KX-P1080 - Drucker PANASONIC - Kostenlose Bedienungsanleitung

Produkttyp	Impact-Dot-Matrix-Drucker
Abmessungen (B x T x H)	403 × 286 × 115 mm
Gewicht	Ca. 6,0 kg
Stromversorgung	AC 120 V, 60 Hz
Stromverbrauch	0,25 A (Bereitschaft), 0,5 A (Betrieb)
Druckverfahren	9-Nadel-Druckkopf, bidirektional mit Logiksuche
Druckgeschwindigkeit	Entwurf: 100 Zeichen/s, NLQ: 20 Zeichen/s
Schriftarten	Pica, Elite, Komprimiert, Proportional, Breitlaufend
Druckmodi	Entwurf, Near Letter Quality, Bitmap-Grafik
Zeichensätze	96 ASCII, 96 kursiv ASCII, 32 internationale Zeichen (11 Länder)
Papierzufuhr	Traktor (Endlospapier) und Reibung (Einzelblätter)
Papierbreite	Endlos: 102–254 mm, Einzelblatt: 102–229 mm
Puffergröße	1024 Byte (1 KB)
Schnittstellen	Parallele Centronics-Schnittstelle (Standard), optionale RS-232C-Seriell
DIP-Schalter	8 Schalter für Papierende, Seitenlänge, Zeilenumbruch, Überbrückung, Zeichensatz, 7/8 Bit
Wartung	Reinigung der Walze mit Spiritus, Austausch des Farbbandes (KX-P110)
Sicherheitshinweise	Vor Feuchtigkeit schützen, Gerät vor Reinigung ausschalten, Sicherungen 2A/125V und 3A/125V
Ersatzteile/Zubehör	Farbbandkassette KX-P110, optionale RS-232C-Schnittstellenkarte
Reparierbarkeit	Keine benutzerreparierbaren Bauteile; Service nur durch autorisierte Panasonic-Zentren
Umgebungsbedingungen (Betrieb)	Temperatur 5–40 °C, Luftfeuchtigkeit 20–80 %

Häufig gestellte Fragen - KX-P1080 PANASONIC

Wie installiere ich das Farbband?

Schalten Sie den Drucker aus. Schieben Sie den Druckkopf in die Mitte. Drehen Sie den Knopf am Farbband gegen den Uhrzeigersinn, um die Durchhang zu entfernen. Setzen Sie die Kassette über dem Druckkopf ein und drücken Sie sie nach unten, bis die Rasthaken einrasten. Stellen Sie sicher, dass das Band zwischen der Bandabdeckung und der Druckkopfspitze sitzt.

Wie stelle ich den Papiereinzug für Endlospapier ein?

Schalten Sie den Drucker ein. Stellen Sie den Papierwahlschalter auf TRACTOR. Entriegeln Sie die Traktoren, führen Sie das Papier ein und richten Sie die Lochungen aus. Schließen Sie die Traktorabdeckungen und verriegeln Sie die Hebel. Stellen Sie den Papierwahlschalter auf FRICTION, um die Spannung zu justieren.

Was bedeutet die blinkende Papier/Fehler-Anzeige?

Die Papier/Fehler-Anzeige leuchtet dauerhaft, wenn weniger als 38 mm Papier vorhanden ist oder kein Papier eingelegt ist. Sie blinkt bei einer Überlastbedingung, z. B. wenn der Druckkopf blockiert ist. Schalten Sie in diesem Fall den Drucker aus, beseitigen Sie die Ursache und schalten Sie ihn wieder ein.

Wie führe ich einen Selbsttest durch?

Halten Sie die LF-Taste (Line Feed) gedrückt und schalten Sie den Drucker ein. Der Drucker druckt dann kontinuierlich alle 96 ASCII-Zeichen, bis Sie ihn ausschalten. So können Sie die Druckfunktion ohne Computer testen.

Wie kann ich die Druckdichte ändern?

Die Druckdichte (Hervorhebung) wird über den Befehl ESC+E (Ein) und ESC+F (Aus) gesteuert. Im Hervorhebungsmodus wird die horizontale Punktdichte verdoppelt, der Druck erfolgt jedoch mit halber Geschwindigkeit (50 Zeichen/s). Sie können auch den Doppeldruckmodus mit ESC+G aktivieren.

Wie reinige ich den Drucker?

Schalten Sie den Drucker aus und ziehen Sie den Netzstecker. Reinigen Sie das Gehäuse mit einem weichen Tuch und mildem Reinigungsmittel. Entfernen Sie die obere und vordere Abdeckung und saugen Sie vorsichtig Staub im Inneren ab. Die Walze sollte nur mit Brennspiritus gereinigt werden. Achten Sie darauf, das Flachbandkabel nicht zu beschädigen.

Wie stelle ich den Druckkopfabstand ein?

Der Abstand zwischen Druckkopf und Walze wird mit dem Hebel am Druckkopf eingestellt. Bewegen Sie den Hebel zur Walze für Einzelblätter und von der Walze weg für mehrlagige Formulare. Dies gleicht die Papierdicke aus und verhindert Druckprobleme.

Was tun, wenn der Drucker nicht druckt?

Überprüfen Sie Folgendes: Ist der Drucker eingeschaltet und die Anzeige leuchtet? Ist der Drucker ON LINE? (Drücken Sie die ON LINE-Taste). Ist Papier eingelegt? (Papier/Fehler-Anzeige prüfen). Ist das Farbband richtig eingelegt? Ist das Schnittstellenkabel korrekt angeschlossen? Bei serieller Schnittstelle: Stimmt die Baudrate überein?

Welche Schnittstellenoptionen gibt es?

Standardmäßig ist eine parallele Centronics-Schnittstelle verbaut. Optional kann eine RS-232C-Seriell-Schnittstellenkarte eingebaut werden. Bei serieller Kommunikation werden die Protokolle XON/XOFF, ETX/ACK und DTR unterstützt.

Wie wechsle ich die Sicherung?

Der Drucker verwendet zwei Sicherungen: 2 A / 125 V und 3 A / 125 V. Schalten Sie den Drucker aus und ziehen Sie den Netzstecker. Öffnen Sie das Gerät nur, wenn Sie dazu befugt sind, und tauschen Sie die Sicherung gegen eine identische aus. Bei wiederholtem Durchbrennen wenden Sie sich an den Kundendienst.

BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG KX-P1080 PANASONIC

Operating Instructions

Impact Dot Matrix Printer

Panasonic

Before operating this unit, please read these instructions completely.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device in accordance with the specifications set forth in Subpart J of Part 15 of the FCC Rules. If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, use the equipment In another location and/or utilize an electrical outlet different from that used by the receiver. When using special accessories such as cables, the user should use accessories recommended in these operating instructions or supplied by the manufacturer to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device pursuant to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules.

WARNING: TO PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK HAZARD, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS PRODUCT TO RAIN OR ANY TYPE OF MOISTURE.

The serial number of the unit may be found on the label on the bottom of the unit. For your convenience, note this number below, and retain this book, along with your proof of purchase, to serve as a permanent record of your purchase in the event of a theft, or for future reference.

MODEL NO. KX-P1080 NAME OF DEALER

SERIAL NO. ____ DATE OF PURCHASE ____

DISCLAIMER

The material in this manual is for information purposes only. The contents and the product it describes are subject to change without notice. Panasonic Industrial Company makes no representations or warranties with respect to this manual. In no event shall Panasonic Industrial Company be liable for any damages, direct or incidental, arising out of or related to the use of this manual.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section		Page
INTRODUCTION
1.1	Product Overview	1-1
1.2	Names of the Parts	1-2
1.3	Specifications	1-3
INSTALLATION
2.1	Unpacking and Inspection	2-1
2.2	Site Requirements	2-1
2.3	Initial Setup	2-1
OPERATION
3.1	Switches and Indicators	3-1
3.2	Detectors	3-2
3.3	DIP Switches	3-2
3.4	Initialization	3-4
3.5	Self Test	3-5
3.6	Hex. Dump	3-5
3.7	Receive Buffer	3-5
3.8	Replacing the Covers	3-5
SOFTWARE COMMANDS
4.1	Introduction	4-1
4.2	Control Codes	4-1
4.3	Entering Control Codes Through Commercial Software Packages	4-1
4.4	Entering Control Codes Directly from the Keyboard	4-2
4.5	Entering Control Codes from Within a Program	4-2
4.6	Entering Hexadecimal Code	4-3
4.7	Single-Byte Control Codes	4-3
4.8	Multi-Byte Control Codes	4-10
4.9	Mixing Print Modes	4-69
4.10	DIP Switches and Control Codes	4-70
INTERFACING
5.1	Parallel Interfacing	5-1
5.2	Connector Pin Signals	5-2
MAINTENANCE
6.1	Preventive Maintenance	6-1
6.2	Periodic Maintenance	6-1
6.3	Troubleshooting	6-2
	APPENDIX A Character Set Tables	A-1
	APPENDIX B DIP Switch Settings	B-1
	APPENDIX C Download Character Matrix Blanks	C-1
	APPENDIX D Software Commands	D-1
	APPENDIX E Paper and Printing Area	E-1
	INDEX	INDEX-1

