application, refer to "Running the Discovery Application" on page 21.

Solving LED Issues

This section lists some issues that are related to the LEDs on the front panel of the Switch. For information on basic LED checks, refer to the following topics in Chapter 1:

■ (3) Link/Activity Status LEDs ■ (4) Module Active LEDs ■ (5) Port Duplex LEDs ■ (6) Power LED

A link is connected but the Link/Activity Status LED for the port does not light

There is a problem with this connection. Check that:

■ The device being connected to is powered on and operating correctly. ■ The cable is connected at both ends. ■ The cable is not damaged. ■ If the connection is to a workstation, that the workstation's network interface is installed and configured correctly. ■ The correct category of cable is being used for the required link speed. Category 3 cables can be used for 10BASE-T operation only. Category 5 cable is required for 100BASE-TX or 1000BASE-T. 3Com recommends Category 5e or 6 cables for 1000BASE-T operation.

A fiber cable is connected but the Module Present LED does not light

Check that:

■ The Receive (RX) and Transmit (TX) cable connectors are not swapped. ■ The fiber cable is in good condition. ■ The SFP module is correctly inserted. ■ A 3Com SFP module is being used. Refer to "Approved SFP Transceivers" on page 18 for details. ■ The equipment at the far end is installed and correctly configured.

The Link/Activity LED is lit but the network performance of the Switch is poor

The Switch supports full-duplex auto-negotiation. If the connected device does not support auto-negotiation, ensure it is configured for half-duplex operation only. If the connected device has auto-negotiation disabled or over-ridden, and is configured as full duplex, the Switch will configure the link as half duplex, causing a mis-match that will reduce network performance when data is transmitting and receiving simultaneously on the same link.

Ensure that the connected device has either:

■ Auto-negotiation enabled, or ■ The ports are configured for half-duplex operation

All ports appear to show continual activity

There may be broadcast storms on the network. Remove port connections one at a time, waiting a few seconds between each port. If the LEDs go off after removing a port connection, the device that was connected to that port is introducing an excessive amount of broadcast frames to the network (some pieces of network equipment operate by sending out broadcast frames regularly). Refer to the documentation that accompanies the device for information on disabling the broadcast operation.

The Firmware image has become corrupted

If the firmware image becomes corrupted, you need to upgrade the firmware. The Switch goes into Fail Safe mode, and the page shown in Figure 31 displays.

Figure 31 Fail Safe Mode Page

To upgrade the firmware, click Browse, and follow the on-screen instructions to upgrade the Switch to the required version of firmware.

Alternatively, click RESET to return the Switch to its factory default settings.

CAUTION: Before recovering the Switch, save the Switch's current configuration. Recovering the Switch will cause the current configuration to be lost.

You forget the Switch's default IP address, or you forget the User Name or Password that you assigned to the Switch.

The Discovery application can be used for detecting the Switch on the network. Otherwise, you can restore the default settings, using the recovery button on the rear panel of the Switch.

For details on how to use Discovery to detect the Switch on the network, refer to "Running the Discovery Application" on page 21.

You must recover the Switch, using the recovery button on the rear panel of the Switch.

CAUTION: Before recovering the Switch, save the Switch's current configuration. Recovering the Switch will cause the current configuration to be lost.

To recover the Switch:

1. Backup the current configuration. Refer to "Configuration" on page 43 for details. 2. Turn off the Switch. 3. Press and hold in the recovery button on the rear panel of the Switch using a pointed tool, and then turn on the Switch. After at least 5 seconds, or when the LED flashes, release the recovery button. The Switch will now enter fail safe mode, whereby the Switch's IP address, user name and password will be reset to the factory defaults.

4. Click on the RESTART THE SWITCH button.

5. Restore the configuration file that you backed up in step 1. Refer to "Configuration" on page 43 for details.

If the Problem Persists

If the problem persists and the unit still does not operate successfully, contact your supplier with the following information before returning the unit:

■ Product number and serial number (printed on a label supplied with the unit). ■ A brief description of the fault.

A OBTAINING SUPPORT FOR YOUR PRODUCT

Register Your Product

Warranty and other service benefits start from the date of purchase, so it is important to register your product quickly to ensure you get full use of the warranty and other service benefits available to you.

