VL-WD250E - Camcorder SHARP - Free user manual and instructions

Product Type	Digital Camcorder
Model	VL-WD250E
Brand	Sharp
Recording Media	8 cm DVD-R/RW/RAM discs
Sensor	1/6-inch CCD
Optical Zoom	25x
Digital Zoom	800x
LCD Display	2.5-inch color LCD with backlight
Image Stabilizer	Electronic (EIS)
Video Format	MPEG-2 (DVD-Video standard)
Audio Format	Dolby Digital 2-channel
Dimensions (W x H x D)	54 x 89 x 113 mm
Weight (without battery)	Approx. 350 g
Power Supply	3.6 V lithium-ion battery (NP-FS11 compatible)
Battery Life (recording)	Approx. 1 hour 20 minutes
Digital Still Capture	Yes, JPEG 640x480
Input/Output Terminals	A/V out (RCA), USB, DC in
Maintenance	Clean lens with soft cloth; avoid moisture and extreme temperatures
Safety Precautions	Do not disassemble; keep away from water; stop using if unusual odor or heat
Spare Parts	Battery pack, AC adapter/charger, remote control, USB cable

Frequently Asked Questions - VL-WD250E SHARP

How do I finalize a DVD disc on the Sharp VL-WD250E?

To finalize a disc, insert the recorded disc, press the Menu button, go to Disc Management, select Finalize, and confirm. Finalizing makes the disc playable on other DVD players.

Can I transfer videos to a computer via USB?

Yes, connect the camcorder to your computer using the included USB cable. The camcorder will appear as an external drive. Copy the VIDEO_TS folder to your computer. Note that some computers may require software to read DVD-VR format.

What type of DVD discs are compatible?

The VL-WD250E supports 8 cm DVD-R, DVD-RW, and DVD-RAM discs. Use single-sided discs only.

How long does the battery last?

The supplied lithium-ion battery (NP-FS11) lasts approximately 1 hour and 20 minutes when recording continuously. Actual life may vary with usage and temperature.

Can I take still photos while recording video?

Yes, the camcorder has a digital still capture function. Press the Photo button at any time during recording to capture a JPEG image (640x480) to the DVD disc.

How do I clean the lens?

Use a soft lens cleaning cloth or tissue. Moisten with lens cleaner if needed. Gently wipe in a circular motion. Do not use harsh chemicals or scratchy materials.

What is the maximum recording time on a single DVD?

Using an 8 cm DVD-R (double-sided, but camcorder uses single-sided), maximum recording time is about 30 minutes in high quality (XP mode) and up to 120 minutes in economy mode (EP).

The LCD screen is dark. How to adjust brightness?

Press the Display button to access the menu, then navigate to LCD Brightness using the joystick. Adjust the slider and press OK. You can also adjust backlight settings.

Can I use an external microphone?

No, the VL-WD250E does not have an external microphone input. It uses a built-in stereo microphone.

How do I play back videos on a TV?

Connect the A/V cable (yellow for video, red/white for audio) from the camcorder to your TV's input ports. Set the camcorder to Play mode and turn on the TV to the correct input source.

USER MANUAL VL-WD250E SHARP

SHARP

VIEW·CAM

MiniDV

•The "D" logo is a trademark:

• "myDV" is a registered trademark.

Before using the camcorder, please read this operation manual carefully, especially page v.

OPERATION MANUAL

ENGLISH

WARNING

TO PREVENT SHOCK HAZARD, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.

This equipment should be used with the recommended AC adapter/battery charger or battery pack.

CAUTION

To prevent electric shocks and fire hazards, do NOT use any other power source.

CAUTION

To prevent shock, do not open the cabinet. No user serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to qualified dealer or service centre.

Important:

Audio-visual material may consist of copyrighted works which must not be recorded without the authority of the owner of the copyright. Please refer to relevant laws in your country.

Power supply:

This unit can be operated by connecting it to either the AC adapter/battery charger or battery pack. The AC adapter/battery charger incorporates the AUTO VOLTAGE (AC 110–240 V, 50/60 Hz) function.

NOTE

The LCD panel of this camcorder is a very high technology product with more than 61,000 thin-film transistors*, giving you fine picture detail. Occasionally, a pixel may appear on the screen as a fixed point of blue, green, red, or black. Please note that this does not affect the performance of your camcorder.

*Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Information for Australia/New Zealand Only

WARNING:

This Camcorder must be supplied only with DC 7.4 volts from a BT-L221, BT-L441, BT-LS222 or BT-LS442A battery or the AC adapter/battery charger (UADP-0321TAZZ).

CAUTION:

As there are no user-serviceable parts inside the Camcorder or AC adapter/battery charger, do NOT remove their cabinets as touching parts inside could result in electric shock. Please refer servicing to a qualified dealer or a Camcorder service centre approved by Sharp.

NOTE

This Camcorder is a high technology product.

The LCD Panel comprises 61,600 TFT Transistors. Due to the high density of transistors, it is possible that some pixels may fail.

Important:

Copyright may exist in material you wish to record.

Copying such material without permission of the relevant licensees or owners of the copyright is prohibited by law.

Sharp is not in a position to authorize the recording of copyright works and nothing in this operation manual should be read or implied as giving that authority.

Please consult this operation manual further for details on these and other functions of your camcorder.

Charging the Battery Pack

1 Connect the supplied power cord to the AC power socket on the AC adapter/battery charger, and insert the AC plug into a power outlet. 2 Align the ▼ mark on the battery pack with the ▲ mark on the charger (①) and guide the battery into the groove. Pressing the battery (②), slide it in the direction of the arrow (③) until it locks into place.

Attaching the Battery Pack

1 Make sure that the Power switch is set to OFF. 2 Lift up the viewfinder. 3 Align the - mark on the side of the battery pack with the ◀ mark on the camcorder (①), and slide the battery pack down completely until it locks into place (②).

Inserting a Mini DV Cassette

1 Attach the power source to the camcorder, then slide the cassette compartment door release and open the cassette compartment door.

2 Insert the cassette fully with the window facing outwards, and with the erasure protect tab facing upwards.

3 Press the PUSH/押す mark gently until the cassette holder clicks into place. Close the compartment door by pressing the centre until it clicks into place.

Easy Camera Recording

1 Make sure that a cassette is inserted.

2 Remove the lens cap, and lift up the viewfinder.

3 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA.

4 Press the REC START/STOP button to begin recording.

Zooming

Push the Power Zoom control to T (①) (telephoto) or W (②) (wide angle) side.

Tape Playback

1 Press the LCD monitor OPEN release button (①), and open the LCD monitor to a 90° angle to the camcorder body (②).

2 Adjust the LCD monitor to an angle that allows easy viewing of the on-screen picture.

3 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to VCR.

4 Press ◀◀ (or ▶▶) on the Operation button to rewind (or fast forward) the tape to the desired point.

5 Press ▶/Ⅱ to begin playback.

To stop playback

Press ■.

Supplied Accessories

Battery packBT-L221	AC adapter/battery charger	Power cord	DC cable
Remote control	AA battery for remote control × 2	CR2025 type lithium battery	Audio/video cable (RCA type)
Lens cap Shoulder strap		PixLab Video Capture Software (Lite Version)	PC connecting cable

Optional Accessories

Standard-life battery packBT-L221	Extended-life battery packBT-L441	Standard-life intelligent battery packBT-LS222	Extended-life intelligent battery packBT-LS442A
			Soft caseVR-33SC
PixLab USB Digital Moving Picture KitVR-PKU10E
Mini DV cassetteVR-DVM60N
	Zoom microphoneVR-5MC

Note: Some of these accessories may not be available in selected areas.

- When the camcorder is not in use, remember to remove the cassette tape, turn off the power, and disconnect the camcorder from the power source.

- Do not aim the lens at the sun.

Do not allow direct sunlight to strike the camcorder lens or LCD monitor screen, whether or not recording is in progress, as it may damage the CCD sensor or LCD screen surface. Be particularly careful when recording outside.

- When shooting in dark places, avoid sudden brightly lit objects or light sources, such as the sun. Otherwise, the image may white out. Should this happen, point the lens in a different direction until the picture returns to normal.

- Avoid magnetic sources.

Using the camcorder near strong fluorescent lights, motors, televisions, or other magnetic sources may adversely affect recorded images.

- Using the camcorder near a broadcasting station or other powerful transmission source may cause buzzing or picture deterioration.

- Avoid shocks and dropping.

Do not drop or otherwise subject the camcorder to hard shocks or strong vibrations. Bumping or striking the unit during recording will generate noise in the recorded image.

- Avoid placing the camcorder in close proximity to lighting equipment.

The heat from incandescent lights may deform the camcorder, or cause it to malfunction.

• Always respect prohibitions or restrictions on the use of electronic equipment on commercial flights or in other sensitive areas.

- Be aware of the temperature and humidity. You can use your camcorder at 0°C to +40°C, and at 30% to 80% relative humidity. Do not store the unit in an unventilated car in the summer, in direct

sunlight, or near strong heat sources; this can result in severe damage to the unit casing and circuitry.

- Avoid situations where water, sand, dust or other foreign matter could get on or inside the camcorder, and do not use or leave your camcorder in areas with excessive smoke, steam or moisture.

Such environments can cause malfunctions or cause mildew to form on the lenses. Be sure to keep the unit in a well-ventilated location.

- Some small, portable tripods may be difficult to attach and may not be sturdy enough to support your camcorder. Be sure to use only a strong, stable tripod.

- When using your camcorder in a cold environment, the LCD monitor screen often appears less bright immediately after the power is turned on. This is not a malfunction. To prevent the camcorder from becoming too cold, wrap it in a thick cloth (a blanket, etc.).

Dew Formation

• What is “dew formation”?

When cold water is poured into a glass, dew drops form on the glass. This clinging of water drops is called dew formation.

- When dew forms in your camcorder.

Dew will gradually form on the head drum of your camcorder and make the video tape stick to the head. This causes damage both to the head and the tape. When dew formation occurs, recording and playback may not function properly.

Dew is likely to form in the following circumstances:

—When moving the camcorder from a cold place to a warm place.

—When placing the camcorder in a cold room which is then heated rapidly.

—When moving the camcorder outdoors from an air conditioned room.

—When placing the camcorder in the direct path of air blowing from an air conditioner.

—When placing the camcorder in a humid room.

• How to prevent trouble due to dew formation.

When using the camcorder in a place where dew formation is likely to occur, allow the camcorder and the video tape to acclimate to the surroundings for about one hour.

For example, when bringing the camcorder indoors after skiing, place it in a plastic bag.

① Be sure to tightly seal the plastic bag containing the camcorder. ② Remove the bag when the air temperature inside it reaches the temperature of the room.

- “Dew” warning feature

If dew forms, the word "DEW" flashes on the screen, and the power will automatically turn off in approximately 10 seconds.

① If "DEW" flashes, remove the cassette, leave the cassette compartment open, and wait for a few hours to allow the camcorder to acclimate to the surrounding temperature. ② To use the camcorder again, turn on the power after waiting for a few hours. Be sure that "DEW" has disappeared. ③ Do not insert a cassette while "DEW" is flashing; this may result in damage to the tape. ④ Since dew forms gradually, it may take 10 to 15 minutes before the dew warning feature engages.

Dirty Video Heads

Using the camcorder when the video tape is dirty may cause the heads to clog, producing noise on the recorded image or preventing the image from being recorded at all.

If the video heads become clogged, the ✗ indicator appears on the screen. Contact the nearest SHARP service centre or your dealer for further advice.

Using a Cleaning Tape (Commercially Available)

Video head cleaning can be done by using a commercially available cleaning tape.

Notes:

• Excessive use of the cleaning tape, however, may cause damage to the video heads. Please read the instructions accompanying the cleaning tape carefully before using it.
• The fast forward and rewind functions cannot be used when the cleaning tape is in the camcorder.

1 Insert a cleaning tape into the camcorder. 2 Set the camcorder to VCR mode.

• The video head cleaning screen appears.

3 Press ◀◀ on the Operation button to begin video head cleaning.

- “NOW CLEANING” flashes during cleaning.

After about 20 seconds, video head cleaning automatically finishes, and "EJECT THE CASSETTE." is displayed.

4 Remove the cleaning tape.

To cancel cleaning, press ◀◀.

DV Technology

Digital video, DV, is a revolutionary technology that enables recording and playback of high quality images with the use of special digital features previously unavailable with conventional analog formats.