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure INTRODUCTION Page

1.1 Parts Location 1-2

INSTALLATION

2.1 Removing the Printer Cover 2-1

2.2 Removing the Carriage stoppers 2-1

2.3A Positioning the Print Head 2-2

2.3B Removing the Ribbon Slack 2-2

2.3C Installing the Ribbon Cassette 2-2

2.4A Paper Separators 2-2

2.4B Installing the Paper Separators 2-2

2.5A Paper Feed Selector 2-3

2.5B Inserting a Single Sheet 2-3

2.5C Aligning a Single Sheet 2-3

2.6A Unlocking the Tractor 2-4

2.6B Raising the Tractor Cover 2-4

2.6C Inserting Fanfold Paper 2-4

2.6D Mounting the Paper 2-4

2.7 Stacking the Paper 2-5

2.8 Setting the Top of Form 2-5

2.9 Adjusting the Print Head Gap 2-5

OPERATION

3.1 ON LINE & OFF LINE 3-1

3.2 Location of DIP Switches 3-2

3.3 Replacing the Front Cover 3-5

3.4 Replacing the Top Cover 3-5

INTERFACING

5.1 Parallel Interface Connector 5-1

5.2 Timing Diagram 5-3

LIST OF TABLES

Table	INSTALLATION	Page
2.1	Installation Requirements	2-1
3.1	DIP Switch Settings	3-3
3.2	Int'l Character Sets	3-3
SOFTWARE COMMANDS
4.1	Input Formats	4-10
4.2	International Italic Character Locations	4-18
4.3	International Character Set Locations	4-19
4.4	Print Mode Selection	4-25
4.5	Proportional Spacing : ASCII Draft and NLQ Characters	4-31
4.6	Word Processing Commands	4-32
4.7	Dot Resolution	4-35
4.8	Dot Density/Printing Speed	4-42
4.9	Line Spacing Commands	4-45
4.10	Mixed Print Modes	4-69
4.11	Software Control of DIP Switch Functions	4-70

INTERFACING

5.1 Connector Pin Configuration 5-1

MAINTENANCE

6.1 Troubleshooting 6-2

1.1 Product Overview

The printer is a durable, highly reliable dot matrix impact printer. In addition to being lightweight, the printer has a small footprint, making it an ideal choice for a compact work station.

The printer uses a 9 wire print head to from a 5×7 dot matrix character on a 9×9 field. In Near Letter Quality mode, the matrix is 18×18 which enables good quality printing. All 96 ASCII characters can be printed in both the normal and italic styles plus 32 International characters. The user can also enter characters of his own design such as math or scientific symbols.

In addition to pica (10 characters per inch) and elite (12 characters per inch) print modes, this printer can print in a compressed mode of 17 characters per inch and in a semi-compressed mode of 15 characters per inch. Compressed mode yields a total of 137 characters (132 characters when the printer is initialized) per line.

In addition to above four character pitches, this printer has proportional spacing mode, therefore full printing pitch feature (five in total) is available.

The normal printing speed is 100 characters per second (cps). Processing speed is Increased by printing bl-directionally. That is, the printer prints in the normal left-to-right fashion as well as printing right-to-left on the return trip of the carriage. Also, a logic-seeking technique is used. This gives the printer a look-ahead capability which allows it to skip the blank spaces at the beginning and the end of the line. It will also skip the blank lines between paragraphs.

Printing action and data processing are carried out simultaneously, this makes total throughput to increase and allows effective printing of 63 lines per minute.

A wide variety of printing styles allows the user to create unique documents and drawings. The user can make the character double width or compressed, emphasized or underlined, superscript or subscript, etc. Using bit-map graphics, the printer can produce special effects ranging from company logos to photo-like images.

The printer has friction and tractor feed capabilities as standard features. It can handle single sheet as well as fanfold paper. This enables the user to create letters on company letterhead stationery or print reports from the computer. The seamless ribbon can print up to three million characters. The cassette design makes changing the ribbon easy and clean.

A 1024 byte buffer (1K) is provided with the standard parallel interface. Serial communications is possible through an optional RS-232C interface board. The interface supports XON/XOFF, ETX/ACK, and DTR drop handshaking protocols.

1.2 Names of the Parts

Figure 1.1 Parts Location

1.3 Specifications

Power requirements:	AC120 V (60 Hz)
Power consumption:	0.25A during standby0.5A typ. during operation
Fuses:	2A 125 V, 3A 125 V
Printing mode:	Draft, Near Letter Quality, Dot graphics
Character set:	ASCII 96 characters, Italic ASCII 96 characters, 32 International characters(11 countries)
Dot configuration:	3/254 inch (0.3 mm) dot diameter
	Draft (Pica)	NLQ
	Dot alignment(Hor.×Ver.)	9×9	18×18
	Dot pitch (Hor.)	1/120 inch	1/240 inch
	(Ver.)	1/72 inch	1/144 inch
Character size
Ordinary characters:	0.078 (W)×0.095 (H) in. (1.99×2.42 mm)
Superscript/subscriptcharacters:	0.078 (W)×0.053 (H) in. (1.99×1.36 mm)
Number of characters per line(per inch):	Pica	80 CPL (10 cpi)
	Elite	96 CPL (12 cpi)
	Compressed	137 CPL (17 cpi)
	Semi Compressed	120 CPL (15 cpi)
	Pica elongated	40 CPL (5 cpi)
	Elite elongated	48 CPL (6 cpi)
	Semi Compressed elongated	60 CPL (7.5 cpi)
	Compressed elongated	68 CPL (8.5 cpi)
Printing speed:	Draft-Pica 100 CPS
	Draft-Elite 100 CPS
	NLQ 20 CPS
Printing direction:	Text printing (Draft., NLQ): Bi-direction
	Bit Image printing: Single-direction (left→right)
New line time:	Approx. 100 msec [with 1/6 inch (4.2 mm) line feeding]
Paper feed:	Tractor feed (with fanfold paper)
	Friction feed (with single sheet)
Paper used:	Fanfold (continuous) paper width: 4~10 inches (102~254 mm)
	Single sheet Width: 4~9 inches (102~229 mm)
	Height: 5~14.3 inches (127~363 mm)
	Thickness (paper weight in pound): 11~21.5 pounds(only 1 sheet)
Number of sheets:	3 max.
Paper thickness:	Total thickness of sheets must be less than 1/100 in. (0.25 mm)
Storage environment:	-4°F (-20°C) to 140°F (60°C) temperature, 10~90% humidity
Operating environment:	41°F (5°C) to 104°F (40°C) temperature, 20~80% humidity
Head service life:	100 million characters in draft mode
Ribbon:	Specially designed cassette seamless ribbon
	Ink color: Black (one color)
	Sevice life: Max. 3 million characters in draft mode
Dimensions:	15-43/50 (W)×11-1/4 (D)×4-53/100 (H) in. (403×286×115 mm)
Weight:	Approx. 13.2 pounds (6.0 kg)

2.1 Unpacking and Inspection

Carefully open the shipping carton and remove the contents. The carton should contain the following items:

Printer

Ribbon Cassette (1)

Paper Separators (2)

Operating Manual

Inspect the printer and accessories for damage. Report damages or shortages to the store from which the unit was purchased. Inside the front cover is an area for recording important information regarding the printer.

2.2 | Site Requirements

The printer can be installed in any normal office environment. No special wiring or cooling is required. However, a minimum of 4" (10 cm) is necessary to insure proper ventilation. The printer should be placed on a flat horizontal surface away from a heater or other heat source. The printer should not be used in an excessively humid or dusty environment. Table 2.1 lists the operating requirements of the printer.

Line Voltage	AC 120 V
Frequency	60 Hz
Temperature	41~104°F (5~40°C)
Humidity	20~80%

Table 2.1 Installation Requirements

2.3 Initial Setup

Removing the printer covers

To remove the top cover Ⓐ, lift the cover in the direction shown in Figure 2.1. Remove the front cover Ⓑ by pulling it forward and up.

Figure 2.1 Removing the Printer Cover

- Remove the protective paper around the platen.

Removing the Carriage stoppers

During transit the print head carriage is held in place by two carriage stoppers to prevent damage to the head. Remove them prior to operating the unit. Refer to Figure 2.2.

Be sure to replace them before transporting the unit.

Figure 2.2 Removing the Carriage stoppers

Mounting the ribbon cassette

Make sure the printer is off. Gently slide the print head carriage toward the center of the unit. Prior to installing the cassette, remove any slack in the ribbon by rotating the knob on the cassette counterclockwise.

Figure 2.3A Positioning the Print Head

Figure 2.3B Removing the Ribbon Slack

Position the cassette over the print head and lower it in place as shown in Figure 2.3 C. Visually insure that the ribbon slips between the ribbon cover and the nose of the print head. Gently, but firmly, press down on the cassette until the two wing tabs snap into place.

To remove the cassette, gently spread the wing tabs and lift up the cassette.

Figure 2.3C Installing the Ribbon Cassette

Mounting the paper separators

Paper separators insure the smooth flow of continuous or fanfold paper. Figures 2.4A and 2.4B show how to install the separators. First, install separator A in the holes at the top-rear of the case. Next, install separator B in the front set of holes.

