MCP73123 - Electronic component Microchip - Free user manual and instructions

USER MANUAL MCP73123 Microchip

Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO _4 )

Battery Charger

Evaluation Board

User's Guide

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Table of Contents

Preface ....1

Introduction....1

Document Layout 1

Conventions Used in this Guide.... 2

Recommended Reading.... 2

The Microchip Web Site 3

Customer Support 3

Document Revision History.... 3

Chapter 1. Product Overview

1.1 Introduction ...... 5

1.2 What is the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Battery Charger Evaluation Board? 6

1.3 What the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Battery Charger Evaluation Board Kit Includes: 6

Chapter 2. Installation and Operation

2.1 Introduction ...... 7

2.2 Features 7

2.3 Getting Started 8

Appendix A. Schematic and Layouts

A.1 Introduction 11

A.2 Board – Schematic 12

A.3 Board – Assembly Drawing 13

A.4 Board – Top Layer 14

A.5 Board – Top Metal Layer 15

A.6 Board – Bottom Layer 16

Appendix B. Bill Of Materials (BOM)

Worldwide Sales and Service 18

NOTES:

Preface

NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS

All documentation becomes dated, and this manual is no exception. Microchip tools and documentation are constantly evolving to meet customer needs, so some actual dialogs and/or tool descriptions may differ from those in this document. Please refer to our web site (www.microchip.com) to obtain the latest documentation available.

Documents are identified with a "DS" number. This number is located on the bottom of each page, in front of the page number. The numbering convention for the DS number is "DSXXXXXA", where "XXXXX" is the document number and "A" is the revision level of the document.

For the most up-to-date information on development tools, see the MPLAB ^® IDE on-line help. Select the Help menu, and then Topics to open a list of available on-line help files.

INTRODUCTION

This chapter contains general information that will be useful to know before using the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board. Items discussed in this chapter include:

• Document Layout
• Conventions Used in this Guide
• Recommended Reading
  • The Microchip Web Site
• Customer Support
  • Document Revision History

DOCUMENT LAYOUT

This document describes how to use the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board. The manual layout is as follows:

• Chapter 1. "Product Overview" – Important information about the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board.
• Chapter 2. “Installation and Operation” – Includes instructions on how to get started with this user’s guide and a description of the user’s guide.
• Appendix A. "Schematic and Layouts" – Shows the schematic and layout diagrams for the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board.
• Appendix B. "Bill Of Materials (BOM)" – Lists the parts used to build the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board.

CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE

This manual uses the following documentation conventions:

DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS

Description Represents Examples
Arial font:
Italic characters Referenced books	oks MPLAB	^ IDE User's Guide
	Emphasized text ...is the only compiler...
Initial caps A window the Output	window
	A dialog the Settings dialog
	A menu selection select Enable Programmer
Quotes A field name in a window or dialog		"Save project before build"
Underlined, italic text with right angle bracket	A menu path File>Save	——
Bold characters A dialog button	Click OK
	A tab	Click the Power tab
'bnnnn	A binary number where n is a digit	'b00100, 'b10
Text in angle brackets <>	A key on the keyboard	Press,,
Courier font:
Plain Courier	Sample source code	#define START
	Filenames	autoexec.bat
	File paths	c:\mcc18\h
	Keywords	_asm, _endasm, static
	Command-line options	-Opa+, -Opa-
	Bit values	0, 1
Italic Courier	A variable argument	file.o, where file can be any valid filename
0xnnnnA hexadecimal number	where n is a hexadecimal digit	0xFFFF, 0x007A
Square brackets []	Optional arguments	mcc18 [options] file [options]
Curly brackets and pipe character: { | }	Choice of mutually exclusive arguments; an OR selection	errorlevel {0|1}
Ellipses... Replaces repeated text	var_name [,	var_name...]
	Represents code supplied by user	void main (void) { ... }

RECOMMENDED READING

This user's guide describes how to use MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board. The following Microchip document is recommended as supplemental reference resources.

MCP73123/223 Data Sheet, "Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Battery Charge Management Controller with Input Overvoltage Protection", DS22191

This data sheet provides detailed information regarding the MCP73123/223 product family.

Microchip provides online support via our web site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information:

• Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user's guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software
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• Field Application Engineer (FAE)
- Technical Support
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Technical support is available through the web site at: http://support.microchip.com

DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY

Revision A (July 2009)

- Initial Release of this Document.

NOTES:

Chapter 1. Product Overview

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The MCP73123/223 product family is highly integrated linear charge management controllers for lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO _4 ) batteries. The MCP73123/223 product family operates with minimum external components, which is ideal for use in space-limited and cost-effective applications. The maximum 18V rated input over voltage protection and battery short circuit protection offer designers a secondary protection in addition to the Li-Ion battery protection circuit.