• High horizontal resolution Detailed, accurate images with the highest level of horizontal resolution for home use. - Clear colour reproduction with virtually no colour contamination

Provides three times the colour resolution of conventional VCRs (based on Sharp models). Clear images with virtually no distracting colour contamination (which usually appears as red).

- Standard use of TBC (Time Base Corrector) to prevent jittery images

Ensures stable images with a high signal-to-noise ratio.

• PCM digital recording

PCM digital recording gives you high-quality stereo sound that puts you in the middle of the action.

The “DV” trademark can only be used on digital VCR products which have been evaluated and have met the specifications set by the HD Digital VCR Conference for Standardization of Consumer Use Digital VCR Formats.

This product incorporates copyright protection technology that is protected by method claims of certain U.S. patents and other intellectual property rights owned by Macrovision Corporation and other rights owners. Use of this copyright protection technology must be authorized by Macrovision Corporation, and is intended for home and other limited viewing uses only unless otherwise authorized by Macrovision Corporation. Reverse engineering or disassembly is prohibited.

DV and conventional video cassette tapes

There are two kinds of DV-format video cassette tapes: the Mini DV cassette and the larger DV cassette used for extended playback and recording. This camcorder only operates with Mini DV cassettes. DV cassettes cannot be used. Be sure to use Mini DV cassettes with the ^Mini DV mark.

Mini DV cassette DV cassette

8 mm, VHS, and Beta cassettes cannot be used for playback or recording with this camcorder.

8 mm cassette VHS cassette Beta cassette

Note:

- This camcorder reproduces the highest picture quality when used with an ME tape. It is recommended you use an ME tape for high-quality recording and playback.

Operation References

Part Names ...... 1

Quick Reference List 4

On-screen Display Index 5

Warning Indicators 6

Preparation

Charging the Battery Pack 7

Attaching and Removing the Battery Pack 8

Powering the Camcorder from an AC Outlet 9

Inserting and Removing a Mini DV Cassette ..... 10

Installing the Lithium Memory Battery 11

Setting the Date and Time 12

Displaying the Date and Time of Recording 13

Adjusting the Hand Strap 14

Using the Lens Cap 14

Attaching the Shoulder Strap 14

Using the Viewfinder 15

Using the LCD Monitor 16

Basic Operations

Camera Recording

Easy Camera Recording in Full Auto Mode 17

Zooming 18

Tips on Recording Positions 18

Remaining Recording Time Display 19

Remaining Battery Power Display 19

Playback

Playback 20

Volume Control 20

Watching the Playback on a TV 21

Video Search 22

Still 22

Useful Features

Using the Controls 23

Selecting the User Mode 24

Using the Menu Screens 25

Camera Recording

Recording in LP (Long Play Recording) Mode ..... 26

Selecting the 16-bit Audio Recording Mode ...... 27

Digital Image Stabilization (DIS) 27

Setting the Digital Zoom 28

Gamma Brightness Compensation 29

Gain-up 30

Night Recording (Cat's Eye) 31

Useful Features

Fade In and Fade Out 32

Still Recording 33

Still Recording Effect (PHOTO SHOT) 34

Auto Focus 35

Macro Shots 35

Using the Remote Control 35

Letting the Subject Monitor the Shot 37

Quick Return 38

Edit Search 38

Playback

Playback Functions with the Remote Control ..... 39

Using the Time Code 40

Advanced Features

Camera Recording

Manual Focus 41

Setting the Shutter Speed 43

Manual Exposure 45

White Balance Lock 46

Scene Menu (Program AE) 47

Digital Picture Effects 48

Setting the Confirmation Sounds 48

Using the Zoom Microphone (Optional Accessory) 49

Playback

Playback Zoom 50

Gamma Playback 51

Playback Effects 52

Picture Effect Playback 53

Editing 54

Editing with the DV Terminal (IEEE1394) 55

Configuring Software for PC Connection 57

Transferring Motion Images to a PC 59

Audio Dubbing Feature 59

Selecting the Audio Playback Mode 61

Picture/Backlight Adjustments 62

Appendix

Useful Information 63

Demonstration Mode 67

Before Requesting Service 68

Specifications 70

Operation References

Part Names

For details on the use of each part, refer to the page number indicated in brackets.

Left view

Left view

Bottom view

Right view

Quick Reference List

Below are some examples of camcorder's features.

• To record the subject with higher-quality audio. — See page 27 (Selecting the 16-bit Audio Recording Mode) • To record powerful close-up images. — See page 28 (Setting the Digital Zoom) • To record a backlit subject. — See page 29 (Gamma Brightness Compensation) or page 45 (Manual Exposure) • To record subjects in very dim conditions, e.g. a nocturnal animal. — See page 31 (Night Recording) • To record yourself in the scene while monitoring the shot. — See page 37 (Letting the Subject Monitor the Shot) • To quickly return the tape to the end of the last recorded scene after playback. — See page 38 (Quick Return) • To focus on an off-centred subject. — See page 41 (Manual Focus) • To turn off the confirmation sounds which are made when you operate the camcorder. — See page 48 (Setting the Confirmation Sounds) • To enlarge any part of the picture during playback. — See page 50 (Playback Zoom) • To brighten the dark portion of the playback images without changing the bright portion. — See page 51 (Gamma Playback)

On-screen Display Index

For details on the use of each function, refer to the page number indicated.

CAMERA mode

VCR mode

Note:

Warning Indicators

If a warning indicator appears on the screen, follow the specified instructions.

Displayed for the first 3 seconds	Displayed after 3 seconds	Description of warning
INSERT A CASSETTE.		There is no video cassette in the camcorder. Insert a cassette (see page 10).
EJECT THE CASSETTE.	EJECT THE CASSETTE.	The video cassette is defective and should be removed (see page 10).
CASSETTE NOT RECORDABLE.		The erasure protect tab on the video cassette has been slid to the record-protect position, preventing recording (see page 64).
THE TAPE ENDS SOON.		The tape is about to end. Prepare a new cassette (see page 10).
CHANGE THE CASSETTE.	TAPE END	The tape has reached the end. Replace it with a new cassette (see page 10).
BATTERY IS TOO LOW.		The battery is almost depleted. Replace it with a fully charged battery pack (see page 8).
DEW		Dew has formed inside the camcorder. Wait for a few hours until the dew disappears (see page vi). About 10 seconds after this warning appears, the camcorder automatically turns off.
⊗		The video heads are clogged and should be cleaned (see page vii).
LAMP LAMP		The fluorescent lamp behind the LCD monitor is close to the end of its service life. Call your local authorized Sharp dealer to have it replaced.
		When the vertical rotation of the LCD monitor is between 135° and 180° in CAMERA mode, all warnings will be indicated by ◆ displayed in the centre of the viewfinder and the LCD screen. To check the type of warning, rotate the monitor back to within 135°.

Note:

• indicates a flashing display.

Charging the Battery Pack

Charge the battery pack with the supplied AC adapter/battery charger before use.

Note:

- Remove the DC cable from the AC adapter/battery charger when charging the battery pack.

1 Connect the supplied power cord to the AC power socket on the AC adapter/battery charger, and insert the AC plug into a power outlet.

• The POWER indicator lights up.

POWER indicator

2 Align the ▼ mark on the battery pack with the ▲ mark on the charger (①) and guide the battery into the groove. Pressing the battery (②), slide it in the direction of the arrow (③) until it locks into place.

• The CHARGE indicator lights up.

CHARGE indicator

- The CHARGE indicator turns off when the battery is fully charged.

3 Slide the battery pack in the direction of the arrow (①), and remove it (②). Then, remove the AC plug of the power cord from the power outlet.

Charging time and maximum continuous recording and playback times

Battery pack	Charging time	Max. continuous recording time		Max. continuous playback time on LCD
		LCD closed	LCD open
BT-L221 BT-LS222	100 120	100 100
BT-L441	160 240	200 200
BT-LS442A	190 280	240 240

- The chart specifies the approximate times in minutes.

Notes:

• Charge the battery pack between 10°C and 30°C. The battery pack may not charge properly at temperatures too low or too high.
• The battery pack and charger become warm during charging. This is not a malfunction.
• Using the zoom (see page 18) and other functions or turning the power on and off frequently will increase power consumption. This may result in a decrease of more than 50% in the actual recording time compared to the maximum continuous recording time listed above.
• The charging time and recording time may vary depending on the ambient temperature and the condition of the battery pack.
• See page 65 for more information on using the battery pack.

Caution:

- Charge only SHARP model BT-L221, BT-L441, BT-LS222 or BT-LS442A battery packs. Other types of battery packs may burst, causing personal injury and damage.

Extending battery pack life

Even when the battery pack is not used, the capacity of the battery pack will naturally deteriorate over time. To limit the deterioration of the capacity, it is recommended to perform the following procedure at least once every six months:

① Charge the battery pack until the CHARGE indicator of the charger turns off. ② Attach the battery pack to the camcorder, and set the Power switch to CAMERA without inserting a cassette. Allow the battery power to fully discharge by leaving it on the camcorder until the camcorder power automatically turns off. ③ Remove the battery pack and store it between 10°C and 20°C.

Attaching and Removing the Battery Pack

Attaching the Battery Pack

1. Make sure that the Power switch is set to OFF.

Power switch

2. Lift up the viewfinder.

3. Align the - mark on the side of the battery pack with the ◀ mark on the camcorder (①), and slide the battery pack down completely until it locks into place (②).

4. Lower the viewfinder.

Removing the Battery Pack

1. Perform steps 1 and 2 above.

2. Press the power source PUSH release button (①), and slide the battery pack up and take it out (②).

Cautions:

- BEFORE REMOVING THE BATTERY PACK, ALWAYS STOP RECORDING OR PLAYBACK AND TURN THE POWER OFF. If you remove the battery pack during recording or playback, the tape will remain wound around the video head drum, potentially causing damage to the tape.

- Remove the battery pack from the camcorder if you will not use the camcorder for a long period of time.

- Use only SHARP model BT-L221, BT-L441, BT-LS222 or BT-LS442A battery packs with this camcorder. Use of other batteries may present a risk of fire or explosion.

Powering the Camcorder from an AC Outlet

You can also power the camcorder from a power outlet by using the supplied AC adapter/battery charger and DC cable.

Caution:

• The supplied AC adapter/battery charger is specially designed for use with this camcorder, and should not be used as a power supply for other camcorders. 1. Make sure that the Power switch is set to OFF. 2. Lift up the viewfinder. 3. Align the — mark on the side of the DC cable connecting plate with the ▲ mark on the camcorder (①), and slide the connecting plate down completely until it locks into place (②).

4. Lower the viewfinder.

5. Insert the DC cable plug into the DC OUT jack on the AC adapter. Connect the supplied power cord to the AC adapter, and insert the AC plug into a power outlet.

- The POWER indicator on the AC adapter lights up, and the camcorder is supplied power.

Note:

- When the AC adapter/battery charger is used to power the camcorder, it cannot be used to charge the battery pack.

Removing the DC cable from the camcorder

Perform steps 1 and 2 above. Press the power source PUSH release button (①), and slide the connecting plate up and take it out (②).

Cautions:

- BEFORE REMOVING THE DC CABLE, ALWAYS STOP RECORDING OR PLAYBACK AND TURN THE POWER OFF. If you remove the DC cable during recording or playback, the tape will remain wound around the video head drum, potentially causing damage to the tape. - Disconnect the camcorder from the AC adapter if you will not use the camcorder for a long period of time.

Inserting and Removing a Mini DV Cassette

Inserting a Cassette

1 Attach the power source to the camcorder, then slide the cassette compartment door release and open the cassette compartment door.

- A confirmation sound is made, and the cassette holder extends and opens automatically.

Note:

- If the hand strap is pulled too tight, it can obstruct the opening of the cassette compartment door and the cassette holder may be unable to extend. Should this occur, loosen the hand strap and open the cassette compartment door completely.

2 Insert the cassette fully with the window facing outwards, and with the erasure protect tab facing upwards.

3 Press the PUSH/押す mark gently until the cassette holder clicks into place.

- A confirmation sound is made, and the cassette holder retracts automatically.

4 Wait for the cassette holder to fully retract. Close the compartment door by pressing the centre until it clicks into place.

Removing a Cassette

Perform step 1 above, then take out the cassette.