Figure 2.4A Paper Separators

Figure 2.4B Installing the Paper Separators

Installing the paper

The printer paper feed mechanism can handle single sheets of paper or fanfold computer style paper. When using single sheets, the paper is held by pinch rollers which press the paper against the platen. For fanfold paper, the paper is pulled through the printer by the tractor mechanism.

Single Sheet

To install a single sheet of paper, follow these procedures:

• Turn the power switch ON.
• Place the PAPER FEED selector in the FRIC-TION position. Refer to Figure 2.5A. Raise the tear bar that is located in front of the platen:
• Feed the paper into the printer as shown in Figure 2.5B. The printer will grip the paper and rotate it about half-way around the platen.

Figure 2.5A Paper Feed Selector

Figure 2.5B Inserting a Single Sheet

• Rotate the platen knob to advance the paper. Tuck the paper under the tear bar, then lower the bar into place.
• To align the paper horizontally or vertically, set the PAPER FEED selector to the TRACTOR position. Refer to the Figure 2.5C. This releases the pinch rollers and allows the paper to be positioned as required. Set the selector back to FRICTION before printing. Refer to Figure 2.5A.

Figure 2.5C Aligning a Single Sheet

Fanfold Paper

The following steps describe how to load fanfold paper:

• Turn the power switch ON.
• Refer to Figures 2.6A and 2.6B. Unlock the tractors by pulling up on the tractor clamp levers. Slide the tractors out toward the sides and raise the covers.

Figure 2.6A Unlocking the Tractor

• Raise the tear bar that is located in front of the platen.
• Feed the paper into the printer as shown in Figure 2.6C. The printer will grip the paper and rotate it about half-way around the platen.

Figure 2.6C Inserting Fanfold Paper

Figure 2.6B Raising the Tractor Cover

Figure 2.6D Mounting the Paper

• Rotate the platen knob to advance the paper. Tuck the paper under the tear bar, then lower the bar into place.
• Set the PAPER FEED selector to the TRACTOR position.
• Position the tractors as required to align the paper sprocket holes with the tractor pins and close the tractor covers. Refer to Figure 2.6D.
• Center the paper horizontally using the scale on the tear bar as a guide. The printer will print between 0 and 80 on the scale. Press down on the tractor clamping levers locking the tractors in places.

- Place the PAPER FEED selector in the FRICTION position, as you do when loading single sheets.

- To insure smooth paper flow when using fanfold paper, be sure the paper is not stacked higher than the paper separators. By feeding the paper as shown in Figure 2.7, the weight of the paper will provide reverse tension. The paper should be directly behind the printer and not off to one side.

Figure 2.7 Stacking the Paper

Aligning the top of form

The printer has a line counter which keeps track of the vertical position of the print head. Each_time power is turned on the line counter is reset and the current position of the head is designated as line one. This location is referred to as TOP OF FORM. When the Form Feed (FF) button is pressed, the paper will advance the length of a page. A page is defined by the page Length Designation command.

The first line of text will begin about 16 (4.2 mm) from the top of the pack tension plate. (The distance between the bottom of the characters and the top of the back tension plate is about 16 (4.2 mm))

Figure 2.8 Setting the Top of Form

Adjusting the printing head gap

The distance between the printing head and platen can be adjusted to compensate for the thickness of the paper.

Figure 2.9 shows the location of the head gap lever. Move the lever towards the platen for single sheet and away from the platen for multi-part forms.

Figure 2.9 Adjusting the Print Head Gap

3.1 Switches and Indicators

Power switch

The power switch is located on the right side of the printer towards the rear. It is used to turn the AC power ON or OFF. When power is supplied to the printer the power indicator light on the front panel will be lit.

On-line switch

The ON LINE switch is an alternate action switch which opens and closes the communications line with the computer. When the power switch is turned on, the printer will power up in the ON LINE mode if paper is installed. If paper is not installed, the printer will power up in the OFF LINE mode. In the ON LINE mode, the printer is able to receive information from the computer and the ON LINE indicator will be lit. When OFF LINE, the indicator light will be out and the printer can no longer receive data. Refer to Figure 3.1.

graph LR
    A["COMPUTER"] <--> B["PRINTER"]
    C["COMPUTER"] <--> D["PRINTER"]
    style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333
    style C fill:#f9f,stroke:#333
    style B fill:#ccf,stroke:#333
    style D fill:#ccf,stroke:#333
    note1["ON LINE"] --> A
    note2["OFF LINE"] --> C

Figure 3.1 ON LINE & OFF LINE

When the printer is switched to ON LINE the following actions occur:

• the ON LINE light is lit
• the communications line is open between the printer and computer
  • an ACK signal is sent out
  • interface signal levels are:

Busy = Low

Select = High

Error = High

When the printer is switched OFF LINE the following actions occur:

● the ON LINE light is off
● the communications line between the printer and computer is interrupted
●interface signal level are:

Busy =High

Select =Low

Error = Low

Form feed switch

This switch is active in both OFF LINE and ON LINE mode. Pressing the FF switch will advance the paper from its current location to the top of the next page. Then a new top of form is established.

Line feed switch

This switch is active in both OFF LINE and ON LINE mode. Pressing this switch will cause the paper to advance one line. Multiple line feed can be accomplished by holding the switch down.

Print mode selector switch

The print mode selector switch allows the user to select one of three basic printing modes: draft, near letter quality and compressed.

Mode change by this switch is effective both when the printer is OFF LINE and ON LINE mode.

- Draft-mode (Std. Pgm.) is a high speed printing mode. The printer will print bi-directionally at 100 characters per second. This mode is used for rough drafts and preliminary documents.

Mode change from this mode to another mode can be executed through ESC command.

- Near Letter Quality-mode (NLQ) allows the user to print high quality documents. The high density is achieved by a double pass of the print head.

This print mode cannot be changed to any other mode through software program.

- Compressed-mode (Comp.) In this mode 132 characters can be printed per line (when the printer is initialized). Therefore printing output which is designed for wide [15.5 inches (394 mm)] paper, is possible on narrow [8.5 inches (216 mm)] paper.

This print mode cannot be changed to any other mode through software program.

Refer to CHAPTER 4 for details regarding each of these modes.

Paper/Error Indicator

The PAPER/ERROR indicator light is lit when there are fewer than 1.5 inches (38 mm) remaining on the paper or when no paper is inserted, and blinks in the overload condition.

3.2 Detectors

Out of paper detector

The Out of Paper detector is located under the platen and senses the absence of paper. When the printer runs out of paper the PAPER/ERROR light is lit. The following conditions are in effect:

• the printer does not accept data from the computer
• the printer is OFF LINE and the ON LINE light is out
  • the LF and FF switches are active
  ● the interface signal levels are:

Busy = High

Select = Low

Error = Low

PE = High

To re-establish communications with the computer, insert the paper and press the ON LINE switch. The printer will resume printing.

Do not use transparent and semitransparent paper because they are not detected.

Overload detector

An overload condition can occur when the path of thr print head is blocked. At that time the PAPER/ERROR light blinks. During this period the following conditions are in effect

• communication with the computer stops and the printer goes OFF LINE
• the front panel switches are disabled
  • the interface signal levels are:

Busy = High

Select = Low

Error = Low

To reset the printer, eliminate the cause of the overload and recycle the power. The printer will resume printing.

3.3 DIP Switches

Turn the power off before setting the DIP switches. The DIP switches allow the user to set certain operating conditions of the printer. Figure 3.2 shows the location of the switches and Table 3.1 is a summary of the switch settings.

Figure 3.2 Location of DIP Switches

The switch settings are read into memory on power up. These memory locations then contain an image of the switch settings. The computer can change switch settings by downloading new commands. The International character set and the skip perforation switches, etc., can be changed in this manner. Refer to Section 4.10 for information regarding software control of the switches.

SWITCH NUMBER	FUNCTION	ON	OFF	POSITION WHEN SHIPPED
SW1	Paper Out Detector	Ineffective	Effective	OFF
SW2	Page Length	12 inch (305 mm)	11 inch (279 mm)	OFF
SW3	AUTO FEED XT	Fixed Internally	Not Fixed Internally	OFF
SW4	Skip Perforation	1 inch (25.4 mm) Skip	No Skip	OFF
SW5	International	See International		ON
SW6	Character Set	Character Set Chart		ON ON
SW7
SW8	7 bit/8 bit	7 bit	8 bit	OFF

Table 3.1 DIP Switch Settings

SW5	SW6	SW7	INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER SET
ON	ON	ON	USA
OFF	ON	ON	FRANCE
ON	OFF	ON	GERMANY
OFF	OFF	ON	ENGLAND
ON	ON	OFF	DENMARK I
OFF	ON	OFF	SWEDEN
ON	OFF	OFF	ITALY
OFF	OFF	OFF	SPAIN

Table 3.2 Int'l Character Sets

PAPER OUT DETECTOR SW1

ON Paper out detector is not active and printing is possible in paper out condition. When using single sheets printing is possible in the last 1.5 inches (38 mm) of the sheet.

OFF Paper out detector is active and printing will automatically stop at the paper out condition.

PAGE LENGTH SW2

ON 12 inch (305 mm) form length is set.