This chapter provides an overview of the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board and covers the following topics:

• "What is the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board?"
• "What the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board Kit Includes"

REGULATED WALL CUBE CIN 1 VDD VBAT 2 VDD VBAT STAT PROG NC VSS NC VSS MCP73123 3 4 COUT + LiFePO4 Battery RLED RPROG -

FIGURE 1-1: MCP73123 Typical Application.

1.2 WHAT IS THE MCP73X23 LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE BATTERY CHARGER EVALUATION BOARD?

The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board demonstrates the features of Microchip's MCP73123 and MCP73223 "Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO _4 ) Battery Charge Management Controller with Input Overvoltage Protection".

The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board is designed with two independent circuits. The MCP73123 is designed to charge a single-cell LiFePO_4 battery, while the MCP73223 charges a dual-cell LiFePO_4 battery. Both circuits offer two different fast charging currents. The default value of fast charging current is 500 mA and when PROG via is tie to ground, the two parallel resistors output 1000 mA fast charging current to a battery pack. One blue LED status output allows user to learn if the MCP73123/223 is in charging state or not.

Note: Please refer to Table 2-2 for Charge Status Outputs and Table 2-1 for Fast Charge Current vs. Resistor Lookup Table.

The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board comes with installed MCP73123 and MCP73223 devices in 3 mm x 3 mm DFN packages. The factory preset battery regulation voltage is 3.6V for the MCP73123 and 7.2V for the MCP73223 with 10% precondition current, 10% termination current set point, automatic recharge and 6.5V over voltage protection threshold voltage.

The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board is designed to observe the performance and features of Microchip's MCP73123 and MCP73223. Circuits can also be implemented into suitable applications without extra work.

1.3 WHAT THE MCP73X23 LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE BATTERY CHARGER EVALUATION BOARD KIT INCLUDES

The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board kit includes:

• MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board, 102-00262
- Important Information Sheet.

Chapter 2. Installation and Operation

2.1 INTRODUCTION

The MCP73123/223 is a highly integrated Li-Ion battery charge management controller for use in space-limited and cost-sensitive applications. The MCP73123/223 provides specific charge algorithms for Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries to achieve optimal capacity and safety in the shortest charging time possible. Along with its small physical size, the low number of external components makes the MCP73123/223 ideally suitable for low-cost and small-capacity (less than 2000 mAh) LiFePO_4 battery applications. It will take longer time to complete a charge cycle for larger capacity LiFePO_4 battery packs.

The absolute maximum voltage, up to 18V over voltage protection, allows the use of MCP73123/223 in harsh environments, such as low cost ac-dc adapter.

The MCP73123/223 employs a constant current / constant voltage (CC-CV) charge algorithm and 3.6V per cell voltage regulations. The fast charge, constant current value is set with one external resistor from 130 mA to 1100 mA. The MCP73123/223 also limits the charge current based on die temperature during high power or high ambient conditions. This thermal regulation optimizes the charge cycle time while maintaining device reliability.

The PROG pin of the MCP73123/223 also serves as enable pin. When high impedance (typ. 200 kΩ) is applied, the MCP73123/223 will be in standby mode.

Typical applications for the reference design are Toys, Power Tools, Uninterrupt Power Supply, Backup Power Storage and applications in wider temperature range than typical Li-Ion batteries.

2.2 FEATURES

The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board has the following features:

• Input Over Voltage Protection:
• 6.5V for the MCP73123,
• 13V for the MCP73223
• Charge Regulation Voltage:
• 3.6V for the MCP73123,
• 7.2V for the MCP73223
  • 10% Preconditioning of Deeply Depleted Cells
  • 32-Minute Preconditioning Timer
  • 6-Hour Safety Timer
  • 10% Automatic Charge Termination
• 500 mA and 1000 mA Preset Fast Charge Current
  • Automatic Recharge
• Thermal Regulation
  • One Blue LED Charge Status Indicator For Each Circuit
  • Pre-installed MCP73123 and MCP73223 Devices

2.3 GETTING STARTED

The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board is fully assembled and tested for charging LiFePO _4 batteries.

2.3.1 Power Input and Output Connection

2.3.1.1 POWERING THE MCP73X23 LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE BATTERY CHARGER EVALUATION BOARD

1. Connect the positive battery terminal to V_BAT+ and negative battery terminal to V_BAT- .
2. Connect the DC power supply Negative Terminal to V SS.
3. Connect the DC power supply Positive Terminal to V DD.
4. It should initiate the battery charging cycle when the power source is present and V_BAT is below recharge threshold. For example, When V_REG is 3.6V, V_BAT needs to be lower than 3.42V to initiate the charge cycle.

Note 1: The MCP73123 circuit is designed to charge one-cell LiFePO 4 battery and the MCP73223 circuit is designed to charge two-cell LiFePO 4 battery.

2: The LiFePO _4 battery can be replaced with test circuit or electronic load that can sink current with DC power supply. Refer to Figure 2-3.

1. The charging status table is available on Table 2-2.
2. The fast charge current is preset at 500 mA and can be increased to 1A by connecting PROG via to ground.