Cautions:

• Do not try to close the cassette compartment door while the cassette holder is extending or retracting.
• Be careful not to get your fingers caught in the cassette holder.
• Do not apply force to the cassette holder except when pressing the PUSH/押す mark to close it.
• Do not tilt the camcorder or hold it upside down when you are inserting or removing a cassette. It may damage the tape.
• Remove the cassette if you will not use the camcorder for a long period of time.
• If you do not correctly close the cassette holder in step 3, the cassette protection mechanism of the camcorder might eject the cassette. If this happens, repeat the insertion procedure.
• Do not attempt to pick up the camcorder by the cassette compartment door.

Notes:

• If the battery power is too low, you may not be able to eject the cassette. Replace the battery pack with a fully charged one. • See page 64 for more information on the video cassette tapes intended for use with this camcorder.

Installing the Lithium Memory Battery

Installing the Lithium Battery

The supplied lithium battery is used to store the memory of the date and time settings.

1 Press the LCD monitor OPEN release button (①) and open the LCD monitor (②).

2 Open the lithium battery compartment door using the tip of a ballpoint pen or other pointed object.

3 Insert the lithium battery into the compartment with the + side facing out.

4 Replace the compartment door, and close it firmly until it clicks into place.

5 Close the LCD monitor until it clicks into place.

Removing the lithium battery

Perform steps 1 and 2 above. Lift up the battery using a pointed object, and take it out.

Note:

- Replace the battery with a new CR2025 lithium battery when the time indicator of the camcorder starts to fall behind the correct time.

Notes on the Use of the Lithium Battery

CAUTION: Danger of explosion if battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type CR2025 recommended by the equipment manufacturer.

WARNING: KEEP THIS BATTERY AWAY FROM CHILDREN. IF SWALLOWED, CONSULT A PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY FOR EMERGENCY TREATMENT.

CAUTION: BATTERY MAY EXPLODE IF MISUSED OR INSTALLED WITH POLARITY REVERSED. DO NOT RECHARGE, DISASSEMBLE OR DISPOSE OF IN FIRE.

• Do not short-circuit, recharge, disassemble, or heat the lithium battery.
• Should the lithium battery leak, wipe the battery compartment clean, and then insert a new battery.
• The lithium battery will last about one year under normal usage.

Setting the Date and Time

Example: Setting the date to 2 June 2002 (2.6.2002) and the time to 10:30 am (10:30).

Note:

- Before performing the procedure below, make sure that the lithium battery has been installed (see page 11).

1 Press the LCD monitor OPEN release button (①) and open the LCD monitor (②).

2 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA.

3 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

4 Press ▶▶ on the Operation button.

5 Press ■ or ▶/■ (①) to select "2" (day), and then press ▶▶ (②).

6 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "6" (month), and then press ▶.

7 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "2002" (year), and then press ▶.

8 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "10" (hour), and then press ▶.

9 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "30" (minute), and then press ◀◀.

- The internal clock now starts operating.

10 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Changing to the 12-hour Time Mode

1 After performing step 9 above, press or ▶/■ (①) to select "12H/24H", and then press ▶▶ (②).

2 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "12H", and then press ◀◀.

21H24H 12H

3 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Notes:

• The date and time, once set, are internally recorded even when not displayed on the screen.
• The menu screen automatically turns off if no settings are made within 5 minutes.

Displaying the Date and Time of Recording

Follow the procedure below to display the date, or both the date and time, of recording on the screen. You can display the date and time during both recording and playback.

- The example screens for this feature are for CAMERA mode.

1 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA or VCR. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 3 Select ☐, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "DISPLAY" (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "DATE" or "DATE+TIME", and then press ◀◀.

DISPLAY DATE+TIME

5 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

- The date (or the date and time) is displayed.

Notes:

• Before recording, make sure that the date and time have been correctly set. If they have not been set, the display will be left blank when playing back the recording. (The display will also be left blank for unrecorded or damaged portions of the tape.)
• In VCR mode, the current date and time are displayed when the tape is not being played back.

Adjusting the Hand Strap

1 Open the hand strap flap (①) and the grip strap (②).

2 Loosen the grip strap, pass your right hand through the loop, and put your thumb on the REC START/STOP button. Then, pull the grip strap tight until it fits snugly.

REC START/STOP button

3 Seal the velcro fasteners of the grip strap and the hand strap flap.

Caution:

- Do not swing the camcorder by the hand strap.

Using the Lens Cap

Attach the strap of the lens cap to the hand strap as shown below.

When attaching or removing the lens cap, press both tabs on the top and bottom of the cap.

When recording, hang the hook of the lens cap on the hand strap so that the cap will not get in the way.

Note:

• Always replace the lens cap on the lens when the camcorder is not in use.

Attaching the Shoulder Strap

1 Remove the battery pack. 2 Hold one end of the strap and thread it through the loop on the left side of the power source mounting surface. 3 Loosen the strap in the buckle, then feed the end of the strap through the buckle, as shown. 4 Draw the strap in the direction of the arrow to secure. 5-7 To attach the other end of the strap to the loop on the left side of the hand strap, open the hand strap flap, perform the same procedure, and then attach the battery pack.

Using the Viewfinder

You can record the subject using the electronic LCD viewfinder. You can also watch playback through the viewfinder.

1 Lift up the viewfinder.

Note:

- You can raise the viewfinder to aim the camcorder better depending on your position.

2 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA or VCR.

- A picture is displayed in the viewfinder.

Closing the viewfinder

Lower the viewfinder.

Cautions:

• Do not use excessive force when moving the viewfinder.
• Do not pick up the camcorder by the viewfinder.

Notes:

- The viewfinder automatically turns off when the LCD monitor is opened. When the vertical rotation of the monitor is between 135° and 180° , however, the viewfinder is on and the subject is displayed both in the viewfinder and on the monitor (see page 37).

- Be sure to close the viewfinder after use.

Adjusting the Dioptre

Adjust the dioptre according to your eyesight when the picture in the viewfinder is not clear.

1 Lift up the viewfinder. 2 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA. 3 While looking through the viewfinder, turn the Dioptre adjustment until the indicators in the viewfinder are clearly visible.

Using the LCD Monitor

You can use the LCD monitor to play back recordings that you have made. You can also watch the subject on the LCD monitor while recording.

1 Press the LCD monitor OPEN release button (①), and open the LCD monitor to a 90° angle to the camcorder body (②).

2 Adjust the LCD monitor to an angle that allows easy viewing of the on-screen picture.

• The LCD monitor rotates 270° vertically.

Note:

- You can also fold the LCD monitor into the camcorder with the screen facing out for watching playback on the monitor.

3 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA or VCR.

Lock button

Notes:

• Battery consumption is larger when the LCD monitor is open. Use the viewfinder instead of the LCD monitor when you want to save battery power.
• Use the viewfinder if the LCD screen becomes difficult to see in bright daylight.

Closing the LCD monitor

Return the LCD monitor to the vertical 90° position with the screen facing in, and fold it into the camcorder until it clicks into place.

Cautions:

• Do not use excessive force when moving the LCD monitor.
• Do not try to rotate the LCD monitor vertically until the monitor is completely opened.
• When closing the LCD monitor, do not tilt it; otherwise the monitor may not close properly and may become damaged.
• Do not pick up the camcorder by the LCD monitor.
• Do not expose the LCD monitor to shocks.
• Do not apply pressure to the LCD screen surface.
• Do not place the camcorder with the LCD screen facing down.

Notes:

• Take care not to touch the LCD screen with your fingers, as perspiration and dirt will smudge it. - Close the LCD monitor completely with the screen facing in when not in use. - Use a soft cloth to clean the LCD screen.

Easy Camera Recording in Full Auto Mode

- Before you start recording, perform the operations described on pages 7 through 16 to prepare your camcorder for recording.

1 Remove the lens cap, and lift up the viewfinder. 2 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA.

• The picture from the lens is now displayed in the viewfinder.
• The camcorder is now ready to record (Recording Standby mode).

Note: If "MANUAL" is displayed at this time, press the AUTO ON/OFF button to set the camcorder to Auto mode.

3 Press the REC START/STOP button to begin recording.

To pause recording

Press the REC START/STOP button again. Recording pauses, and the camcorder enters Recording Standby mode.

To turn the power off

Set the Power switch to OFF without pressing the Lock button.

Notes:

• Battery power is consumed in Recording Standby mode. Turn off the power if you will not be recording again soon.
• If the camcorder remains in Recording Standby mode for more than 5 minutes, the power will automatically turn off to save battery power and to protect the tape from being damaged. To resume recording, set the Power switch to OFF and then back to CAMERA. (The camcorder will make a confirmation sound when it is left in Recording Standby mode for about 4 minutes.)

Maximum continuous recording and actual recording times

Battery pack	Max. continuous recording time		Actual recording time
	LCD closed	LCD open	LCD closed	LCD open
BT-L221 BT-LS222	120 100	60 50
BT-L441	240 200	120 100
BT-LS442A	280 240	140 120

• The chart specifies the approximate times in minutes.

Note:

- Using the zoom (see page 18) and other functions or turning the power on and off frequently will increase power consumption. This may result in a decrease of more than 50% in the actual recording time compared to the maximum continuous recording time listed above.

Zooming

Zooming allows you to move visually closer to or farther from a subject without physically changing your position.

To zoom in

Push the Power Zoom control to the T (telephoto) side to get a close-up view (①).

To zoom out

Push the Power Zoom control to the W (wide angle) side to get a wide field of view (②).

• The zoom range indicator shows you the current zoom setting.
• The zoom speed depends on how far you push the Power Zoom control.

Notes:

- The camcorder is unable to focus when zooming in on subjects within 1.8 m. The camcorder will automatically zoom out until it is able to focus on the subject. (See page 35 for recording macro shots.)

• See page 28 for use of the digital zoom.

Tips on Recording Positions

To create images that are easy to watch during playback, try to record with a stable posture while steadying your camcorder to prevent the image from shaking.

Holding the camcorder

Put your right hand through the hand strap, and place your left hand under the camcorder for support.

Basic posture

Shooting from a high angle

Turn the LCD monitor so that the screen faces downward.

Shooting from a low angle Using the viewfinder

Raise the viewfinder to view the subject.

Using the LCD monitor

Turn the LCD monitor so that the screen faces upward.

Note:

• Take care not to touch the microphone with your fingers during recording. It will cause noise on the audio track.

Remaining Recording Time Display

When the camcorder is recording in CAMERA mode, an on-screen indicator displays the approximate remaining tape time in minutes.

During recording, press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the remaining recording time indicator appears.

To turn off the indicator, press the MENU/ DISPLAY button again.

Notes:

- The remaining recording time indicator appears 10 seconds after pressing the REC START/STOP button to begin recording.

- The remaining recording time indicator only shows the approximate time left. Also, it varies slightly depending on the length of tape used. (This function is based on the DVM60 tape standard.)

When the remaining recording time reaches 1 minute, a warning indicator will appear. Prepare a new cassette.

Warning indicator Approx. remaining time
THE TAPE ENDS SOON.↓TAPE END	Less than 1 min.
CHANGE THE CASSETTE.↓TAPE END	(The tape has reached the end.)

Remaining Battery Power Display

When using the camcorder with the battery pack as the power source, you can turn on and off the remaining battery power indicator by pressing the MENU/DISPLAY button. If the battery power becomes very low, a warning indicator will appear. Replace the battery pack.

Notes:

• Use the remaining battery power indicator only as an approximate indication.
• The remaining battery power indicator may change to either a higher or lower level if you set the Power switch to OFF and then back to CAMERA or VCR.
• In cold environments, the red remaining battery power indicator may appear sooner. The battery pack, however, can be used until the warning indicator appears.
• Use of the zoom functions when the warning indicator is displayed may cause the camcorder to suddenly lose power.
• This camcorder supports an intelligent battery function. Use of the optional BT-LS222 or BT-LS442A intelligent battery pack allows the number of minutes of continuous operating time that remains to be displayed on the screen based on the remaining battery power.

The LCD monitor screen functions as a handy playback monitor. Nothing needs to be connected, allowing instant on-screen play-back with the sound through the built-in speaker.

1 Open the LCD monitor and adjust the angle (see page 16).

2 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to VCR.

3 Press ◀◀ (or ▶▶) on the Operation button to rewind (or fast forward) the tape to the desired point.

4 Press ▶/■ to begin playback.

To stop playback

Press ■

To turn the power off

Set the Power switch to OFF without pressing the Lock button.