OFF 11 inch (279 mm) form length is set.

AUTO FEED XT SW3

ON A Line Feed command (LF) is added to each Carriage Return (CR).

OFF Carriage Return only.

SKIP PERFORATION SW4

ON A 3 line margin is skipped before and after the perforation between pages. OFF Printing is continuous, NO margins around perforation.

The setting can be changed by the computer. Refer to Section 4.10.

INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER SET SW5, 6 & 7.

The combination of these switch settings is used to select one of 8 International character sets. The International character set diagram is located in Appendix A. This set can also be selected by the computer. Refer to Section 4.10.

7/8 BIT CODE SELECTION SW8

ON=7 BIT

OFF=8 BIT

This switch selects the size of the data word. If the computer sends a 7 bit word, the printer must also be set for 7 bits. If the two settings do not agree, random errors will occur and meaningful communication will not be possible. Refer to Section 4.8 for information regarding 7 bit and 8 bit formatting.

3.4 Initialization

A. Power up sequence

The following procedures should be followed when turning the printer on:

1. Insure the print carriage stoppers have been removed.
2. Load the paper and set the paper feed selector switch.
3. Be sure the ribbon is installed correctly.
4. Set the DIP switches as required.
5. Turn the power switch off and plug the power cord into an outlet of the proper rating.
6. Turn the power on.

B. Initialization

The printer is initialized under the following conditions:

—the AC power is turned on
—the PRIME signal is received
—the RESET command is received

When the printer is Initialized, the following conditions are set:

—the print head goes to the home position
—the print buffer is cleared
—the receive buffer is cleared (not cleared by RESET command)
—vertical tab settings are cleared
—horizontal tabs are set every 8 columns
—the DIP switches are read and printer modes set
—print mode is subject to the position of print mode selector switch
—present form position is designated as top of form
—all modes set by control and escape commands will be cleared
—the printer goes ON LINE

3.5 Self Test

The printer has a self test feature which allows the user to test the printer independent of a computer. The mode is entered by turning on the power switch while pressing down the line feed (LF) switch. All 96 ASCII characters will be printed continuously until the power is turned off.

3.6 | Hex. Dump

The HEX. DUMP mode is activated by turning on the power while pressing both the line feed (LF) and form feed (FF) switches. In this mode, all data received from the computer is printed in hex code rather than the normal ASCII characters. Function codes for the printer (CR, LF, HT, etc.) are not executed. To reset the mode, turn the power off, then back on.

3.7 Receive Buffer

The printer has a receive buffer of 1K bytes. This can reduce the computer's idle time caused by waiting for a printer to complete its printing. Therefore total throughput of the whole system will be increased.

3.8 | Replacing the Covers

First, insert the front cover as shown in Figure 3.3A Then push in as shown in Figure 3.3B

Insert the top cover (Figure 3.4A) such that the tabs on the front side slip under the front cover. Then push down so that the tabs on the side snap into places (Figure 3.4B).

3.3A.

3.3B.

Technical line drawing of a mechanical device with internal components and an arrow indicating direction (no text or symbols)

Figure 3.3 Replacing the Front Cover

3.4A.

3.4B.

Figure 3.4 Replacing the Top Cover

4.1 Introduction

In order for a computer to communicate with a printer, both pieces of equipment must understand a common language or coding scheme. One such coding scheme is called ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange). As an example, the ASCII code for the character "K" can be expressed in any of the following forms:

(01001011):—Binary

4B_hex , 4B_--Hexadecimal

75dec, 75b-Decimal

Many computers allow you to enter ASCII codes in hexadecimal form. Most computers which support ASCII allow the input to be in decimal form. Many allow you to enter the code in either form. Once entered, the ASCII codes are converted to binary form by the computer and then sent to the printer

In the sections which follow, you will see how to enter various ASCII codes to enable the printer to perform the functions you would like. Since the decimal equivalent of the ASCII code is most commonly used, all examples which follow will use the decimal form.

Appendix A contains the ASCII character and control command tables used by the printer.

4.2 Control Codes

The various printer functions are set through the use of control codes, which consist of one or more ASCII characters entered into the computer in a special way. These control codes often differ from printer to printer. Control codes generally fall into two categories: one-byte control codes and multi-byte control codes. The multi-byte control codes are often referred to as Escape Sequences since each code begins with the ASCII code for the ESCAPE character (ESC). Such an ESC character should not be confused with the Escape Key found on some computer keyboards.

Control codes can be sent to the printer from your computer in different ways. The three most common ways are:

• Through commercial software packages
- Directly from the keyboard
- From within a user-written program

The latter two methods will specifically reference the BASIC language, although other languages such as FORTRAN, PASCAL, etc., can also be used. We will use BASIC since it is relatively easy language to use. In addition it is the most commonly used microcomputer language.

4.3 Entering Control Codes Through Commercial Software Package

Many computer users do not have the time, the expertise, or the interest to develop software suited for their applications. In such cases software written by professionals can be purchased. Such software should be selected not only to meet the needs of the user, but must also be compatible with both computer and printer.

Commercial software is often written with what is called a driver. A driver is that part of the software which allows the user to configure the package to the type of printer and interface being used. Once the software has been booted, the user is generally requested to supply additional information such as:

• Brand/Model of printer being used.
• Slot number in which interface card is installed.
• Baud rate, parity, etc. if a serial interface is being used.

Once the necessary information has been supplied, the software will provide the computer with the control codes and other data needed by the printer.

Many word processing packages will request that you enter the ASCII codes used by the printer for special settings such as underlining, compressed print, super- and subscript, italics, etc. In all cases you should refer to your software instruction manual for the proper use of the package with the printer.

4.4 Entering Control Codes Directly from the Keyboard

With many computers, the BASIC language is ready to use once you power up. With others, BASIC must be loaded from cassette or disk. In any case, once BASIC is ready, you may then enter the printer control commands directly from your computer keyboard.

BASIC requires the use of the PRINT command (or LPRINT, Print#, etc. depending on the type of BASIC your computer uses) to process and send the control commands to the printer. As part of this PRINT command, you must supply the appropriate ASCII code(s) for the CHR\$ function.

For example, the command: LPRINT CHR\$(15) followed by a RETURN will set the printer to compressed mode. Subsequent output to the printer will appear in compressed mode.

If, after issuing the above command, subsequent PRINT statements output nothing to the printer, check for one or more of the following:

• Have you indicated to the computer that output is to the printer and not the screen? For example, PR#1, say, causes subsequent PRINT statements on the Apple® computer to PRINT to the printer and not the screen. (LPRINT does the same in Microsoft® BASIC).
• Is the printer on line? If not, press the green ON LINE button on the front panel.
• Is the interface cable plugged into the computer and printer?
• When using a serial interface, is the baud rate setting on the printer the same as that on the computer or interface card?

Notice that when you enter a BASIC command directly from the keyboard, you do NOT use a line number as you would in a BASIC program. Moreover, control codes may be entered only one line at a time.

4.5 Entering Control Codes from Within a Program

Control commands may also be entered from within a BASIC program. The advantage to this technique is that you can incorporate a number of different control commands into a single program and therefore produce output with a variety of special features. This is done by RUNning your program once. In this case BASIC requires that each line in your program be preceded by a line number.

As an example, we mentioned earlier that the command LPRINT CHR\$(15) entered directly from the keyboard would set compressed print on the printer. From within a BASIC program, this command might be:

50 LPRINT CHR\$ (15)

The remainder of this chapter will show you how to enter each of the control commands which the printer uses. All examples will be IBM-PC® BASIC programs which use LPRINT to access the printer and use decimal numbers for the ASCII codes.

NOTE:

1) When using the Microsoft Basic and inputting the data which includes more than 80 characters, the computer will send needless data, so that it is necessary to add the following commands at the top of the program, then send the data by PRINT #1.

10 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255

20 OPEN "LPT1:" AS#1

2) The Apple-II e computer can not send the (09)-. code by PRINT command. Therefore, when sending the (09).code in the graphic programs and so on, input POKE (49601),9.

4.6 Entering Hexadecimal Code

In the event that you will be entering ASCII codes in hexadecimal form, you must supply two extra characters per code. These are the ampersand (&) and the letter H. The example below illustrates the BASIC command to set compressed print on the printer.

Decimal

Hexadecimal

LPRINT CHR\$(15)

LPRINT CHR\$(&HOF)

Refer to Appendix A for the ASCII code table.

4.7 Single-Byte Control Codes

A number of printer control commands require only a single ASCII-coded character as part of the LPRINT statement. The command LPRINT CHR\$(15) which we discussed earlier is an example of a single-byte control command. The following 16 control commands are single-byte codes. Although not required, the semi-colon at the end of each command suppresses a line feed. Commands are listed in alphabetical order.

BACKSPACE (BS):

Prints data in print buffer and backspaces one space before printing next character.

Code: 8 DEC 08 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(8);

Example:	10 REM UNDERLINE BY BACKSPACING
	20 LPRINT "ABCDE";
	30 FOR I=1 TO S ...
	40 LPRINT CHR$(8);
	50 NEXT I
	60 LPRINT "____"
	70 END

ABCDE

Comments:

• Since BS backspaces the width of a character, the backspacing amount will depend upon the character mode set when the BS code was received.
  • See Example 2, Underline Mode, Section 4.8.