Warranty and other service benefits are enabled through product registration. Register your product at

http://eSupport.3com.com/. 3Com eSupport services are based on accounts that you create or have authorization to access. First time users must apply for a user name and password that provides access to a number of eSupport features including Product Registration, Repair Services, and Service Request. If you have trouble registering your product, please contact 3Com Global Services for assistance.

Purchase Value-Added Services

To enhance response times or extend warranty benefits, contact 3Com or your authorized 3Com reseller. Value-added services like 3Com Express SM and Guardian SM can include 24x7 telephone technical support, software upgrades, onsite assistance or advance hardware replacement. Experienced engineers are available to manage your installation with minimal

disruption to your network. Expert assessment and implementation services are offered to fill resource gaps and ensure the success of your networking projects. More information on 3Com maintenance and Professional Services is available at www.3com.com.

Contact your authorized 3Com reseller or 3Com for a complete list of the value-added services available in your area.

Troubleshoot Online

You will find support tools posted on the 3Com Web site at www.3com.com/

3Com Knowledgebase helps you troubleshoot 3Com products. This query-based interactive tool is located at http://knowledgebase.3com.com and contains thousands of technical solutions written by 3Com support engineers.

Access Software Downloads

Software Updates are the bug fix/maintenance releases for the version of software initially purchased with the product. In order to access these Software

Updates you must first register your product on the 3Com Web site at http://eSupport.3com.com/.

First time users will need to apply for a user name and password. A link to software downloads can be found at http://eSupport.3com.com/, or under the Product Support heading at www.3com.com/

Software Upgrades are the software releases that follow the software version included with your original product. In order to access upgrades and related documentation you must first purchase a service contract from 3Com or your reseller.

Telephone Technical Support and Repair

To obtain telephone support as part of your warranty and other service benefits, you must first register your product at http://eSupport.3com.com/

Warranty and other service benefits start from the date of purchase, so it is important to register your product quickly to ensure you get full use of the warranty and other service benefits available to you.

When you contact 3Com for assistance, please have the following information ready:

■Product model name, part number, and serial number

■Proof of purchase, if you have not pre-registered your product

■A list of system hardware and software, including revision level ■Diagnostic error messages ■Details about recent configuration changes, if applicable

To send a product directly to 3Com for repair, you must first obtain a return authorization number (RMA). Products sent to 3Com, without authorization numbers clearly marked on the outside of the package, will be returned to the sender unopened, at the sender's expense. If your product is registered and under warranty, you can obtain an RMA number online at http://eSupport.3com.com/. First time users will need to apply for a user name and password.

Contact Us

3Com offers telephone, e-mail and internet access to technical support and repair services. To access these services for your region, use the appropriate telephone number, URL or e-mail address from the list below.

Telephone numbers are correct at the time of publication. Find a current directory of support telephone numbers posted on the 3Com Web site at http://csoweb4.3com.com/contactus/

Contact Us 55

Country Telephone Number Asia, Pacific Rim Telephone Technical Support and Repair

Australia	1 800 678 515
Hong Kong	800 933 486
India	[phone] or000800 6501111
Indonesia	001 803 61 009
Japan	00531 616 439 or03 3507 5984
Malaysia	1800 801 777
New Zealand	0800 446 398
Pakistan	[phone]
Philippines	1235 61 266 2602 or1800 1 888 9469
P.R. of China	800 810 3033
Singapore	800 6161 463
S. Korea	080 333 3308
Taiwan	00801 611 261
Thailand	001 800 611 2000

You can also obtain support in this region using the following e-mail: [e-mail] Or request a repair authorization number (RMA) by fax using this number: [phone]

Europe, Middle East, and Africa Telephone Technical Support and Repair

From anywhere in these regions, call:

[phone]

From the following countries, you may use the numbers shown:

Country Telephone Number

Austria	01 7956 7124
Belgium	070 700 770
Denmark	7010 7289
Finland	01080 2783
France	0825 809 622
Germany	01805 404 747
Hungary	06800 12813
Ireland	1407 3387
Israel	1800 945 3794
Italy	199 161346
Luxembourg	342 0808128
Netherlands	0900 777 7737
Norway	815 33 047
Poland	00800 441 1357
Portugal	707 200 123
South Africa	0800 995 014
Spain	9 021 60455
Sweden	07711 14453
Switzerland	08488 50112
U.K.	0870 909 3266

You can also obtain support in this region using the following URL: http://emea.3com.com/support/email.html

Country Telephone Number

Latin America Telephone Technical Support and Repair

From the Caribbean, Central and South America, call:

Country Telephone Number

Antigua	1 800 988 2112
Argentina	0 810 444 3COM
Aruba	1 800 998 2112
Bahamas	1 800 998 2112
Barbados	1 800 998 2112
Belize	52 5 201 0010
Bermuda	1 800 998 2112
Bonaire	1 800 998 2112
Brazil	0800 13 3COM
Cayman	1 800 998 2112
Chile	AT&T [phone]
Colombia	AT&T [phone]
Costa Rica	AT&T [phone]
Curacao	1 800 998 2112
Ecuador	AT&T [phone]
Dominican Republic	AT&T [phone]
Guatemala	AT&T [phone]
Haiti	57 1 657 0888
Honduras	AT&T [phone]
Jamaica	1 800 998 2112
Martinique	571 657 0888
Mexico	01 800 849CARE
Nicaragua	AT&T [phone]
Panama	AT&T [phone]
Paraguay	54 11 4894 1888
Peru	AT&T [phone]
Puerto Rico	1 800 998 2112
Salvador	AT&T [phone]
Trinidad and Tobago	1 800 998 2112
Uruguay	AT&T [phone]
Venezuela	AT&T [phone]
Virgin Islands	57 1 657 0888

Country Telephone Number

You can also obtain support in this region using the following:

Spanish speakers, enter the URL: http://lat.3com.com/lat/support/form.html

Portuguese speakers, enter the URL: http://lat.3com.com/br/support/form.html

English speakers in Latin America should send e-mail to: [e-mail]

US and Canada Telephone Technical Support and Repair

1 800 876 3266

The 3Com Baseline Switch 2816/2824-SFP Plus has been designed to the following standards:

Functional ISO 8802-3, IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet), IEEE

802.3u (Fast Ethernet), IEEE 802.3ab and

IEEE 802.3z (Gigabit Ethernet), IEEE 802.3x

(Flow Control), IEEE 802.1D 1998 (Bridging)

MAC Address 8192

Safety UL/CUL 60950-1, IEC 60950-1, EN 60950-1

EMC Emissions EN 55022 Class A, FCC Part 15 Subpart B

Class A, ICES-003 Class A, VCCI Class A,

AS/NZS 3548 Class A, CNS 13438 Class A

Immunity EN 55024

Environmental

Operating Temperature 0–40 °C (32–113 °F)

Humidity 10–95% (non-condensing)

Standard EN 60068 (IEC 68)—various parts

Physical

Width 440 mm (17.3 in.)

Depth 173 mm (6.8 in.)

Height 43.6 mm (1.7 in.) or 1U

Weight 3C16485A: 1.83 kg (4.03 lb)

3C16487: 1.89 kg (4.17 lb)

Mounting

Free standing, or 19 in. rack mounted using

the mounting kit supplied

Electrical

Power Inlet IEC 320

AC Line Frequency 50/60 Hz

Input Voltage 100-240 VAC

Current Rating 1 Amp (maximum)

Maximum Power 60 W

Consumption

Maximum Power 184.3 BTU/hr

APPENDIX B: TECHNICAL INFORMATION

C

SAFETY INFORMATION

Important Safety Information

Please read the following safety information carefully before installing the Baseline Switch 2816-SFP/2824-SFP Plus.

WARNING: Installation and removal of the unit must be carried out by qualified personnel only.