Notes:

• The tape is automatically rewound when playback reaches the end of the tape.
• Stereo earphones (commercially available) with a 3.5 mm diameter plug can be plugged directly into the PHONES jack. When you use this jack, the speaker automatically turns off.

Watching the Playback in the Viewfinder

You can also watch the playback in the viewfinder by closing the LCD monitor with the screen facing in. You cannot monitor the sound through the speaker when watching the playback in the viewfinder.

Volume Control

When the camcorder is in VCR mode, push the Volume control to the + or - side to increase (①) or decrease (②) the volume.

The volume level indicator will appear on the LCD screen during adjustment only. Once the Volume control is released, the volume level indicator will disappear shortly afterwards.

Watching the Playback on a TV

You can connect the camcorder to a TV to allow a larger audience to enjoy playback.

1 Open the jack cover on the camcorder.

2 Connect the camcorder to your TV (or VCR) with the supplied audio/video cable, as shown.

3 Turn on the TV and set it to the "AV" or "VIDEO" channel. (See the operation manual of your TV.)

- When connecting to a TV via a VCR, turn on the VCR and set it to the "AV" or "LINE" input channel. Operate the TV as you normally do to see the signal from the VCR. (See the operation manuals of your TV and VCR.)

4 Set the Power switch on the camcorder to VCR, and begin playback (see page 20).

Caution:

- Make sure that the camcorder, TV, VCR and other equipment to be connected have been turned off before you make connections. Making connections with any of the components left turned on may cause picture noise or malfunction.

Notes:

• If your TV or VCR has only one audio input jack, use the white plug for the audio connection on the TV or VCR.
• If your TV or VCR has an S-video input socket, you can connect it to the S-VIDEO socket on the camcorder with a commercially available S-video cable.
• When the camcorder is connected to a TV for playback, the picture on the TV screen may flicker if the volume on the camcorder is set to maximum. Should this occur, turn the volume down (see page 20).
• Close the jack cover after use.

About the S-video socket

S-video sockets are used to separately pass the chroma (colour) and luminance (brightness) components of video signals. They serve to improve the picture quality in both recording and playback.

Video Search

The video search function makes it easy to search for a desired scene on the tape.

1 During playback, press ▶▶ (or ◀◀) on the Operation button.

- The playback picture fast forwards (or reverses).

When you find the desired scene, press ▶/Ⅱ to return to normal playback.

Notes:

• The sound is off during search. - Some picture noise appears during search. This is not a malfunction.

Still

The still function makes it possible to pause playback.

During playback, press ▶/Ⅱ on the Operation button.

To return to normal playback, press ▶/■ again.

Notes:

• The sound is off in Still mode. - To protect the tape, the camcorder automatically returns to normal playback if it is left in Still mode for more than 5 minutes.

Useful Features

Using the Controls

The following controls on the camcorder can be used to select and operate the various functions, settings and on-screen displays.

MENU/DISPLAY button

Power switch

To turn the power on, hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA or VCR.

Lock button

To turn the power off, set the Power switch to OFF without pressing the Lock button.

MENU/DISPLAY button

The MENU/DISPLAY button is used to turn the on-screen indicators and the menu screens on or off. Each time you press the MENU/DISPLAY button, the on-screen display changes as shown below.

Note:

- The warning indicators and some other indicators cannot be turned off by pressing the MENU/DISPLAY button.

Operation button

The Operation button is used to select and set the various menu settings by pressing

▶ / ■ (①), ◀◀ (②), ■ (③) or ▶▶ (④).

Selecting the User Mode

This camcorder features three user modes for camera recording functions. The selectable items on the menu screen are different depending on the user mode.

User mode

Auto mode (AUTO): Lets you adjust all menu settings except manual settings.

Manual mode (MANUAL): Lets you adjust all settings including the following manual settings.

—MAN. FOCUS, SHUT. SPEED, EXPOSURE

Easy mode (EASY): Lets you adjust only the following basic menu settings.

—FADE, QK. RETURN, PHOTO SNAP, SNAP EFF., SOUND, DISPLAY

AUTO ON/OFF button

1 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA.

- The user mode indicator is displayed.

2 Press the AUTO ON/OFF button.

• Each time you press the AUTO ON/OFF button, the user mode changes between Auto mode and Manual mode. - To select Easy mode, hold down the AUTO ON/OFF button for more than two seconds.

Notes:

• All manual settings in Manual mode will be cancelled when you press the AUTO ON/OFF button to return to Auto mode.
• To cancel Easy mode, hold down the AUTO ON/OFF button for more than two seconds. • There is only one VCR mode.
• The example screens in this operation manual assume the use of Auto mode unless otherwise indicated.

Using the Menu Screens

The menu screens can be used to adjust the various settings of camcorder.

1 Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA or VCR.

Lock button

2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ (①) on the Operation button to select the desired menu screen, then press ▶▶ (②).

Example

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ (①) to select the desired menu item, then press ▶▶ (②).

Example

5 Press ■ or ▶/■ (①) to select the desired menu setting, then press ◀◀ (②).

- To adjust another menu item, press ◀◀, then perform steps 3 to 5.

Example

To turn off the menu screen

Press the MENU/DISPLAY button.

Notes:

• Certain menu items are common among Camcorder modes. If the REMOTE menu item, for example, is set to "OFF" in CAMERA mode, it will be automatically set to "OFF" in VCR mode.
• The menu screen automatically turns off if no settings are made within five minutes.

Recording in LP (Long Play Recording) Mode

This camcorder allows you to record in LP (Long Play Recording) mode for approximately 50% more recording time with the same picture quality as that in SP (Standard Play Recording) mode.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

3 Select ☐, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "TAPE SPEED" (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "LP", then press ◀◀.

TAPE SPEED LP

5 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

- The recording mode indicator changes from "SP" to "LP".

To return to SP mode

Select "SP" in step 4 above.

Notes on the use of LP mode

• To record in LP mode, be sure to use a Mini DV cassette labelled for use with LP mode.
• Frozen images, mosaic-pattern picture noise, audio interruptions or audio loss may occur in the following cases:

—When using a tape which is not designated for use with LP mode. —When a tape recorded in LP mode under high-temperature conditions is played back. —When a tape recorded in LP mode with the camcorder is played back on a Mini DV player or camcorder from another manufacturer. —When a tape recorded in LP mode is played back on a Mini DV player or camcorder without an LP function. - Audio dubbing is not possible with LP mode recording.

Selecting the 16-bit Audio Recording Mode

This camcorder allows you to select between the 12-bit and 16-bit audio recording modes. The camcorder normally records audio in the 12-bit audio recording mode. For higher-quality audio recording, select the 16-bit audio recording mode.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 3 Select □, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "AUDIO MODE" (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "16bit", then press ◀◀.

AUDIO MODE 16bit

5 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

- The audio recording mode indicator changes from "12bit" to "16bit".

To return to 12-bit audio recording mode

Select "12bit" in step 4 above.

Note:

- When using Audio Dubbing with 16-bit audio recordings, both the dubbed and original sounds will be recorded in mono (see page 59).

Digital Image Stabilization (DIS)

The digital image stabilization (DIS) function is factory preset to on to stabilize the image by electronically compensating for relatively minor image shaking that is often annoying in close-up shots.

Note:

- The DIS function cannot compensate for excessive image shaking.

Turning Off the DIS Function

When image shaking does not occur (e.g. when using the camcorder on a tripod), turn off the DIS function. The picture will appear more natural when the DIS function is off.

In Recording Standby mode, set the DIS switch to OFF.

• The 🖱 indicator is turned off.

To return to DIS mode

Set the DIS switch to ON.

Setting the Digital Zoom

You can select from among four different zoom ranges: 1–26× (optical zoom), 26–50× (digital zoom), 26–100× (digital zoom) or 26–780× (digital zoom). The digital zoom allows you to record powerful close-up pictures with the same operation as normal zooming.

Notes:

• The digital zoom is in addition to the optical zoom giving a combined maximum zoom range of 1–780×.
• As the image is enlarged digitally, the picture quality decreases when higher digital zoom settings are used.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

3 Select ☐, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "DGTL ZOOM" (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "50", "100" or "780", then press ◀◀.

DGTL ZOOM 100

5 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

- The "D" digital zoom indicator is displayed during digital zooming.

To use optical zoom only

Select "OFF" in step 4 above.

Gamma Brightness Compensation

When the subject is backlit, the image will appear dark if it is recorded normally. The gamma brightness compensation function improves the picture by increasing the brightness of the subject while leaving the brighter portion of the image unaffected.

In CAMERA mode, press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button once.

- "GAMMA" appears, indicating that Gamma Brightness Compensation is now working.

To obtain a brighter picture

Press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button again.

• The indicator appears.

Note:

- When the indicator is displayed, the background will become slightly brighter.

To cancel Gamma Brightness Compensation

Press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button until "GAMMA" disappears.

Gain-up

When you are recording in a dark or poorly-illuminated location, "LIGHT" is displayed on the screen. Use the gain-up function to record a brighter picture.

Note:

- At locations where lighting is adequate, "LIGHT" will not appear. The gain-up function cannot be used in this case.

GAMMA/BRIGHTER button

In CAMERA mode, press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button once.

- "GAMMA" appears, indicating that the gain-up function is now working.

To obtain a brighter picture

Press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button again.

• The ①① indicator appears.

To cancel the gain-up function

Press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button until "GAMMA" disappears.

Notes:

• Some picture noise appears in Gain-up mode. The picture noise increases when the ① indicator is displayed.
• When the ①⑦ indicator is displayed, a residual image may appear behind a subject that exhibits a lot of movement.
• Fine brightness adjustment is possible using the manual exposure function (see page 45).

Night Recording (Cat's Eye)

The night recording function allows you to record the subject in darkness. This is useful when you want to record subjects in very dim conditions, e.g. a nocturnal animal.

Note:

- Use Night Recording when "LIGHT" is displayed. Do not use in a bright location such as outdoors in broad daylight.

In CAMERA mode, set the CAT'S EYE switch to ON.

- "CAT'S EYE" appears, and the picture becomes brighter.

To cancel Night Recording

Set the CAT'S EYE switch to OFF.

Notes:

• The picture will turn white if you use Night Recording in a bright location. - The camcorder may not be able to focus correctly when using Night Recording. In such cases, use the manual focus function to obtain proper focus (see page 41). - The following functions do not work when using Night Recording. — Manual shutter speed — Manual exposure — White balance lock — Scene menu

- You can obtain a much brighter picture of the subject by pressing the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button to select Gain-up mode and then setting the CAT'S EYE switch to ON.

Fade In and Fade Out

The fade function allows you to gradually bring the image and sound in or out at the beginning or end of a scene for creating scene transitions. This is especially effective for indicating a dramatic change in scenery.

Setting Fade Mode

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 3 Select ▶, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "FADE" (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "ON", then press ◀◀.

FADE ON

5 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

- “FADE” is displayed.

FADE indicator

Using Fade Mode

1 Press the REC START/STOP button to begin recording.

- The picture turns white, and the image and sound fade in.

2 Press the REC START/STOP button at the point where you wish to stop recording.

- The image and sound fade out as the picture gradually turns white. The camcorder then returns to Recording Standby mode.

To cancel Fade mode

Select "OFF" in step 4 in "Setting Fade Mode".

To use Fade Out only

1 During recording, perform steps 2 to 5 in "Setting Fade Mode" to display "FADE".

2 Press the REC START/STOP button at the point where you wish to stop recording.

Note:

- Fade mode is automatically cancelled after Fade Out.

Still Recording

You can record still images of subjects with normal sound by selecting one of two still recording modes.

Type of Still Recording modes

SNAP: A still picture is recorded for 6 seconds.

STILL: A continuous still image is recorded.

Selecting Still Recording Mode

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 3 Select ☐, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "SNAP EFF." (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "OFF", then press ◀◀.

5 Press ▶/■ (①) to select "PHOTO SNAP", then press ▶▶ (②).

6 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the desired still recording mode, then press ◀◀.

PHOTO SNAP T ILL

7 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Using Still Recording

1 In Recording Standby mode, press the STILL button.

- A still image of the subject is displayed.

2 Press the REC START/STOP button.

- The still image of the subject will be recorded.

In SNAP mode, the camcorder returns to Recording Standby mode after recording a still image for 6 seconds.

To pause recording

Press the REC START/STOP button.