CANCEL (CAN):

Clears all data in the receive buffer.

Code: 24 DEC 18 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(24);

Example:	10 REM CANCEL
	20 LPRINT "CANCEL CLEARS";
	30 LPRINT CHR$(24);
	40 LPRINT "CANCEL CLEARS THE BUFFER"
	50 END
	CANCEL CLEARS THE BUFFER

CARRIAGE RETURN (CR):

Prints all data in buffer.

Code: 13 DEC 0D HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(13);

Example:	10 REM CARRIAGE RETURN
	20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
	30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
	40 PRINT #1, "0000";CHP$(13);
	50 PRINT #1, "////"
	60 END
	0000

Comments:

• If output appears as;0000 your computer probably issues an automatic line feed with a carriage return. Check your computer manual for details.
• When DIP switch 3 is ON, or AFXT signal is low, line is fed automatically by a CR code resulting in print out which appears in above comment.

DELETE (DEL):

Deletes the last character stored in the buffer.

Code: 127 DEC 7F HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(127);

Example:	10 REM DELETE
	20 LPRINT "COMPUTE";
	30 LPRINT CHR$(127); "ING"
	40 END
	COMPUTING

Comments:

Ordinary text character only may be deleted. Bit image data, spacing between output generated by consecutive TABs, and character mode designations cannot be deleted.

DEVICE CONTROL 1 (DC1):

Selects the printer remotely, enabling it to receive data (ON LINE).

Code: 17 dec 11 hex

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(17);

Example: See DC3

Comments:

Receipt of DC1 while the printer is deselected by DC3, enables the printer to receive data. Upon receipt of DC1 the print buffer data previously received will be lost.

DEVICE CONTROL 2 (DC2):

Releases the compressed character mode set by the SI code.

Code: 18 DEC 12 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(18);

Example: See SI

Comments:

- When emphasized and compressed character modes are set simultaneously, the compressed mode is ignored and emphasized characters are printed. However, when the emphasized mode is released, characters re printed in compressed mode. Use DC2 to release compressed printing.

- When the print mode selector switch is at "Comp." position, compressed mode is not released by DC2.

DEVICE CONTROL 3 (DC3):

Deselects the printer remotely, disabling it from receiving data.

Code: 19 DEC 13 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(19);

Example: 10 REM REMOTE SELECT/DESELECT

20 LPRINT "SELECT"

30 LPRINT CHR\$(19);

40 LPRINT "DESELECT"

50 LPRINT CHR\$(17);

60 LPRINT "SELECT"

70 END

SELECT

SELECT

Comment:

All data sent in deselect status become invalid. In order to return to select status, send DC1 code.

DEVICE CONTROL 4 (DC4):

Releases the double width (elongated) mode set by SO or ESC+SO.

Code: 20 DEC 14 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(20);

Example: (See SO or ESC + SO)

Comment:

DC4 does not release double width set by ESC+W+1.

ESCAPE (ESC):

First byte of each multi-byte printer control code.

Code: 27 DEC 1B -EX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27);

Example: (See section on MULTI-BYTE CONTROL COMMANDS)

Comment:

Cannot be generated by the ESC key on certain computers.

FORM FEED (FF):

Feeds paper to next top of form position after first printing any data in the buffer.

Code: 12 DEC 0C HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(12);

Example: (See ESC+C+0+n or ESC+C+n)

Comments:

• FF releases double width printing set by SO or ESC+SO.
• Amount of form feed depends upon page length set by the page length control command.

HORIZONTAL TAB (HT):

Executes the horizontal TAB as designated by ESC+D-n+n-...+n+0 or ESC+e+0+n.

Code:

9 DEC

09 -EX

Input Format: LPRINT CHRS(9);

Example:

(See ESC + D + n₁ ÷ n₂ ÷ ... + n₃ ÷ 0 or ESC + e ÷ 0 ÷ n)

Comments:

• If the value of the horizontal TAB is less than the present column position, that HT is ignored.
• If the value of the horizontal TAB exceeds the maximum printing width, all data within correct printing range will be printed according to the HT setting(s), and one line feed is executed.
• When in underline mode, the blank spaces between consecutive HT print positions are not underlined.
• When the printer is powered up. TAB is automatically set every 8 characters.

LINE FEED (LF):

Causes data in buffer to be printed and then executes a single line feed.

Code:

10 DEC

OA HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(10);

Example:

10 REM LINE FEED 20 LPRINT "0000000000"; CHR\$(10); "11111" 30 END

0000000000 11111

Comments:

• When the new line position falls within the skip perforation range, the paper advances to the next top of form position.
• If no data precedes the LF code, if all preceding data is SPACE, only line feed is performed.
• The amount of spacing generated by LF is a function of the line spacing setting.
• Receipt of the LF code releases double width printing set by SO or ESC+SO.

NULL (NULL):

Last byte of certain multi-byte printer control codes.

Code:

0 LEC

00 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHRS(0);

Example: (See section on MULTI-BYTE CONTROL COMMANDS)

SHIFT IN (SI):

Sets the compressed printing character mode.

Code: 15 DEC OF HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(15);

Example: 10 REM COMPRESSED CHARACTERS 20 LPRINT "NORMAL MODE"; 30 LPRINT CHR\$(15); 40 LPRINT "COMPRESSED MODE"; 50 LPRINT CHR\$(18); 60 LPRINT "BACK TO NORMAL MODE" 70 END

NORMAL MODE COMPRESSED MODE BACK TO NORMAL MODE

Comments:

- DC2 releases the compressed character mode, and subsequent characters are printed in pica pitch.

- This command is ineffective when the printer is in 12 CPI (ELITE PITCH) mode or proportional mode

- When the emphasized and compressed character modes are both set, compressed printing is ignored and characters are printed in emphasized mode only. However, after the emphasized mode has been released, compressed printing must still be released.

- In compressed mode, 17 characters per inch (132 characters per line when the printer is initialized.) are printed.

- To print more than 132 characters per line, the right margin must be set, say, to 137 via the command ESC + Q + n .

SHIFT OUT (SO):

Sets one-line double width (elongated) printing character mode.

Code: 14 DEC 0E HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(14);

Example:	10 REM DOUBLE WIDTH PRINTING
	20 LPRINT "NORMAL WIDTH"; CHR(10);
	30 LPRINT CHR(14);
	40 LPRINT "DOUBLE WIDTH"; CHR$(10);
	50 LPRINT "RELEASED BY (LF)"
	60 END

NORMAL WIDTH

DOUBLE WIDTH

RELEASED BY (LF)

Comments:

• Double width printing set by SO is released when:
  —a LF, FF, VT is executed
  —ESC+W+0 is executed
  —the printer is initialized
  —DC4 is executed
• SO and ESC+SO are interchangeable.

VERTICAL TAB (VT):

Executes the vertical TAB as desigitated by ESC+B+n+n+...+n+0 or ESC+e-1+n.

Code: 11 DEC OB

Input Format: LPRINT CHRS(11);

Example: (See ESC+B+n+zn+...÷n.+0 or ESC-e+1÷n)

Comments:

• When TABs are set with VT setting command and when there is no tab setting on a position exceeding present line, data are printed out and paper is fed to the next page's top of form. (same as FF)
• When vertical TAB has not been set by ESC + B ÷ n_1 + n_2 + + n_x ÷ 0 or ESC + e + 1 + n execution of VT causes data in the buffer to be printed and advances the paper one line. (same function as LF).

4.8 Multi-Byte Control Codes

Multi-byte control codes, often called Escape control codes or Escape sequences, always begin with an ESC designation. ESC is designated by CHR\(27) in decimal form or CHR\(&H1B) in hexadecimal form. The ESC designation is always followed by one or more additional codes, hence, the name multi-byte control code.

In BASIC, these two or more bytes are joined (or concatenated) into a single command or string using either a plus (+) sign, a semicolon (;), or by neither symbol but rather by listing one byte after another without any spaces. BASIC on many computers allows you to use any of these formats. Refer to your BASIC manual for the proper method of string concatenation.

Table 4.1 shows equivalent methods of entering multi-byte control commands for most computers.

There is one remaining input format commonly used to reduce the keystrokes necessary to enter a multi-byte control command. As you examine the multi-byte control commands in the pages ahead, you will notice that the second byte, with the exception of ESC+SO and ESC+SI, is always a character which appears somewhere on your keyboard. In such cases, rather than enter that character's ASCII code as part of the CHR\$ function, you may simply enter that character in quotes ("). For example, to set pica pitch (ESC+P), you may enter:

LPRINT CHR\(27) + CHR\(80):

or

LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "P";

As another example, to set double width printing, you may enter;

LPRINT CHR\(27)+CHR\(87)+CHR\$(1);

or

LPRINT CHR\(27) + "W" + CHR\(1):

With this method, any of the three input formats shown in Table 4.1 may also be used (subject to the BASIC you are using).