■ If installing the Switch unit in a stack with other units, the Switch unit must be installed below the narrower units and above the deeper units. ■ The unit must be connected to an earthed (grounded) outlet to comply with international safety standards. ■ Do not connect the unit to an A.C. outlet (power supply) without an earth (ground) connection. ■ The appliance coupler (the connector to the unit and not the wall plug) must have a configuration for mating with an EN60320/IEC320 appliance inlet. ■ The socket outlet must be near to the unit and easily accessible. You can only remove power from the unit by disconnecting the power cord from the outlet. ■ This unit operates under SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage) conditions according to IEC 60. The

conditions are only maintained if the equipment to which it is connected also operates under SELV conditions.

France and Peru Only

This unit cannot be powered from IT supplies. If your supplies are of IT type, this unit must be powered by 230 V (2P+T) via an isolation transformer ratio 1:1, with the secondary connection point labelled Neutral, connected directly to earth (ground).

This must be approved for the country where it will be used.

U.S.A. and Canada

■The cord set must be UL-approved and CSA certified.■The minimum specifications for the flexible cord are:No. 18 AWGType SV or SJ3-conductor■The cord set must have a rated current capacity of at least 10 A.■The attachment plug must be an earth-grounding type with a NEMA 5-15P (15 A, 125 V) or NEMA 6-15P (15 A, 250 V) configuration.

Denmark The supply plug must comply with Section 107-2-D1, Standard DK2-1a or DK2-5a.

Switzerland The supply plug must comply with SEV/ASE 1011.

UK ■ The supply plug must comply with BS1363 (3-pin 13-amp) and be fitted with a 5 A fuse which complies with BS1362.

■ The mains cord must be or marked and be of type HO3VVF3GO.75 (minimum).

Europe ■ The supply plug must comply with CEE7/7 ("SCHUKO")

■ The mains cord must be or marked and be of type HO3VVF3GO.75 (minimum).

APPENDIX C: SAFETY INFORMATION

The IEEE specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Category 3, 4 or 5 twisted pair cable.

100BASE-TX

The IEEE specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over Category 5 twisted-pair cable.

1000BASE-LX

IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over 9/125 micron core single-mode fiber cable.

1000BASE-SX

IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 50/125 or 62.5/125 micron core multimode fiber cable.

1000BASE-T

IEEE 802.3ab specification for Gigabit Ethernet over 100-ohm Category 5, 5e or 6 twisted-pair cable (using all four wire pairs).

Auto-negotiation

Auto-negotiation is where two devices sharing a link, automatically configure to use the best common speed. The order of preference (best first) is: 1000BASE-T full duplex, 100BASE-TX full duplex, 100BASE-TX half duplex, 10BASE-T full duplex, and 10BASE-T half duplex. Auto-negotiation is defined in the IEEE 802.3 standard for Ethernet and is an operation that takes place in a few milliseconds. Auto-negotiation must be enabled for the 1000BASE-T ports to operate at 1000 Mbps, full duplex.

Bandwidth

The information capacity, measured in bits per second, that a channel can transmit. The bandwidth of Ethernet is 10 Mbps, the bandwidth of Fast Ethernet is 100 Mbps and Gigabit Ethernet is 1000 Mbps.

BPDU

Bridge Protocol Data Unit. A type of information packet that ensures that data is efficiently exchanged between Switches in a LAN. BPDU messages detect loops in a

network, and remove them by shutting down the bridge causing the loop.

Category 3 Cables

One of five grades of Twisted Pair (TP) cabling defined by the EIA/TIA-568 standard. Category 3 is voice grade cable and can only be used in Ethernet networks (10BASE-T) to transmit data at speeds of up to 10 Mbps.

Category 5 Cables

One of five grades of Twisted Pair (TP) cabling defined by the EIA/TIA-568 standard. Category 5 can be used in Ethernet (10BASE-T) and FastEthernet networks (100BASE-TX) and can transmit data at speed so up to 100Mbps. Category 5 cabling is better to use for network cabling than Category 3, because it supports both Ethernet (10Mbps) and FastEthernet (100Mbps) speeds.

Category 5e Cables

One of five grades of Twisted Pair (TP) cabling defined by the EIA/TIA-568 standard. Category 5e can be used in Ethernet (10BASE-T), Fast Ethernet (100BASE-TX) and Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-T) networks, and can transmit data at speeds of up to 1000 Mbps.