To cancel the still image

In SNAP mode, press the STILL button while the camcorder is in Recording Standby mode.

In STILL mode, press the STILL button.

Notes:

• Still Recording can also be used during recording by pressing the STILL button.
• The picture quality in Still Recording mode will be slightly lower than normal pictures.

Still Recording Effect (PHOTO SHOT)

You can use a still recording effect to record the still images. A still picture is recorded following the sound and visual effects of a camera shutter closing.

Setting a still recording effect

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 3 Select 📋, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "PHOTO SNAP" (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "SNAP" or "STILL", then press ◀◀.

PHOTO SNAP STILL

5 Press ■ or ▶/■ (①) to select "SNAP EFF.", then press ▶▶ (②).

6 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "PHOTO SHOT" then press ◀◀.

EFF.SNAP PHOTO SHOT

7 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Using PHOTO SHOT mode

1 In Recording Standby mode, press the STILL button.

- A still image of the subject is displayed.

2 Press the REC START/STOP button.

- The still image of the subject will be recorded.

To cancel the still image

In SNAP mode, press the STILL button while the camcorder is in Recording Standby mode.

In STILL mode, press the STILL button.

To cancel still recording effect

Select "OFF" in step 5 of "Setting a still recording effect".

Notes:

• PHOTO SHOT can also be used during recording by pressing the STILL button.
• If you use PHOTO SHOT during recording, the visual effects of a camera shutter closing are recorded.
• You can use PHOTO SHOT without the sound effect of a camera shutter closing by setting the SOUND menu item to "OFF" (see page 48).
• The picture quality in PHOTO SHOT mode will be slightly lower than normal pictures.

Auto Focus

The camcorder is preset to Auto Focus mode, which is designed to focus on most types of subjects. In Auto Focus mode, the camcorder automatically focuses on whatever is in the centre of the scene. Always keep the subject in the centre of the scene.

Notes:

• If no subject is in the centre of the scene, the focus area will expand and the subject nearest the centre will be focused on.
• If no subject is displayed, the camcorder will automatically zoom out until a subject comes into the frame.
• Auto Focus may not work in the situations described on page 41. In these situations, use the manual focus function.

Macro Shots

This camcorder lets you shoot close-up images of small objects such as flowers and insects, or make title frames for your videos. When you want to record a magnified image of a subject which is within approximately 1.8 m of the camcorder, do not zoom in on it. Instead, zoom out all the way by pushing the Power Zoom control to the W side, and then move the camcorder closer to the subject until you obtain the desired angle of view. The camcorder will automatically focus on the subject when the lens is set for the widest angle.

Notes:

• When you are recording a macro shot, be sure that the subject receives sufficient illumination.
• It is recommended that you use a tripod for recording macro shots, to prevent image shaking.

Using the Remote Control

Use the supplied remote control to operate the camcorder from a distance, such as when you want to record yourself in a scene, or when the camcorder is connected to a TV for use as a VCR.

Installing the Batteries in the Remote Control

1 Open the battery compartment cover. 2 Insert the two supplied AA (R6 or UM/ SUM-3) batteries with the battery poles positioned as indicated.

3 Replace the cover.

Caution:

- Do not use old and new batteries together or batteries of different brands together.

Turning on the Remote Control Mode

1 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

2 Select ETC, then press ▶▶ on the Operation button. Select "REMOTE" (①), then press ▶▶ (②).

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "ON", then press ◀◀.

REMOTE ON

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Operating the Remote Control

1 Open the LCD monitor completely (①), then rotate it 180° vertically (②).

2 Set the Power switch on the camcorder to CAMERA or VCR. 3 Aim the remote control at the remote sensor of the camcorder, and press the control buttons for operation.

Notes:

• Be careful not to allow direct sunlight or bright light from interior illumination to fall onto the remote sensor, as this may prevent the remote control from operating properly.
• Be sure that there are no obstacles between the remote control and the remote sensor.
• When the batteries are depleted and the remote control does not operate, replace them with new AA (R6 or UM/SUM-3) batteries.

Letting the Subject Monitor the Shot

Open the LCD monitor and rotate it 180° vertically so that the screen faces the other way and the subject can monitor the shot while you are recording with the viewfinder.

If the camcorder is steadied, you can record yourself in the scene by watching yourself on the LCD monitor. The supplied remote control is useful for such occasions.

1 Open the LCD monitor to a 90° angle to the camcorder body (①), and then rotate it 180° vertically (②).

2 Set the Power switch to CAMERA.

- The subject is displayed in the viewfinder, and a mirror image of the subject is displayed on the LCD monitor.

3 Press the REC START/STOP button to begin recording.

Caution:

- Do not invert the image by rotating the monitor during recording.

Notes:

- The screen image is automatically inverted when the vertical rotation of the monitor is between 135° and 180°. When the monitor is rotated back to within 135°, the image returns to normal.

- If the ◆ indicator flashes when the monitor is in the inverted position, this indicates a warning. To check the type of warning, rotate the monitor back to within 135°. (See page 6 for descriptions of the warning indicators.)

Quick Return

When you have been playing back what you have recorded, and wish to quickly return to recording from the end of the last recorded scene, use the quick return function.

1 In Recording Standby mode, press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 2 Select ▶, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "QK. RETURN" (①), then press ▶ (②).

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "START", then press ◀◀.

- "SEARCH" flashes, and the tape begins fast forwarding or rewinding to the end of the last recorded scene.

QK. RETURN SEARCH

When the tape reaches the end of the last recorded scene, "FINISHED" is displayed, and the camcorder enters Recording Standby mode.

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Notes:

• To cancel the quick return function, press ▶▶ to select "STOP", then press ◀◀.
• If the cassette has been removed since the last recording or if no recording has been made since the cassette was loaded, the quick return function cannot be used.

Edit Search

The edit search function lets you search, without switching from CAMERA mode to VCR mode, for the point on the tape where you wish to start recording next.

1 In Recording Standby mode, press and hold down ▶ (forward edit search) or ◀ (reverse edit search) on the Operation button.

2 When you find the point where you want to begin recording, release the button.

Notes:

• The sound is off during search. - Forward edit search is performed at the same speed as normal playback, and reverse edit search at six times the normal playback speed. - Some picture noise appears during reverse edit search.

Playback Functions with the Remote Control

These playback functions can be operated using the supplied remote control. (See pages 35 and 36 for use of the remote control.)

Reverse Playback

The reverse playback function allows you to play back video in reverse.

During playback, press the ◀ button.

To return to normal playback, press the PLAY button (▶).

Slow

The slow function allows you to play back images in slow motion.

During playback, press the SLOW button (▶).

To view slow playback in reverse, press the ◀ button.

To return to normal playback, press the PLAY button (▶).

Note:

- To protect the tape, the camcorder automatically returns to normal playback if it is left in Slow mode for more than 10 minutes.

Frame Advance

The frame advance function allows you to play back still images frame by frame.

1 During playback, press the PAUSE/STILL button (II) to pause playback.

2 Press the ▶ (or ◀) button.

• Each time you press the button, the picture advances one frame forward (or backward).

To return to normal playback, press the PLAY button (▶).

Notes:

• The sound is off during reverse, slow, and frame advance playback.
• If you use the slow or frame advance function with the tape recorded in LP mode, the picture may advance several frames at a time.
• Clearer still images can be achieved by recording with a fast shutter speed (see page 43).

Using the Time Code

The time code shows the hour, minute and second of recording, and the frame number (1 frame = approx. 1/25 sec.). This is automatically recorded along with the subject. You can display the time code on the screen as an accurate counter in both VCR and CAMERA modes.

Display format

• The example screens for this feature are for VCR mode. 1 During playback or recording, press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 2 Select ETC, then press ▶▶ on the Operation button. Select "TIME CODE" (①), then press ▶▶ (②).

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "DISP. ON", then press ◀◀.

TIME CODE DISP. ON

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

• The time code appears.

To turn off the time code

Select "DISP. OFF" in step 3 above.

Note:

- When the tape reaches an unrecorded section, the time code returns to zero (TC0:00:00). Once recorded, the time code cannot be changed.

Displaying the time code on a TV during playback

1 In VCR mode, select ETC, then press ▶▶ on the Operation button. Select "TC OUT" (①), then press ▶▶ (②).

2 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "ON", then press ◀◀.

TC OUT ON

Advanced Features

Camera Recording

Manual Focus

Auto Focus may not be able to focus on the subject in the situations shown below. In such situations, set the camcorder to Manual Focus mode and focus manually.

Subject is too dark.	Lack of contrast, e.g. snow scene.
Fast-moving subject. Background is too bright.
Subject has horizontal stripes.	Subject is being shot through a dirty or wet window.
Light reflects off the subject.	Two subjects at different distances overlap in the same scene.
Subject has fine, repeated patterns.	Subjects at different distances appear in the centre of the scene at the same time.
Fast-speed shutter being used under fluorescent lighting.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the AUTO ON/OFF button to select Manual mode. 3 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 4 Select ▶, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "MAN. FOCUS" (①), then press ▶ (②).

5 Press ◀◀ to display the focus setting screen.

6 Adjust the Power Zoom control to frame the subject as you desire.

7 Press ■ or ▶/■ (①) to focus on the subject, then press ◀◀ (②).

8 Press ◀◀.

9 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

- "MF" is displayed.

To cancel Manual Focus mode

After performing step 4 above, select "AUTO", then press ◀◀.

Notes:

• The camcorder may not be able to focus correctly if the subject is within approximately 1.8 m. Set the zoom control to wide angle, and then try refocusing.
• If the lens is dirty or fogged, the camcorder may not be able to focus correctly.
• When "MF" is displayed, you can manually adjust the focus by pressing ■ or ▶/■, even if the focus setting screen is not displayed.
• When you want to cancel all manual settings and return to Auto mode, press the AUTO ON/OFF button.

Setting the Shutter Speed

The shutter speed is preset to auto mode, which automatically chooses the optimal shutter speed for the ambient light. However, depending on the subject or situation, you may want to set the shutter speed manually to create a high-quality picture.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the AUTO ON/OFF button to select Manual mode. 3 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 4 Select 📄, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "SHUT. SPEED" (①), then press ▶ (②).

5 Press ◀◀ to display the shutter speed setting screen.

Shutter speed indicator	Shutter speed
10000	1/10,000 sec.
4000	1/4,000 sec.
2000	1/2,000 sec.
1000	1/1,000 sec.
500	1/500 sec.
250	1/250 sec.
120	1/120 sec.
50	1/50 sec.
AUTO	Variable

6 Press ■ or ▶/■ (①) to select the desired shutter speed, then press ◀◀ (②).

- The selected shutter speed is displayed on the menu screen.

7 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

To return to Auto Shutter Speed mode

After performing step 4 above, select "AUTO", then press ◀◀.

Recommended Shutter Speeds

The faster the shutter speed, the darker the picture becomes. Select the most appropriate shutter speed for the ambient light.

Situation	Recommended shutter speed
Recording sports action in bright daylight.Recording in bright daylight at a ski resort.	1/10,000 sec.11/1,000 sec.
Recording outdoor sports on a partially cloudy day.Recording an outside scene through a car window (when you want to minimize blur caused by the camera shaking).	1/1,000 sec.11/250 sec.
When you want to reduce the light by half. Use as a substitute for an ND2 filter.	1/120 sec.

Tips on Using the Manual Shutter Speed

• Fast shutter speeds can be used with the still recording function (see page 33) to record higher quality still images of fast-moving subjects.
• If the on-screen picture flickers when recording under fluorescent lighting, you may be able to compensate by setting the shutter speed to 1/120 sec.

Notes:

• Recording with a shutter speed faster than 1/50 sec. tends to darken the picture. Record in bright locations when you use a fast shutter speed.
• Using a fast shutter speed under fluorescent lighting will cause flickering in the picture and possibly periodic colour shifts.
• The manual shutter speed setting will be cancelled if a scene setting is selected thereafter.
• The manual shutter speed setting cannot be used with Night Recording.
• When you want to cancel all manual settings and return to Auto mode, press the AUTO ON/OFF button.

Manual Exposure

The camcorder is preset to Auto Exposure mode, which automatically chooses the optimal aperture. When there is too much contrast in brightness between the subject and background, however, you may not be able to record a clear image. In this case, use the manual exposure function to correct the exposure level.

Background is too bright and subject too dark (backlit subject).

- Increase the exposure level to allow more light through the lens.