Multi-byte control codes can be summarized by the following classifications:

• Character mode commands
• Word processing commands
- Bit image (graphics) mode commands
• Line spacing commands
• Paper feed commands
• Page format commands
◆ Data control commands
- Donwloadable character commands
- Miscellaneous commands

	Two-Byte Command	Three-Byte Command
Function Name Code	Set Pica PitchESC+P27,80 dec	Set Double Width PrintingESC+W+127,87,1 dec
Input Format 1 Input Format 2 Input Format 3	LPRINT CHR(27)+CHR(80);LPRINT CHR(27);CHR(80);LPRINT CHR(27)CHR(80);	LPRINT CHR(27)+CHR(87)+CHR(1);LPRINT CHR(27);CHR(87);CHR(1);LPRINT CHR(27)CHR(87)CHR$(1);

Table 4.1 Input Formats

Character mode commands

Character mode commands enable you to control character size (number of characters per inch horizontally and vertically), character set (resident ASCII characters), character intensity (darkness), and underlining.

Character Size

Character size refers to the spacing between characters (called pitch), the height of characters, or both. In this section we will discuss pica, elite, double width, superscript and subscript printing.

While compressed and one form of double width printing rightfully belong in this section, they are single-byte control commands. Below is the list of these single-byte commands. For details, refer to Section 4.7.

Single-Byte Control Command

SHIFT IN (SI)

DEVICE CONTROL 2 (DC2)

SHIFT OUT (SO)

DEVICE CONTROL 4 (DC4)

Function

Sets compressed printing

Releases compressed printing

Sets one-line double width printing

Releases one-line double width printing

PICA PITCH:

Sets printing to 10 characters per inch (80 characters per line).

And selects draft fonts.

Name: ESC+P

Code: 27,80 DEC 1B,50 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "P";

Example: 10 REM PICA PITCH

20 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"F";

30 LPRINT "PICA"

40 FOR I=1 TO 3

50 LPRINT "ABCDE";

60 NEXT I

70 LPRINT CHR\$(10);

BO END

PICA

ABCDEABCDEABCDE

Comments:

• Pica pitch can be changed to elite, compressed, proportional etc. by entering the appropriate control commands.
• When the print mode selector is not at "Std. Pgm." position, this command is not operational.
• This command releases NLQ mode.

ELITE PITCH:

Sets printing to 12 characters per inch (96 characters per line). And selects draft fonts.

Name: ESC+M

Code: 27,77 DEC 1B,4D HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "M";

Example: 10 REM ELITE PITCH

20 LPRINT "----PICA----"
30 LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "M";
40 LPRINT "----ELITE----"
50 END

----PICA----

----ELITE----

Comments:

• The elite and compressed modes cannot be used together. In the elite pitch, the compressed print setting will be ignored.
• If the elite pitch designation is made after compressed or proportional spacing mode has been set, compressed or proportional spacing mode is released and the elite pitch remains in effect.
• When the print mode selector is not at "Std. Pgm." position, this command is not operational.
• This command releases NLQ mode.

DOUBLE WIDTH PRINTING:
Sets the double width (elongated) printing character mode.

Name:	Setting: ESC+W-n n=1,49,129,177Release: ESC+W-m m=0,48,128,176
Code:	Setting: 27,87,ndec 1B,57,nhexRelease: 27,87,mdec 1B,57,m+ex
Input Format:	Setting: LPRINT CHR(27) + "W" + CHR(1);Release: LPRINT CHR(27) + "W" + CHR(0);
Example:	10 REM DOUBLE WIDTH USING ESC+W+120 LPRINT "NORMAL WIDTH"; CHR(10);30 LPRINT CHR(27) + "W" + CHR(1);40 LPRINT "DOUBLE WIDTH";50 LPRINT CHR(20); CHR(10);60 LPRINT "NOT RELEASED BY LF OR DC4"; CHR(10);70 LPRINT CHR(27) + "W" + CHR(0);80 LPRINT "RELEASED BY ESC+W+0"90 END
	NORMAL WIDTHDOUBLE WIDTHNOT RELEASED BY LF OR DC4RELEASED BY ESC+W+0

Comments:

• Double width printing set by ESC+W+1 is not released by a LF or DC4.
• Double width printing set by SO or ESC+SO is also released by ESC+W+0.

DOUBLE WIDTH PRINTING (ONE-LINE):

Sets the one-line double width (elongated) printing character mode.

Name: Setting: ESC+SO

Release 1: DC4

Release 2: ESC+W+0

Code: Setting: 27,14 DEC 1B,0E HEX

Release 1: 20 DEC 14 HEK

Release 2: 27,87,0 DEC 1B,57,00 HEX

Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR\(27)+CHR\(14);

Release 1:LPRINT CHR\$(20);

Release 2:LPRINT CHR\(27) + "W" + CHR\(0);

Example: 10 REM DOUBLE WIDTH PRINTING

20 LPRINT "NORMAL WIDTH"; CHR\$(10);

30 LPRINT CHR\(27)+CHR\(14);

40 LPRINT "DOUBLE WIDTH"; CHR\$(10);

50 LPRINT "RELEASED BY (LF)"

60 END

NORMAL WIDTH

DOUBLE WIDTH

RELEASED BY (LF)

Comments:

- Double width printing set by ESC+SO and SO are the same (see SO).

- One-line double width printing mode is released by line feed caused by LF, VT and FF code.

COMPRESSED PRINTING MODE:

Sets the compressed printing character mode.

Name: ESC+SI

Code: 27,15 DEC 1B,0F HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27)+CHR\(15);

Comments:

- Compressed printing mode set by ESC+SI and SI are the same. (see SI).

- Refer to SI for printing more than 132 characters on a line.

SUPERSCRIPT PRINTING:

Sets superscript mode with characters printed on the top-half of line. Characters are reduced to 1/2 their original height.

Name:	Setting:	ESC+S+n	n=0, 48, 128, 176
	Release:	ESC+T

Code:	Setting:	27,83,n DEC	1B,53,n HEX
	Release:	27,84 DEC	1B,54 HEX

Input Format:	Setting:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "S" + CHRS(0);
	Release:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "T";

Example:

(See SUBSCRIPT)

Comments:

• Superscript characters are normal width.
• To print very small characters, such as exponents, set superscript and compressed modes simultaneously.
• Superscript characters cannot be printed in the near letter quality mode.
• ESC+T also releases the subscript print setting.
  • See subscript comments.

SUBSCRIPT PRINTING:

Sets subscript mode with characters printed on the bottom half of line.

Characters are reduced to 1/2 their original height.

Name:

Setting: ESC+S+n n=1,49,129,177

Release: ESC+T

Code:

Setting: 27,83,n dec 1B,53,n hex

Release: 27,84 DEC 1B,54 HEX

Input Format:

Setting: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "S" + CHR\(1);

Release: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "T":

Example:

10 REM SUPER/SUB SCRIPT

20 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "-" + CHR\(1);

30 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "S" + CHR\(0);

40 LPRINT "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZKLMN - SUPERSCRIPT"

50 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "S" + CHR\(1);

60 LPRINT "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP - SUBSCRIPT"

70 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"T";

BO LPRINT "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP"

90 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "-" + CHR\(O);

100 END

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ - SUPERSCRIPT

AECREFCHIJKLMN - SWERGRIET

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

Comments:

- Subscript characters are normal width.

- To print very small characters, such as exponents, set subscript and compressed modes simultaneously.

- Subscript characters cannot be printed in the near letter quality mode.

- ESC+T also releases the superscript print setting.

- In both the subscript and superscript mode, the printer performs double-strike, single direction printing. Following the first pass of the print head, the paper is feed 1/216 inch, and the line is printed again. The printer automatically compensates for the paper feed to maintain the proper line count.

Character Set

Character set commands enable you to access a variety of ASCII character sets available on the printer. Within each character mode you may then input the appropriate control commands to access specific character sets.

Appendix A contains the ASCII character set.

You may access normal, italic, and international characters.

ITALIC CHARACTERS:
Selects italic character printing.

Name:	Setting: ESC+4Release: ESC+5
Code:	Setting: 27,52 cec Release: 27,53 csc	1B,34 HEX1B,35 HEX
Input Format:	Setting: LPRINT CHR(27)+"4";Release: LPRINT CHR(27)+"5";
Example:	10 REM ITALIC SETTING/RELEASE20 LPRINT CHR(27)+"4";30 LPRINT "ITALIC CHARACTERS ON"40 LPRINT CHR(27)+"5";50 LPRINT "ITALIC CHARACTERS OFF"60 END
	ITALIC CHARACTERS ONITALIC CHARACTERS OFF

Comments:

• Italic characters can be printed in draft and near letter quality modes.
• Italic characters in locations 160_DEC - 254_DEC (A0-Ex-FEHEX) are printed in place of characters in locations 32_DEC - 126_DEC (20HEX-7EHEX).

ITALIC INTERNATIONAL CHARACTERS:
Allocates locations 128 DEC –159 DEC (80 HEX –9F HEX ) and 255 DEC (FF HEX ) to italic international characters.