Category 6 Cables

One of five grades of Twisted Pair (TP) cabling defined by the EIA/TIA-568-B standard. Category 6 can be used in Ethernet (10BASE-T), Fast Ethernet (100BASE-TX) and Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-T) networks, and can transmit data at speeds of up to 1000 Mbps.

Client

The term used to describe the desktop PC that is connected to your network.

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This protocol automatically assigns an IP address for every computer on your network. Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows NT 4.0 contain software that assigns IP addresses to workstations on a network. These assignments are made by the DHCP server software that runs on Windows NT Server.

Ethernet

A LAN specification developed jointly by Xerox, Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation. Ethernet networks use CSMA/CD to transmit packets at a rate of 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps over a variety of cables.

Ethernet Address

See MAC address.

Fast Ethernet

An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 100 Mbps.

Gigabit Ethernet

An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 1000 Mbps.

Full Duplex

A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received at the same time and, in effect, doubles the potential throughput of a link.

Half Duplex

A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received, but not at the same time. Half duplex is not supported for 1000 Mbps. Contrast with full duplex.

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. This American organization was founded in 1963 and sets standards for computers and communications.

IEEE 802.1D

Specifies a general method for the operation of MAC bridges, including the Spanning Tree Protocol.

IEEE 802.1Q

VLAN Tagging - Defines Ethernet frame tags which carry VLAN information. It allows switches to assign endstations to different virtual LANs, and defines a standard way for VLANs to communicate across switched networks.

IEEE 802.1p

An IEEE standard for providing quality of service (QoS) in Ethernet networks. The standard uses packet tags that define up to eight traffic classes and allows switches to transmit packets based on the tagged priority value.

IEEE 802.3ad

A standard that defines link aggregation. 802.3ad is now incorporated into the relevant sections of the IEEE Std. 802.3-2002.

IETF

Internet Engineering Task Force. An organization responsible for providing engineering solutions for TCP/IP networks. In the network management area, this group is responsible for the development of the SNMP protocol.

IP

Internet Protocol. IP is a layer 3 network protocol that is the standard for sending data through a network. IP is part of the TCP/IP set of protocols that describe the routing of packets to addressed devices. An IP address consists of 32 bits divided into two or three fields: a network number and a host number or a network number, a subnet number, and a host number.

IP Address

Internet Protocol Address. A unique identifier for a device attached to a network using TCP/IP. The address is written as four octets separated with periods (full-stops), and is made up of a network section, an optional subnet section and a host section.

ISP

Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity to the Internet for individuals and other businesses or organizations.

LAN

Local Area Network. A network of end stations (such as PCs, printers, servers) and network devices (hubs and switches) that cover a relatively small geographic area (usually not larger than a floor or building). LANs are

characterized by high transmission speeds over short distances (up to 1000 metres).

Layer 2

Data Link layer in the ISO 7-Layer Data Communications Protocol. This is related directly to the hardware interface for the network devices and passes on traffic based on MAC addresses.

Link Aggregation

See Trunking.

MAC

Media Access Control. A protocol specified by the IEEE for determining which devices have access to a network at any one time.

MAC Address

Media Access Control Address. Also called the hardware, physical or Ethernet address. A layer 2 address associated with a particular network device. Most devices that connect to a LAN have a MAC address assigned to them as they are used to identify other devices in a network. MAC addresses are 6 bytes long.

Network

A Network is a collection of computers and other computer equipment that are connected for the purpose of exchanging information or sharing resources. Networks vary in size, some are within a single room, others span continents.

Ping

Packet Internet Groper. An internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by sending out a packet and waiting for a response.

Protocol

A set of rules for communication between devices on a network. The rules dictate format, timing, sequencing and error control.

RJ-45

A standard connector used to connect Ethernet networks. The "RJ" stands for "registered jack."

Server

A computer in a network that is shared by multiple end stations. Servers provide end stations with access to shared network services such as computer files and printer queues.

SFP

Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) Connectors are based on an open standard that enables hot swapping of various types of fiber optic and copper-based transceivers into the host equipment.

Subnet Address

An extension of the IP addressing scheme that allows a site to use a single IP network address for multiple physical networks.