Subject is too bright against background.

- Decrease the exposure level to allow less light through the lens.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the AUTO ON/OFF button to select Manual mode. 3 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 4 Select ▶, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "EXPOSURE" (①), then press ▶ (②).

5 Press ◀◀ to display the exposure setting screen.

6 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the desired exposure level.

- The number shown is the selected exposure level. The adjustment range is from -5 (least light) to +5 (most light).

7 Press ◀◀.

- The selected exposure level is displayed on the menu screen.

8 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

To cancel Manual Exposure mode

After performing step 4 above, select "AUTO", then press ◀◀.

Notes:

• Manual Exposure mode will be cancelled if a scene setting is selected thereafter.
• Manual Exposure cannot be used with Night Recording.
• When you want to cancel all manual settings and return to Auto mode, press the AUTO ON/OFF button.

White Balance Lock

The colour of the subject on the screen tends to look different depending on the lighting condition. The camcorder is preset to Auto White Balance mode, which automatically adjusts the hue of the picture for the current lighting condition.

Auto White Balance may not work properly for the following subjects. In this case, use the white balance lock function.

• Subjects with one dominant colour or subjects against background with one dominant colour
• Subjects under very bright light source, e.g. video lights
• Subjects under light source with red hue, e.g. glow of sunset
• Close-up images of small objects

Note:

- White Balance Lock cannot be set when the camcorder is in Easy mode or the CAT'S EYE switch is set to ON.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the W/B button to display the white balance lock screen.

3 Aim the lens at a white object.

- Adjust the distance of the object so that the entire screen is white.

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to set the white balance lock.

- "W/B LOCK" flashes during the locking procedure. To cancel the locking procedure, press the MENU/DISPLAY button while "W/B LOCK" flashes.

5 Press the W/B button to turn off the white balance lock screen.

- "W/B LOCK" is displayed.

To cancel White Balance Lock

1 Press the W/B button, then press the MENU/DISPLAY button.

- "W/B LOCK" changes to "WHITE BAL.".

2 Press the W/B button to turn off the white balance lock screen.

Notes:

• If the light source changes or if you move from indoors to outdoors, or vice versa, when recording with the white balance locked, the white balance may shift. Reset the white balance.
• Do not move the camcorder while "W/B LOCK" is flashing in step 4.
• If "W/B LOCK" does not stop flashing in step 4, press the MENU/DISPLAY button to cancel the locking procedure, and repeat step 4.
• White Balance Lock will be cancelled if a scene setting is selected thereafter.

Scene Menu (Program AE)

You can set the camcorder to the shooting mode that will create the best results for a specific situation. Just select one of four scene settings shown below. The camcorder will automatically set the exposure, white balance, and shutter speed to produce the optimum picture quality for the selected situation.

Type of Scene Settings

SPORT: When you want to record a fast-moving subject.

SUNLIGHT: When the background is very bright.

DUSK: When you want to faithfully record the red of the setting sun, and the surrounding twilight.

PARTY: When the illumination is from a spotlight or candles.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

3 Select ▶, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "SCENE MENU" (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the scene setting that best fits the recording situation, then press ◀◀.

- The selected scene setting is displayed on the menu screen.

SCENE MENU SPORT

5 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

- The selected scene setting indicator is displayed.

To cancel the scene setting

Select "OFF" in step 4 above.

Note:

- Scene settings cannot be used when Night Recording is used or a still image is displayed.

Digital Picture Effects

These digital picture effects let you record the subject with a more dramatic effect.

Type of Digital Picture Effects

B/W: To record in black-and-white.

SEPIA: To record in sepia colour similar to that of an old photograph.

MOSAIC: To record a picture divided up into tiles.

1 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 3 Select ▶, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "PIC. EFFECT" (①), then press ▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the desired digital picture effect, then press ◀◀.

- The selected digital picture effect is displayed on the menu screen.

PIC. EFFECT B/W

5 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

To cancel the digital picture effect

Select "OFF" in step 4 above.

Note:

- Digital picture effects cannot be used when a still image is displayed.

Setting the Confirmation Sounds

A confirmation sound is made when you turn on or off the Power switch, press the REC START/STOP button, or perform other designated operations. Use the procedure below to change the type of sound or to turn off the confirmation sounds altogether.

Type of Confirmation Sound Settings

CHIME: A chiming sound is made.

BEEP: An electronic beeping sound is made.

OFF: No confirmation sound is made.

1 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 2 Select ETC, then press ▶▶ on the Operation button. Select "SOUND" (①), then press ▶▶ (②).

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the desired sound setting, then press ◀◀.

SOUND BEEP

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Note:

- If "OFF" is selected, the sound effect of a camera shutter closing in PHOTO SHOT mode will also be turned off.

Using the Zoom Microphone (Optional Accessory)

With the optional zoom microphone VR-5MC, you can record audio according to the magnification of the zoom lens for producing the optimum sound. You can also set the zoom microphone to record only sounds at a distance.

Mounting the Zoom Microphone

1 Align the mounting pin of the zoom microphone with the mounting hole on the camcorder, and slide the zoom microphone in the direction of the arrow until it locks into place.

2 Turn the screw in the direction of the arrow to secure the zoom microphone.

Removing the zoom microphone

Turn the screw in the opposite direction than when mounting, and then pull off the zoom microphone.

Caution:

- Do not pick up the camcorder by the zoom microphone, as this may cause the camcorder or zoom microphone to break down.

Selecting Zoom Microphone Mode

Select a Zoom Microphone mode when the zoom microphone is mounted.

Type of Zoom Microphone modes

AUTO: The camcorder automatically selects the optimum sound according to the magnification of the zoom lens. When the zoom lens is at a wide-angle setting, the built-in microphone is used to record sounds. As the zoom magnification increases, the sounds from the zoom microphone and built-in microphone are mixed according to the zoom setting.

TELE: The zoom microphone is fixed to record sounds at a distance. (The built-in microphone is turned off.)

OFF: The zoom microphone is turned off. (The built-in microphone is on.)

1 Mount the zoom microphone to the camcorder. 2 Set the camcorder to CAMERA mode. 3 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 4 Select □, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "ZOOM MIC" (①), then press ▶ (②).

5 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the desired zoom microphone mode, then press ◀◀. The selected zoom microphone mode is displayed on the menu screen.

ZOOM MIC AUTO

6 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Note:

- When the camcorder is in Easy mode, the Zoom Microphone mode is fixed to "AUTO" and cannot be selected on the menu screen.

Advanced Features

Playback

Playback Zoom

The playback zoom function allows you to magnify the playback picture up to 10 times its original size and to shift the magnified picture by using the remote control (see pages 35 and 36 for use of the remote control).

1 During playback (or still playback), press the ZOOM T button to zoom in.

2 Press the Shift ◀, ▶, ▲, or ▼ button to shift the displayed image.

To cancel Playback Zoom

Press the ZOOM W button to zoom out to the widest angle.

Notes:

• Use of Playback Zoom may cause a reduction in picture quality for still images.
• Images in Playback Zoom mode cannot be transferred to a personal computer.

Gamma Playback

The gamma playback function improves the playback picture by increasing the brightness of the subject while leaving the brighter portions of the image unaffected.

GAMMA/BRIGHTER button

During playback, press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button once.

- “GAMMA1” appears, and the picture becomes brighter.

To obtain a brighter picture, press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button again.

- "GAMMA2" appears.

To cancel Gamma Playback

Press the GAMMA/BRIGHTER button until "GAMMA1" and "GAMMA2" disappear.

Note:

- Gamma Playback has no effect during still playback.

Playback Effects

Playback effects can be used to create an interesting scene transition between a still image and the following image during playback.

Type of Playback Effects

OVERLAP: A still image fades out as the next image fades in, replacing the previous image. The two scenes momentarily dissolve.

WIPE: A still image is replaced with the next image first appearing in the middle of the screen and gradually expanding to fill the screen.

Preparation

Plan the scene transition, and record still images with the still recording function (see page 33).

Notes:

• Playback effects can also be used to provide a transition from a still image to a moving image.
• Record images for 6 seconds or longer. An image recorded for less than 6 seconds may not dissolve properly.

Using Playback Effect

1 In VCR mode, press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 2 Select □, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "PB EFFECT" (①), then press ▶ (②).

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "OVERLAP" or "WIPE", then press ◀◀.

PB EFFECT WIPE

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen. 5 Rewind or fast forward the tape to just before the position where you want to use the playback effect, and then begin playback.

- The still image is replaced with the next image with the selected playback effect.

To cancel the playback effect

Select "OFF" in step 3 above.

Notes:

• Scene transition does not occur if Playback Zoom or Picture Effect Playback is used thereafter.
• Playback effects will be cancelled if the power source is interrupted.

Picture Effect Playback

These picture effects let you play back images with a more dramatic effect.

Type of Picture Effects

B/W: The picture is displayed in black-and-white.

SEPIA: The picture is displayed in sepia colour similar to that of an old photograph.

MOSAIC: The picture is divided up into tiles.

• The example screens for this feature are for VCR mode. 1 During playback, press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 2 Select □, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "PIC. EFFECT" (①), then press ▶ (②).

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the desired picture effect, then press ◀◀.

PIC. EFFECT B/W

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

To cancel Picture Effect Playback

Select "OFF" in step 3 above.

Note:

- Images in Picture Effect Playback mode cannot be transferred to a personal computer.

Editing

Video editing lets you refine your videos by removing unwanted sequences from your tape, or transposing one sequence with another. This camcorder lets you monitor the source program on the built-in LCD monitor without having to connect it to an external TV or video monitor.

Connect the camcorder to a VCR with the supplied audio/video cable, as shown.

Yellow: To video input jack White: To audio input (L) jack Red: To audio input (R) jack

Yellow: To VIDEO jack White: To AUDIO L jack Red: To AUDIO R jack

Notes:

• If your VCR has only one audio input jack, use the white plug for the audio connection on the VCR.
• If your VCR has an S-video input socket, you can use a commercially available S-video cable for the video connection. (The yellow video plug does not need to be connected to the VCR.)

Cutting Unwanted Sequences

1. Play back the tape to be edited on the camcorder, and locate the beginning and end of the sequence you wish to cut. Write down the time code reading at the beginning and end of that sequence (see page 40). Then, rewind the tape to before the beginning of the portion that you wish to keep. 2. Load a video cassette into the recording VCR. 3. Press ▶/Ⅱ on the camcorder to begin playback, and then press the Record button on the VCR to begin recording. 4. Press the Pause/Still button on the VCR to pause recording when the source tape reaches the beginning of the sequence to be cut. 5. Press the Pause/Still (or Record) button on the VCR to resume recording when the source tape reaches the end of the sequence to be cut.

To stop editing

Press ■ on the camcorder and press the Stop button on the VCR.

Notes:

• Some of the transitions between edited sequences may be slightly off.
• There may be picture noise during video search or still playback. This does not imply a defect in the camcorder.
• The time code display will be recorded along with the edited sequences if the TC OUT item is set to "ON". Set to "OFF" before editing (see page 40).

Editing with the DV Terminal (IEEE1394)

This camcorder enables you to perform digital video editing. Connect the camcorder to video equipment with a DV terminal using a commercially available DV cable. A DV cable is able to transfer all dubbing signals including video and audio.

To Record to Video Equipment

See "Cutting Unwanted Sequences" on page 54, using the video equipment as the recording source.

Note:

Make sure that the video equipment to which you are recording can input dubbing signals via the DV terminal.

To Record from Video Equipment

1. Set the camcorder to VCR mode, and insert a Mini DV cassette. 2. Begin playback on the video equipment connected to the camcorder.

Check the camcorder screen to see if the picture is being properly received.

3. Press the REC START/STOP button on the camcorder.

The camcorder enters the Recording Standby mode.

4. Press ▶/Ⅱ on the Operation button to begin recording.

To stop recording

Press ■ on the Operation button.

Cutting Unwanted Sequences

1. Press ▶/Ⅱ to pause recording when the source tape reaches the beginning of the sequence to be cut. 2. Press ▶/Ⅱ to resume recording when the source tape reaches the end of the sequence to be cut.

Notes:

• Make sure that the video equipment from which you are recording can output dubbing signals via the DV terminal.
• If the video equipment is not set to the playback mode or the DV cable is not properly connected, "NO SIGNAL" is displayed on the camcorder screen.
• If no picture or sound is input to the camcorder even if the DV cable is properly connected and you are playing back the source media from the video equipment, set the Power switch on the camcorder to OFF and then back to VCR, or disconnect the DV cable and connect it again.