Name:	Setting: ESC+6Release: ESC+7
Code:	Setting: 27,54 dec Release: 27,55 dec	1B,36 hex1B,37 hex
Input Format:	Setting: LPRINT CHR(27)+"6";Release: LPRINT CHR(27)+"7";
Example:	10 REM ITALIC INTERNATIONAL CHARACTERS20 LPRINT "ITALIC INTERNATIONAL CHARACTERS"30 LPRINT CHR(27)+"6"; CHR(10);40 FOR I=128 TO 15950 LPRINT CHR(I);60 NEXT I70 LPRINT CHR(255)80 LPRINT CHR$(27)+"7";90 END
	ITALIC INTERNATIONAL CHARACTERS
	àèùì °£,¿s#r##Aáç§8fæ0φ "àòàòüe≠0

Comments:

Table 4.2 illustrates allocation of italic international characters to their respective locations. This command is effective to register fonts in the area of 128_DEC - 159_DEC , 255_DEC .

LOCATION		CHAR.	LOCATION		CHAR.	LOCATION		CHAR.	LOCATION		CHAR.
DEC	HEX		DEC	HEX		DEC	HEX		DEC	HEX
128	80	à	137	89		146	92		155	9B
129	81	è	138	8A		147	93		156	9C
130	82	ù	139	8B		148	94		157	9D
131	83	ò	140	8C	Pt	149	95		158	9E
132	84	l	141	8D		150	96	..	159	9F
133	85	°	142	8E		151	97		255	FF
134	86	£	143	8F		152	98
135	87	i	144	90		153	99
136	88	¿	145	91		154	9A

Table 4.2 International Italic Character Locations

INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER SET:

Selects any one of 11 international character sets.

Name: ESC+R+n 0≤n≤10

Code: 27,82,n ofc 1B,52,n HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) - "R" + CHR\(n);

Example: 10 REH SELECT GERMAN CHARACTERS 20 LPRINT "PRINT SAMPLE IN GERMAN" 30 LPRINT CHR\$(10); 40 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "R" + CHR\(2); 50 LPRINT "DE"; CHR\$(93); "TSCH" 60 END

PRINT SAMPLE IN GERMAN

DEUTSCH

Comments:

• Table 4.3 illustrates allocation of international characters to their respective locations.
• International character sets 0-7 can be set with DIP switches 5, 6, and 7.
• Character sets 8, 9, and 10 can be accessed through software ONLY.

n

35o23h

36o24h

64o40h

91o5Bh

92o5Ch

93o5Dh

94o5Eh

96o60h

123o7Bh

124o7Ch

125o7Dh

126o7Eh

USA

0

#

@

[

\

]

^

|

~

FRANCE

1

#

à

°

ç

§

^

é

ù

è

..

GERMANY

2

#

§

Ä

Ö

Ü

^

ä

ö

ü

ß

ENGLAND

3

£

@

[

\

]

^

{

|

}

~

DENMARK I

4

#

@

Æ

∅

Å

^

æ

ø

å

~

SWEDEN

5

#

α

É

Ä

Ö

Å

Ü

é

ä

ö

å

ü

ITALY

6

#

@

°

\

é

^

ü

à

ò

è

i

SPAIN

7

Pt

@

i

Ñ

¿

^

..

ñ

~

JAPAN

8

#

@

[

¥

]

^

{

|

}

~

NORWAY

9

#

α

É

Æ

∅

Å

Ü

é

æ

ø

å

ü

DENMARK II

10

#

$

É

Æ

∅

Å

Ü

é

æ

ø

å

ü

Table 4.3 International Character Set Locations

Character Intensity

Character intensity (or darkness) can be controlled through the use of a few special control commands. Other than the normal draft printing mode, you can access the emphasis, double printing, and near letter quality modes. Each is discussed below.

EMPHASIS MODE:

Sets printing to twice the original horizontal dot density.

Name:	Setting:	ESC+E
	Release:	ESC+F

Code:	Setting:	27,69 DEC	1B,45 HEX
	Release:	27,70 DEC	1B,46 HEX

Input Format:	Setting:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "E";
	Release:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "F";

Example:	10 REM EMPHASIZED MODE
	20 LPRINT CHR(27) + "E";
	30 LPRINT "EMPHASIZED CHARACTERS"
	40 LPRINT CHR(27) + "F";
	50 LPRINT "NORMAL CHARACTERS"
	60 END

EMPHASIZED CHARACTERS

NORMAL CHARACTERS

Comments:

• Emphasized characters are printed at half speed (50 cps in pica pitch).
• When emphasis and compressed printing are both set, compressed printing is ignored. However, upon releasing the emphasis printing, characters will be printed in compressed form, compressed printing must therefore be released.
• Emphasis printing is available in the pica, elite and near letter quality modes.
• When the print mode selector switch is at "Comp." position, this command is not available.

DOUBLE PRINTING MODE:

Sets printing of each line of data with two passes of the print head, feeding the paper 1/216" between the first and second pass.

Name:	Setting:	ESC+G
	Release:	ESC+H

Code:	Setting: 27,71 DEC	1B,47 HEX
	Release: 27,72 DEC	1B,48 HEX

Input Format:	Setting:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "G";
	Release:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "H";

Example:	10 REM DOUBLE PRINT MODE
	20 LPRINT CHR(27)+"G";
	30 LPRINT "2-PASS MODE"
	40 LPRINT CHR(27)+"H";
	50 LPRINT "1-PASS MODE"
	60 END

2-PASS MODE

1-PASS MODE

Comments:

• Since super/subscript and near letter quality characters are normally printed with two passes of the printhead, the double print setting has no effect.
• Double printing is available in the pica, elite and compressed modes.

Underlining

The control code for underlining enables the printer to draw a continuous line under a string of characters. You may also, however, perform broken or character-by-character underlining by using the backspacing (BS) command and a CHR\$(95).

UNDERLINING MODE:

Sets continuous underlining of characters.

Name:	Setting:	ESC+-+n	n=1, 49, 129, 177
	Release:	ESC+-+m	m=0, 48, 128, 176

Code:	Setting:	27,45,n dec	1B,2D,n hex
	Release:	27,45,m dec	1B,2D,m hex

Input Format:	Setting:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "-" + CHR(1);
	Release:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "-" + CHR(0);

Example 1:	10 REM CONTINUOUS UNDERLINING
	20 LPRINT CHR(27)+ "-" + CHR(1);
	30 LPRINT "CONTINUOUS UNDERLINING"
	40 LPRINT CHR(27)+ "-" + CHR(0);
	50 LPRINT "NO UNDERLINING"
	60 END

CONTINUOUS UNDERLINING

NO UNDERLINING

Example 2:	10 REM BROKEN UNDERLINING
	20 LPRINT "BROKEN";
	30 FOR I=1 TO 6
	40 LPRINT CHR(8);
	50 NEXT I
	60 FOR I=1 TO 6
	70 LPRINT CHR(95);
	80 NEXT I
	90 LPRINT CHR$(10);
	100 END

BROKEN

Comments:

• Bit image data and spaces set by the HT code are not underlined.
• Pin No. 9 of print head is used for underlining.
• Since g, j, p, q, y have true descenders, they also use Pin No. 9, and will touch the underline.
  • Underlining is effective in all character modes.

PRINT MODE SELECTION:
Specifies a combination of print modes.

Name:	ESC+!+n	0≤n≤63
Code:	27,33,n desc	1B,21,n hex
Input Format:	LPRINT CHR(27)+"!"+CHR(n);
Example:	10 REM Print Mode Selection20 WIDTH "LPT1:",25S30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #140 PRINT #1,CHR(27)+"D"+CHR(12)+CHR(0);50 FOR N=0 TO 6360 PRINT #1,CHR(27)+"!"+CHR(0);70 PRINT #1,"MODE;";N;CHR(9);80 PRINT #1,CHR(27)+"!"+CHR(N);90 PRINT #1,"Print mode Combinations";CHR$(10);100 NEXT N110 END
	MODE: 0	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 1	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 2	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 3	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 4	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 5	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 6	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 7	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 8	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 9	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 10	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 11	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 12	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 13	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 14	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 15	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 16	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 17	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 18	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 19	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 20	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 21	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 22	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 23	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 24	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 25	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 26	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 27	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 28	Print mode Combinations
Example: (cont'd)	MODE: 29	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 30	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 31	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 32	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 33	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 34	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 35	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 36	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 37	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 38	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 39	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 40	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 41	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 42	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 43	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 44	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 45	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 46	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 47	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 48	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 49	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 50	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 51	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 52	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 53	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 54	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 55	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 56	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 57	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 58	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 59	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 60	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 61	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 62	Print mode Combinations
	MODE: 63	Print mode Combinations

Comments:
Print modes correspond to the setting of each bit as illustrated below.

bit	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	0
“1”	Always 0	Always 0	Double width	Double printing	Emphasized	Compressed	No meaning	Elite
“0”			Normal	Normal	Normal	Normal		Pica

• If n = 49_DEC(31_HEX) , setting bits 0, 4, 5 to "1" produces double width, double printing, elite pitch printing.
• When bits 2 and 3 are both set to "1", emphasized takes priority over compressed printing.
• ESC+1+n is effective in all print modes (draft, NLQ, etc.).
• Print modes are determined by the value of "n" as illustrated in Table 4.4.
• Also refer to Table 4.10.

n	DW	DP	EM	COM	EL
0
1					○
2
3					○
4				○
5					○
6				○
7					○
8			○
9			○		○
10			○
11			○		○
12			○
13			○		○
14			○
15			○		○
16		○
17		○			○
18		○
19		○			○
20		○		○
21		○			○
22		○		○
23		○			○
24		○	○
25		○	○		○
26		○	○
27		○	○		○
28		○	○
29		○	○		○
30		○	○
31		○	○		○

n	DW	DP	EM	COM	EL
32	○
33	○				○
34	○
35	○				○
36	○			○
37	○				○
38	○			○
39	○				○
40	○		○
41	○		○		○
42	○		○
43	○		○		○
44	○		○
45	○		○		○
46	○		○
47	○		○		○
48	○	○
49	○	○			○
50	○	○
51	○	○			○
52	○	○		○
53	○	○			○
54	○	○		○
55	○	○			○
56	○	○	○
57	○	○	○		○
58	○	○	○
59	○	○	○		○
60	○	○	○
61	○	○	○		○
62	○	○	○
63	○	○	○		○

DW: Double width

DP: Double printing mode

EM: Emphasized mode

COM: Compressed mode

EL: Elite mode

Table 4.4 Print Mode Selection

NEAR LETTER QUALITY PICA PITCH MODE:

Sets Pica Pitch printing of each line of data in near letter quality font.