Subnet Mask

A subnet mask, which may be a part of the TCP/IP information provided by your ISP, is a set of four numbers configured like an IP address. It is used to create IP address numbers used only within a particular network (as opposed to valid IP address numbers recognized by the Internet, which must be assigned by InterNIC).

Subnets

A network that is a component of a larger network.

Switch

A device that interconnects several LANs to form a single logical LAN that comprises of several LAN segments. Switches are similar to bridges, in that they connect LANs of a different type; however they connect

68 GLOSSARY

more LANs than a bridge and are generally more sophisticated.

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

This is the name for two of the most well-known protocols developed for the interconnection of networks. Originally a UNIX standard, TCP/IP is now supported on almost all platforms, and is the protocol of the Internet.

TCP relates to the content of the data travelling through a network — ensuring that the information sent arrives in one piece when it reaches its destination. IP relates to the address of the end station to which data is being sent, as well as the address of the destination network.

Traffic Monitoring

Enables the monitoring of port traffic by attaching a network analyzer to one switch port, in order to monitor the traffic of other ports on the Switch.

Trunking

A method which specifies how to create a single high-speed logical link that combines several lower-speed physical links.

VLAN

A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network. A VLAN serves as a logical workgroup with no physical barriers, and allows users to share information and resources as though located on the same LAN.

REGULATORY NOTICES

FCC Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference to radio communications, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at their own expense.

Information to the User

If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

■ Reorient the receiving antenna. ■ Relocate the equipment with respect to the receiver. ■ Move the equipment away from the receiver. ■ Plug the equipment into a different outlet so that equipment and receiver are on different branch circuits.

If necessary the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions. The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful:

How to Identify and Resolve Radio-TV Interference Problems

This booklet is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, Stock No. 004-000-00345-4. In order to meet FCC emissions limits, this equipment must be used only with cables which comply with IEEE 802.3.

CE Statement (Europe)

This product complies with the European Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC and EMC Directive 89/336/EEC as amended by European Directive 93/68/EEC.

CSA Statement

This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations.

802.1p Prioritization 46

A

auto IP configuration 29

default IP address 30

default mask 30

B

bandwidth 63

C

category 3 cables 64

category 5 cables 64

Category 5e Cables 64

Category 6 Cables 64

client 64

configuration

overview 27

connecting

network device 17

CSA statement 69

D

DHCP 64

diagram

front panel 8

Discovery 21

DSCP 47

dynamic host control protocol 64

E

Ethernet 64

F

Fast Ethernet 65

FCC statement 69

Feedback about this User Guide 6

firmware

upgrading 44

forgotten

default IP address 51

password 51

user name 51

forgotten IP address 49

forgotten password 49

front panel diagram 8

full duplex 65

G

Gigabit Ethernet 65

Glossary 63

H

half duplex 65

|

IEEE 65

IETF 65

IP address

auto configuration 29

modifying 29

setting 30

IP defined 66

IP Precedence 47

ISP defined 66

L

LAN defined 66

LED issues 49

72 INDEX

local area network 66

M

MAC address 66

media access control 66

N

network defined 67

0

obtaining support/feedback 47

P

password 51

changing 28

default (blank) 28

setting 29

positioning the Switch 13

POST 16

power cycle 42

power-on self-test See POST

prioritization

802.1p 46

traffic 46

protocol defined 67

R

restarting the Switch 42

RJ-45 defined 67

S

saving Switch configuration 44

server defined 67

SFP transceivers

approved (supported) 18

inserting 18

removing 19

spot checks 19

subnet mask 67

support 47

Switch

positioning 13

restarting 42

switch defined 67

system tools 42

T

TCP/IP 66

defined 68

technical specifications 57

traffic 68

traffic prioritization 46

troubleshooting

LED-related issues 49

POST failed 17

U

upgrading firmware 44

user name

default 28

V

VCCI statement 69

viewing

individual port statistics 40

statistics 40

VLANs

creating 37

desktop 35

not a member 35

removing 37

sample configurations 35

uplink 35

Web interface

accessing directly 25

accessing using Discovery 21

buttons 24

logging on 22

menu 23

navigating 23

requirements for accessing 21