Copyright Protection

The digital VCR has far superior recording and playback ability than the traditional analog VCR, and in order to protect digital video software copyrights, a system for managing copyrights has been established. Some digital video recordings with pre-recorded copyright protection signals can still be played back on this camcorder. However, these recordings cannot be output to a TV or an external monitor. If you play a digital video recording that has a copyright protection signal on video equipment with a DV terminal and attempt to record a copy of that software on this camcorder, "COPYRIGHT PROTECTED." appears on the screen and the recording is disabled.

Configuring Software for PC Connection

This camcorder can transfer still playback images in VCR mode or still images in CAM-ERA mode to a personal computer by using the supplied Video Capture Software.

System Requirements

• IBM PC/AT or compatible with Intel® Pentium® 133 MHz or faster processor
• Microsoft Windows® 95B, Windows® 95C, Windows® 98, Windows® 98 Second Edition, Windows® 2000 Professional*, or Windows® Me operating system • 32 MB or more of RAM
• 9 MB minimum of available hard-disk space
• SVGA (800 × 600 pixels) colour display monitor with 16-bit colour or higher • CD-ROM drive (for installation)
• RS-232C serial port
• Mouse or other pointing device * In the Windows® 2000 Professional environment, only the system administrator has installation access rights.

Installing the Software

1 Turn on the PC and start up Windows. 2 Insert the CD-ROM of the Video Capture Software into the CD-ROM drive. 3 Double click on the "My Computer" icon. 4 Double click on the CD-ROM drive icon. 5 Double click on the "Setup.exe" file. 6 Follow the instructions as they appear on the PC monitor until the installation is complete. 7 Restart the PC.

Connecting the camcorder to a Personal Computer

1 Turn off the PC. 2 Connect the camcorder as shown below.

- Before connecting the camcorder to the PC, make sure that the PC power is off to ensure that images are transferred properly.

3 Turn on the PC.

Notes:

• It is recommended to use the AC adapter/battery charger as a power source for extended periods of use. • Images with the following functions cannot be transferred to a personal computer. — VCR mode: Playback Zoom, Picture Effect Playback — CAMERA mode: Digital Zoom, Digital Picture Effects, Scene Menu
• To edit still images transferred with the Video Capture Software, use a commercially available image editing software.

Using the Software

For tips on how to use the Video Capture Software, refer to the operation manual located on the CD-ROM in PDF format. Follow the steps below to open the PDF file containing the manual.

Note:

- For the latest product information, be sure to read the "Readme" text file located in the "Readme" folder of the Video Capture Software CD-ROM. Select the "Readme" text file you prefer. The letters between "Readme" and ".txt" define the language; for example, "en" in "Readmeen.txt" stands for English, etc.

Installing Adobe Acrobat Reader

Adobe Acrobat Reader 4.0 or later is required for viewing the PDF manual of the Video Capture Software. If the Adobe Acrobat Reader is not installed on your PC, perform steps below to install one.

Language File name
Chinese, Simplified ar40	chs.exe
Chinese, Traditional ar40	5cht.exe
Dutch ar405dut.exe
English ar405eng.exe
French ar405fre.exe
German ar405deu.exe
Italian ar405ita.exe
Korean ar405kor.exe
Portugese ar405por.exe
Spanish, Castilian ar40	5esl.exe
Swedish ar405swe.exe

1 Insert the CD-ROM of the Video Capture Software into the CD-ROM drive. 2 Double click on the "My Computer" icon.

3 Double click on the CD-ROM drive icon. 4 Double click on the "Acroread" folder. 5 Double click on the desired language version. 6 Follow the instructions as they appear on the PC monitor until the installation is complete. 7 Restart the PC.

Opening the PDF Manual

1 Insert the CD-ROM of the Video Capture Software into the CD-ROM drive. 2 Double click on the "My Computer" icon. 3 Double click on the CD-ROM drive icon. 4 Double click on the "Manual" folder. 5 Double click on the PDF file of the desired language version.

- Adobe Acrobat Reader launches and the selected PDF manual opens.

Note:

- If the PDF file does not open, Adobe Acrobat Reader may not be properly installed. Refer to the steps of "Installing Adobe Acrobat Reader" to check the installation procedure.

Printing the PDF Manual

Print out the PDF manual so that you can consult it whenever necessary.

1 Open the PDF manual. 2 Select "Print" in the "File" menu.

Note:

• The menu expressions such as "Print" and "File" may vary according to the language version of Adobe Acrobat Reader installed on the PC. 3 Select your print settings, then click "OK".

Transferring Motion Images to a PC

It is possible to use the optional VR-PKU10E PixLab USB Digital Moving Picture Kit to transfer motion images with audio from the camcorder to a personal computer via a USB port.

* Included with the optional VR-PKU10E PixLab USB Digital Moving Picture Kit.

Notes:

• It is recommended to use the AC adapter/battery charger as a power source for extended periods of use.
• For details, see the operation manual for the optional PixLab USB Digital Moving Picture Kit.

Audio Dubbing Feature

You can add narration to recordings made with this camcorder, while preserving the original audio and video recordings.

Microphone for Audio Dubbing

You can use the built-in stereo microphone to record narration.

Built-in stereo microphone

Note:

• Audio dubbing cannot be performed via the DV terminal.

Audio Recording

In normal recording mode

12-bit audio recording

The audio is recorded in stereo on Audio 1.

Audio 1: Stereo (left and right) sound

Audio 2: No audio

16-bit audio recording

The audio is recorded in stereo with the left and right sound on two separate channels.

Audio 1: Left sound

Audio 2: Right sound

In Audio Dubbing mode

12-bit audio recording

The dubbed audio is recorded on Audio 2.

Audio 1: Original stereo (left and right) sound

Audio 2: Dubbed stereo (left and right) sound

16-bit audio recording

The dubbed audio is recorded on Audio 2 over the original right sound. Both the dubbed and original sounds are in mono.

Audio 1: Original left sound

Audio 2: Dubbed sound

Note:

- You can select the 12-bit or 16-bit audio recording mode by performing the procedure on page 27.

Audio Dubbing

1 Play back the recorded Mini DV cassette and locate the tape position where you wish to start audio dubbing. 2 Press ▶/Ⅱ to pause playback. 3 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 4 Select ☐, then press ▶ on the Operation button. Select "AUDIO DUB" (①), then press ▶ (②). - The audio dubbing screen appears.

5 Press ◀◀ to begin audio dubbing. Record your narration.

To pause audio dubbing

Press ◀◀.

To quit audio dubbing

Press the MENU/DISPLAY button. The audio dubbing screen disappears.

If you wish to change the dubbed audio or dub additional scenes

1 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the audio dubbing screen. 2 Repeat steps 1 to 5 above.

Notes:

- Audio dubbing cannot be used with recordings made in LP mode.

• It is recommended that you use Audio Dubbing only with recordings made with this camcorder. Use of recordings made with other digital video equipment may result in poor audio quality.
• Audio dubbing will automatically pause if the original audio changes from 12-bit mode to 16-bit mode or vice versa. Press ◀◀ to resume operation.
• Audio dubbing will automatically stop if a portion recorded in LP mode or an unrecorded portion of the tape is encountered.
• You can play back the dubbed audio and the original audio together or separately (see "Selecting the Audio Playback Mode" on next page).

Selecting the Audio Playback Mode

You can select any of the following audio playback modes.

Audio 1+2

• 12-bit recording in stereo (Audio 1 and Audio 2 channels)
• 16-bit recording in stereo (left and right channels)

Audio 1

• 12-bit recording in stereo (Audio 1 channel only) • 16-bit recording in mono (left channel only)

Audio 2

• 12-bit recording in stereo (Audio 2 channel only) • 16-bit recording in mono (right channel only)

1 Play back a Mini DV cassette with dubbed audio.

2 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

3 Select □□, then press ▶▶ on the Operation button. Select “AUDIO” (①), then press ▶▶ (②).

4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the desired audio playback mode, then press ◀◀.

5 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

- The selected audio playback mode indicator is displayed.

Note:

- The audio playback mode indicator, “AUDIO”, is displayed in different colours depending on the recording mode (12- or 16-bit) used for the recording being played back. A white display indicates 12-bit recording mode, and a green display, 16-bit recording mode.

Picture/Backlight Adjustments

If the picture is difficult to see due to ambient lighting or other factors, adjust the monitor picture settings.

- The example screens for this feature are for CAMERA mode.

Adjusting the Picture

1 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

2 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select LCD (①), then press ▶ (②) on the Operation button.

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select the item you wish to adjust, then press ▶. 4 Press ■ or ▶/■ to adjust the item to the desired setting.

Note:

- Close the LCD monitor to turn on the viewfinder when adjusting the "VF BRIGHT".

5 Press ◀◀, then press the MENU/ DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Adjusting the Backlight

1 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears. 2 Select LCD, then press ▶▶ on the Operation button. Select "BACKLIGHT" (①), then press ▶▶ (②).

3 Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "AUTO", "NORMAL" or "BRIGHT", then press ◀◀.

BACKLIGHT BRIGHT

AUTO: The camcorder automatically switches between "NORMAL" and "BRIGHT" depending on the ambient lighting. This mode is only available in CAMERA mode.

NORMAL: For use indoors or under moderate lighting conditions.

BRIGHT: For use outdoors under strong lighting conditions, such as bright daylight.

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Note:

- When the colour or tint is adjusted, the picture on the LCD monitor may differ from the picture actually recorded. Do not change the colour and tint settings unless it is necessary. (These adjustments only affect the monitor picture, not the recorded image.)

Useful Information

Hints for Better Shooting

- Position the subject in the centre of the scene. When you are using auto focus, whatever is in the centre of the scene is kept in focus.

Position the subject in the centre.

Focus manually when you need to position the subject off centre (see pages 41 and 42).

- Avoid backlit subjects. For the best picture, shoot with the light source behind you. When the background is brighter than the subject, the subject often becomes too dark. If you have to record with this lighting, use Gamma Brightness Compensation or correct the exposure level to improve the picture (see pages 29 and 45).

Light from behind Backlighting

• Before zooming, think about how to best frame the shot. Frequent zooming produces unattractive pictures. It also increases the battery power consumption.
• When image shaking is noticeable during zoomed-in telephoto shooting, use a tripod or push the Power Zoom control to the W side to zoom out.
• Horizontal panning (lateral movement) and tilting (vertical movement) should be done slowly to emphasize the wide expanse of a scene or the height of a building, and to make scenes easy to watch during playback.
• Use a wide-angle setting for fast-moving subjects.

Note:

- It may take longer to focus when zooming and panning are used frequently.

Lighting

For clear, good-quality recording, 500 to 100,000 lux is needed. Recording is possible with less light, but the picture quality may suffer. Adequate lighting is also essential for correct white balance.

Brightness (Lux)	Situation (Lux)
100,000	Blue skyClear day at noon (100,000)
10,000	Clear day at 10 am (65,000)Clear day at 3 pm (35,000)Cloudy day at noon (32,000)Cloudy day at 10 am (25,000)
1,000	Cloudy day, one hour after sunrise (2,000)Clear day, one hour before sunset (1,000)Fluorescent light near window (1,000)
100	Factory floor (700–800)Sales counter in department store (500–700)Bowling alley (500)Library (400–500)Office with fluorescent lighting (400–500)
	Fluorescent desk lamp (400)Flashlight at 1 m (250)Shop stairway (100)
10	During intermission at movie theatre (15–35)Cigarette lighter at 30 cm (15–20)Candles on birthday cake at 20 cm (10–15)Candlelight

Note: The figures in the chart are approximations.

Tips on good lighting

In most outdoor, daytime scenes, natural lighting is adequate for home videos. Indoors, however, artificial lighting is usually required. Video lights with halogen lamps provide the most natural artificial light over a long operating life.

Mini DV Cassette

Precautions when using a Mini DV cassette

- Be sure to use only Mini DV cassettes with the Mini DV mark.

- This camcorder can record and play back using Mini DV cassettes with cassette memory, but it cannot record or play back this memory.

• To record in LP mode, use a Mini DV cassette labelled for use with LP mode.

- Do not insert anything into the holes on the bottom of the Mini DV cassette or block them in any way.

- Avoid placing the Mini DV cassette in an area conducive to dust or mold.