Note: Fast Charge Current can be programmed with various resistors based on Figure 2-2 and Table 2-2.

TP1 VSS TP2 VDD C2 C1 MCP73123 R3 PROG R1 D1 R2 STAT U1 TP3 VSS1 TP4 VDD1 C4 C3 MCP73223 R4 PROG R5 D2 R6 STAT U2 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger TP5 VBAT- TP6 VBAT+ TP7 VBAT1- TP8 VBAT1+ 102-00262 MCP73X23EV-LFP

FIGURE 2-1: Board Top Assembly.

FIGURE 2-2: MCP73123/223 Charge Current ( I_OUT ) vs. Programming Resistor ( R_PROG ).

TABLE 2-1: MCP73123/223 RESISTOR LOOKUP TABLE

Charge Current (mA)	Recommended E96 Resistor (Ω)	Recommended E24 Resistor (Ω)
130 10k 10k
150 8.45k 8.20k
200 6.20k 6.20k
250 4.99k 5.10k
300 4.02k 3.90k
350 3.40k 3.30k
400 3.00k 3.00k
450 2.61k 2.70k
500 2.32k 2.37k
550 2.10k 2.20k
600 1.91k 2.00k
650 1.78k 1.80k
700 1.62k 1.60k
750 1.50k 1.50k
800 1.40k 1.50k
850 1.33k 1.30k
900 1.24k 1.20k
950 1.18k 1.20k
1000 1.10k 1.10k
1100 1.00k 1.00k

graph LR
    A["DC Power Source"] --> B["Volt Meter"]
    B --> C["R 5Ω 10W"]
    C --> D["Amp Meter"]
    D --> E["Microchip Battery Charge Management Controller"]
    E --> F["VBAT+"]
    E --> G["VBAT-"]
    F --> D
    G --> D
    H["GND"] --> A

FIGURE 2-3: Simulated Battery Load for MCP73123/223.

TABLE 2-2: MCP73123/223 CHARGE STATUS OUTPUTS

CHARGE CYCLE STATE STAT
Shutdown Hi-Z
Standby Hi-Z
Preconditioning L
Constant Current Fast Charge L
Constant Voltage L
Charge Complete - Standby Hi-Z
Temperature Fault 1.6 second	50% D.C. Flashing (Type 1)Hi-Z (Type 2)
Timer Fault	1.6 second 50% D.C. Flashing (Type 1)Hi-Z (Type 2)
Preconditioning Timer Fault	1.6 second 50% D.C. Flashing (Type 1)Hi-Z (Type 2)

Appendix A. Schematic and Layouts

A.1 INTRODUCTION

This appendix contains the following schematics and layouts for the MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board:

• Board – Schematic
• Board – Top Layer
• Board – Top Metal Layer
• Board – Bottom Layer

A.2 BOARD - SCHEMATIC

A B C D Rev Description Date 1 Initial Design 5/21/09 1 Rev 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

A.3 BOARD - TOP LAYER

TP1 VSS TP2 VDD MCP73123 C2 C1 U1 R3 PROG R1 D1 R2 STAT TP3 VSS1 TP4 VDD1 MCP73223 C4 C3 U2 R4 PROG R5 D2 R6 STAT Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger TP5 VBAT- TP6 VBAT+ TP7 VBAT1- TP8 VBAT1+ 102-00262 MCP73X23EV-LFP

A.4 BOARD - TOP METAL LAYER

Pure electrical circuit lines without any symbols

A.5 BOARD - BOTTOM LAYER

Two green rectangular panels with white circles at the center, no text or symbols present.

NOTES:

Appendix B. Bill Of Materials (BOM)

TABLE B-1: BILL OF MATERIALS

Qty	Reference Description	Manufacturer Part Number
4 Bump BUMPON HEMISPHERE .44X.20 WHITE 3M SJ5003-9-ND
4 C1, C2, C3, C4 CAP CERAMIC 4.7 μF 25V X5R 1206 TDK C2012X5R1E475M
2	D1, D2	Blue Water Clear 0603 SMD LED	Para Light USA	L-C191LBCT-U1
1 PCB RoHS Compliant Bare PCB, MCP73X23Evaluation Board			Microchip Technology Inc. 104-00262
4 R1, R3, R4, R5 RES 2.37K OHM 1/10W 1% 0603 SMD Panasonic ^® - ECG				ERJ-3EKF2371V
2	R2, R6	RES 1K OHM 1/10W 1% 0603 SMD	Panasonic - ECG	ERJ-3EKF1001V
8 TP1, TP2, TP3,TP4, TP5, TP6,TP7, TP8		PC Test Point Compact SMT	Keystone Electronics ^®	5016
1 U1	Single-Cell Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger with OVP		Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73123-22S/MF
1 U2	Dual-Cell Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger with OVP		Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73223-C2S/MF

Note 1: The components listed in this Bill of Materials are representative of the PCB assembly. The released BOM used in manufacturing uses all RoHS-compliant components.

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