- Do not place the Mini DV cassette near magnetic sources such as electric clocks or magnetic devices as this may adversely affect recorded material.

- When a previously recorded Mini DV cassette is used again for recording, the previously recorded material will be automatically erased.

- The Mini DV cassette will not operate if inserted in the wrong direction.

- Do not repeatedly insert and eject the Mini DV cassette without running the tape as this may cause uneven tape winding and damage the tape.

- Do not place the Mini DV cassette in direct sunlight, near strong heat sources, or in areas with excessive steam.

- Store the Mini DV cassette in its case and stand it in an upright position.

- If the tape is not properly wound, rewind the tape.

- Do not drop the Mini DV cassette or subject it to excessive shocks.

To protect recordings against accidental erasure

Slide the protect tab on the rear of the Mini DV cassette to the "SAVE" position.

Erasure protect tab

To record over a previously recorded tape, slide the protect tab to the "REC" position.

Battery Pack

This camcorder uses a lithium-ion type battery pack.

Charging

• Charge the battery pack immediately (or a day) before use. The battery pack gradually self-discharges even if stored in a fully charged state.
• Charge the battery pack between 10°C and 30°C.
• Fully charge the battery pack. Use of an insufficiently charged battery pack will shorten actual time of use.
• Refresh (discharging before charging) is unnecessary.

Use

• To conserve battery power, be sure to turn off the camcorder power when not in use.
• Battery consumption may vary depending on the condition of use. Recording with many starts and stops, frequent zooming, and recording in low temperatures will shorten actual recording times.
• Use of a weak battery pack may cause loss of power while operating the camcorder. Use a fully charged battery pack to protect both the battery pack and the unit.
• It is recommended that you have enough battery packs on hand to handle two or three times your estimated recording time. See page 17 for the approximate times of actual recording for the battery packs.

Battery power is consumed even when the camcorder power is turned off. If you are not going to use your camcorder immediately, remove the battery pack (see page 8).

Note:

- Use only SHARP BT-L221, BT-L441, BT-LS222 or BT-LS442A battery packs. These are designed specifically for use with this camcorder.

Storage

• Store the battery pack in a fully discharged state.
• Store the battery pack in a dry, cool place.
• When storing a fully charged battery pack, put the cover on it so that the "CHARGE" mark printed on the label is seen through the window, as shown.

When storing a battery pack that is not fully charged, put the cover upside down so that only the battery pack casing can be seen through the window.

Cautions:

• Improper handling of the battery pack may present a risk of fire or explosion. Pay close attention to the following: — Do not allow metallic objects to come in contact with the terminals. This can cause a short circuit. — Do not disassemble or repair the battery pack by yourself. — Do not use any battery charging equipment other than that designed for use with these battery packs. — Do not place the battery pack under direct sunlight or in excessively hot places (over 60°C) such as the dashboard of cars. — Do not expose the battery pack to moisture or water. — Do not drop the battery pack or subject it to strong force. — Keep the battery pack out of reach of children. — Dispose of used battery packs promptly. Do not dispose of them in fire.

- To protect the terminals, put the cover on the battery pack when it is not being used.

Notes:

• The battery pack will become warm during charging and use. This is not a malfunction.
• The battery pack has a limited service life. If the period of use becomes noticeably shorter with a normal charge, the battery pack is at the end of its service life. Replace it with a new battery pack.
• If the terminals of the battery pack are dirty, wipe the terminals with a soft, dry cloth.

AC Adapter/Battery Charger

• The AC adapter/battery charger may interfere with reception if used near a radio.
• Prevent flammables, liquids, and metal objects from entering the adapter/charger.
• The adapter/charger is a sealed unit. Do not attempt to open or modify it.
• Do not damage, drop, or subject the adapter/charger to vibration.
• Do not leave the adapter/charger in direct sunlight.
• Avoid using the adapter/charger in humid or extremely hot places.

Replacing the Fluorescent Lamp

This camcorder uses a fluorescent lamp to backlight the LCD monitor. If the monitor becomes dark or difficult to view, the fluorescent lamp may need to be replaced. Contact the nearest SHARP service centre or your dealer for further advice.

Cleaning

• Many plastic parts are used in the camcorder casing. Do not use thinner, benzene or other strong chemical cleaners. These may cause discolouration and damage to the casing.
• Clean the casing with a soft, dry cloth. If the casing is particularly dirty, wipe the casing with a tightly wrung cloth dampened with a diluted, neutral detergent. Then wipe it again with a soft, dry cloth.
• Use a soft cloth to wipe finger marks and other soiling off the LCD screen.
• Use a soft cloth, or compressed air and lens paper designed for photographic lenses to clean the lens and the viewfinder eyepiece.

Using Your Camcorder Abroad

Television signal standards and electrical voltages and frequencies vary substantially from country to country. When you are abroad, check the sections below before using the AC adapter/battery charger or connecting the camcorder to a TV.

AC Adapter/Battery Charger (Supplied Accessory)

The supplied AC adapter/battery charger is compatible with 50 Hz and 60 Hz electrical systems in the range of 110 V to 240 V AC.

Television Signal Standards

In any country, you can always watch the video picture by using the LCD monitor screen. However, if you want to watch the picture on a TV screen, the TV must be PAL system compatible. PAL is used in the following areas: Germany, Great Britain, Sweden, Denmark, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Holland, Finland, Portugal, Norway, Hong Kong, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Kuwait, China, etc.

Demonstration Mode

You can watch a brief demonstration of the special camcorder features in Demo mode. If the demonstration appears on the screen when you turn on the camcorder for the first time, cancel the Demo mode to use your camcorder.

Watching the Demonstration

1. Remove the Mini DV cassette from the camcorder (see page 10), and set the CAT'S EYE switch to OFF.

2. Hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA.

3. Press the MENU/DISPLAY button until the menu screen appears.

4. Select ETC, then press ▶▶ on the Operation button. Select "DEMO MODE" (①), then press ▶▶ (②).

5. Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "ON", then press ◀◀.

DEMO MODE ON

6. Set the Power switch to OFF, then hold down the Lock button and set the Power switch to CAMERA.

• The demonstration begins.

Cancelling Demo Mode

1. During the demonstration, press the MENU/DISPLAY button to pause the demonstration.

2. Select ETC, then press ▶▶ on the Operation button. Select "DEMO MODE", then press ▶▶.

3. Press ■ or ▶/■ to select "OFF", then press ◀◀.

DEMO MODE OFF

4 Press the MENU/DISPLAY button to turn off the menu screen.

Note:

- The demonstration will pause if you press the MENU/DISPLAY button. If you leave it for 60 seconds, or turn the power off temporarily and then set the Power switch to CAMERA, the demonstration will begin again.

Before Requesting Service

Before calling for service, please check the following troubleshooting table.

Power	Symptom	Possible cause	Suggested solution
	No power.	Power source is not properly connected.	Connect power source properly (pp. 8, 9).
		Battery pack is not charged.	Charge battery pack sufficiently (p. 7).
		Dew in camcorder.	Wait until dew dries (p. vi).
		Safety function is in effect.	Set Power switch to OFF and remove battery pack; wait for 2 seconds, then reinstall battery pack and turn on power (p. 8).
CAMERA mode	REC START/STOP button does not work.	Erasure protect tab on video cassette is open.	Close tab or use a new cassette (p. 64).
	Power suddenly turns off.	Camcorder left in Recording Standby mode for 5 minutes in CAMERA mode.	Set Power switch to OFF and then back to CAMERA.
	Auto focus does not work.	Manual Focus mode is engaged.	Set to Auto Focus mode (p. 42).
		Zoom used on close subject.	Zoom out from subject (p. 18).
		Subject has little contrast in brightness, or is full of horizontal or vertical stripes.	Focus manually (p. 41).
	Bright subject produces wide vertical lines.	Occurs when shooting subject with strong contrast to the background. Does not indicate a malfunction.	——
	Automatically zooms out without operating Power Zoom control.	Camcorder is unable to focus when zooming in on subject within 1.8 m, and automatically zooms out until it focuses on subject.	——
		No subject in the field of view.	Direct lens to some subject, or set zoom to widest angle before shooting (p. 18).
	On-screen displays automatically change.	Camcorder is in Demo mode.	Set DEMO MODE menu item to “OFF” (p. 67).
VCR mode	No image appears on connected TV screen.	Video input channel on TV or TV channel is not selected properly.	Select video input channel or TV channel properly (p. 21).
		Audio/video cable is not properly connected.	Connect audio/video cable properly (p. 21).
VCR mode	Symptom	Possible cause	Suggested solution
	Cannot play back, rewind or fast forward tape.	Position at beginning or end of tape.	Rewind or fast forward tape to desired point (p. 20).
	Video noise in image.	Dirty video heads.	Call for service, or use a commercially available video head cleaning tape (p. vii).
		Old or worn tape.	Use a new cassette.
General	Cassette will not eject.	Power source is not properly connected.	Connect power source properly (pp. 8, 9).
		Battery pack is not charged.	Charge battery pack sufficiently (p. 7).
		Camcorder is recording.	Stop tape and try again (p. 17).
	Viewfinder picture is hard to see.	Viewfinder dioptre is not properly adjusted.	Adjust dioptre (p. 15).
	LCD monitor picture is hard to see.	Inappropriate picture adjustments.	Adjust picture (p.62).
	Cannot edit to connected video equipment.	Audio/video or DV cable is not properly connected.	Connect audio/video or DV cable properly (pp. 54–56).
	Remote control does not function.	REMOTE menu item is set to "OFF".	Set REMOTE menu item to "ON" (pp. 35, 36).
		Remote control battery has run down.	Replace remote control batteries with new ones (p. 35).
		Remote control used beyond operating range.	Use remote control within operating range (p. 36).
		Intense daylight falling on camcorder remote sensor.	Protect remote sensor from exposure to intense daylight (p. 36).
		Obstacle between remote control and camcorder remote sensor.	Remove obstacle or use remote control from different angle (p. 36).

Notes:

- This unit is equipped with a microprocessor. Its performance could be adversely affected by external electrical noise or interference. If this should happen, turn off the power and disconnect the unit from any power sources, including the lithium battery, etc. Then reconnect the power sources to resume operation.

- If the characters displayed in the viewfinder or on the LCD monitor appear to malfunction, disconnect the power source and remove the lithium battery, then reconnect the power source, insert the lithium battery, and turn the power on again. The characters should be normal. Set the date and time, then resume operation.

Specifications

Camcorder

Signal System: PAL standard

Recording System: 2 rotary heads, helical scanning system

Cassette: Digital VCR Mini DV video cassette

Recording/Playback Time: 90 minutes (DVM60, LP mode)

Tape Speed: SP mode: 18.831 mm/second

LP mode: 12.568 mm/second

Pickup Device: 1/4" (6.4 mm, effective size: 4.5 mm) CCD image sensor (with approx. 540,000 pixels including optical black)

Lens: 26× optical/780× digital power zoom lens (F1.6, f=3.5–91.0 mm), full-range auto focus

Lens Filter Diameter: 37 mm

Viewfinder: Electronic LCD colour viewfinder

Monitor: 2.5" (6.3 cm) full-colour LCD screen (TFT active matrix)

Microphone: Electret stereo microphone

Colour Temperature Compensation: Auto white balance with white balance lock

Minimum Illumination: 1 lux* (with gain-up, F1.6)

Power Requirement: DC 7.4 V

Power Consumption: 4.0 W (during camera recording using the viewfinder in Full Auto mode with zoom motor off)

4.8 W (during camera recording using the LCD monitor in Full Auto mode with zoom motor off and backlight in normal mode)

Operating Temperature: 0°C to +40°C

Operating Humidity: 30% to 80%

Storage Temperature: -20°C to +60°C

Dimensions (approx.): 93.7 mm (W) × 118 mm (H) × 186.5 mm (D)

Weight (approx.): 710 g (without battery pack, lithium battery, video cassette and lens cap)

AC Adapter/Battery Charger (UADP-0321TAZZ)

Power Requirement: AC 110–240 V, 50/60 Hz

DC Output: 7.3 V

Power Consumption: 23 W

Dimensions (approx.): 69 mm (W) × 43 mm (H) × 113 mm (D)

Weight (approx.): 160 g

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

*Minimum illumination: Since there is no widely accepted testing procedure for determining minimum illumination capability, lux ratings are comparable only between models from the same manufacturer.

SHARP CORPORATION