Name: ESC+n

Code: 27,110 DEC 1B,6E HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "n";

Example: 10 REM NEAR LETTER QUALITY PICA PRINTING

20 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"n";

30 LPRINT "NEAR LETTER QUALITY PICA PRINTING"

40 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"4";

50 LPRINT "NEAR LETTER QUALITY PICA (ITALIC) PRINTING"

60 LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "5";

70 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"P";

80 LPRINT "DRAFT PICA PRINT"

90 END

NEAR LETTER QUALITY PICA PRINTING

NEAR LETTER QUALITY PICA (ITALIC) PRINTING

DRAFT PICA PRINT

Comments:

- The near letter quality characters are printed with two passes of the print head. Therefore double printing by ESC+G or super/subscript printing by ESC+S+n is ineffective in the near letter quality mode.

- Near letter quality font is also selectable by the print mode selector switch on the top left side of the printer.

- ESC+P and ESC+M and ESC+x+m releases near letter printing and sets printing mode to draft.

NEAR LETTER QUALITY ELITE PITCH MODE:

Sets Elite Pitch printing of each line of data in near letter quality font.

Name: ESC+o

Code: 27,111 DEC 1B,6F HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHRS(27)÷“o”;

Example: 10 REM NEAR LETTER QUALITY ELITE PRINTING

20 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"o";

30 LPRINT "NEAR LETTER QUALITY ELITE PRINTING"

40 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"4";

50 LPRINT "NEAR LETTER QUALITY ELITE (ITALIC) PRINTING"

60 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"5";

70 LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "M";

80 LPRINT "DRAFT ELITE PRINT"

90 END

NEAR LETTER QUALITY ELITE PRINTING

NEAR LETTER QUALITY ELITE (ITALIC) PRINTING

DRAFT ELITE PRINT

Comment:

• See ESC+n (Page 4-26) comments.

CHARACTER PITCH SELECTION:

Selects one of 4 pitch types directly.

Name: ESC+w+n

Code: 27.119,n DEC 1B,77,n HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "w" + CHR\(n);

Example:

10 REM CHARACTER PITCH SELECTION
20 FOR M=0 TO 1
30 LPRINT CHR\$(27); "@";
40 IF M=0 THEN LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"P";"(DRAFT)"
50 IF M=1 THEN LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"n";"(NLQ)"
60 RESTORE
70 FOR N=0 TO 3
BO LPRINT CHR\(27) + "W" + CHR\(N);
90 READ A
100 LPRINT "THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE ---";A:"CFI."
110 NEXT N
120 NEXT M
130 END
140 DATA 10,12,15,17

(DRAFT)

THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE --- 10 CPI.

THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE --- 12 CPI.

THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE — 15 CPI.

THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE --- 17 CPI.

(NLC)

THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE --- 10 CPI.

THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE --- 12 CPI.

THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE --- 15 CPI.

THIS IS A CHARACTER PITCH VARIATION PRINTING SAMPLE --- 17 CPI.

Comments:

- This command has priority over other character mode commands (ESC+P, ESC+M, SI etc.). Therefore, selected pitch is effective whatever current print mode is.

- When the compressed mode (ESC+w+3) is set, the emphasis mode becomes ineffective.

- This command only changes the character pitch and dose not affect Draft or N.L.Q. font modes.

- The value of n decides the pitch as shown below.

n=0, 48, 128, 176 10 CPI

n=1,49,129,177 12 CPI

n=2.50.130.178 15 CPI

n=3,51,131,179 17 CPI

FONT SELECTION:
Selects NLQ or Draft font.

Name:	NLQ Selection:	ESC+x+n	n=1, 49, 129, 177
	Draft Selection:	ESC+x+m	m=0, 48, 128, 176
Code:	NLQ Selection:	27,120,n DEC	1B,78,n HEx
	Draft Selection:	27,120,m DEC	1B,78,m HEx
Input Format:	NLQ Selection:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "x" + CHR(1);
	Draft Selection:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "x" + CHR(0);

Example:

10 REM FONT SELECTION
20 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "x" + CHR\(0); CHR\$(15);
30 LPRINT "THIS IS A DRAFT COMPRESSED PRINTING SAMPLE."
40 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "x" + CHR\(1);
50 LPRINT "ESC+x+n COMMAND PRESERVES THE PREVIOUS PRINTING PITCH."
60 END

THIS IS A DRAFT COMPRESSED PRINTING SAMPLE.

ESC+x+n COMMAND PRESERVES THE PREVIOUS PRINTING PITCH.

Comment:

- This selection only decides the font type and the subsequent character printings are executed in the previous printing pitch.

PROPORTIONAL SPACING MODE:

Sets printing of each line of data using proportional spacing between characters.

Name:

Setting: ESC+p+n n=1,49,129,177

Release: ESC+p+m m=0.48,128,176

Code:

Setting: 27,112,n sec 1B,70,n hex

Release: 27,112,m dec 1B,70,m

Input Format:

LPRINT CHR\(27) + "p" + CHR\(1);

Release: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "p" + CHR\(0);

Example:

10 REM PROPORTIONAL SPACING MODE
20 FOR I=0 TO 1
30 IF I=0 THEN LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"F";
40 IF I=1 THEN LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"n";
SO FOR J=0 TO 1
60 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "p" + CHR\(J);
70 LPRINT "Draft and NLO fonts can be printed with ";
80 LPRINT "proportional space."
90 LPRINT "When draft is selected, printing is performed in";
100 LPRINT "emphasized mode."
110 NEXT J
120 LPRINT
130 NEXT I
140 END

Draft and NLQ fonts can be printed with proportional space.

When draft is selected, printing is performed inemphasized mode.

Draft and NLQ fonts can be printed with proportional space.

When draft is selected, printing is performed inemphasized mode.

Draft and NLQ fonts can be printed with proportional space.

When draft is selected, printing is performed inemphasized mode.

Draft and NLQ fonts can be printed with proportional space.

When draft is selected, printing is performed inemphasized mode.

Comments:

• Draft font and near letter quality font can be printed in proportional spacing mode.
• Draft font and near letter quality font have the same spacing amount, this enables printing of documents in near letter quality mode after proof reading them in draft font.
• In proportional spacing mode, draft font is printed in emphasized mode.
• ESC+p+n is ineffective in elite (12 CPI) mode.
• This command is ineffective when print mode selector switch is at "Comp." position.
• Refer to the following Tables for proportional spacing in the draft and NLQ modes.

ASCII code	Char.	Width	ASCII code	Char.	Width	ASCII code	Char.	Width
0		12	87	W	12	174		7
1	6	12	88	W	10	175		10
2	6	11	89	Y	12	176	0	12
3	0	10	90	Y	10	177	Y	12
4	-	0	91	N	10	178	Y	12
5	-	8	92	I	8	179	2	12
6	E	12	93		10	180	3	12
7		5	94		12	181	4	12
8	L	12	95		12	182	5	12
9	N	12	96	+	5	183	6	12
10		11	97	6	12	184	Y	12
11	H	12	98	6	12	185	8	12
12	R	12	99	6	11	186		7
13	A	12	100	6	11	187		9
14	A	12	101	6	12	188		10
15	C	11	102	+	10	189		11
16	B	10	103	+	11	190		9
17	B	11	104	6	11	191		11
18	E	12	105		6	192		12
19	B	12	106		9	193		A
20	G	12	107		6	194		B
21	B	12	108		10	195		12
22	B	8	109		6	196		D
23	A	12	110		12	197		12
24	O	12	110		12	198		12
25	U	12	111		12	199		12
26	C	12	112		11	199		12
27	G	12	113		11	200		12
28	U	10	114		11	201		10
29	E	11	115		12	202		10
30	E	12	116		11	203		12
31	V	12	117		12	204		10
32	S	12	118		12	205		12
33		5	119		13	206		12
34		8	120		10	207		12
35	E	12	121		10	208		12
36	S	12	122		9	209		12
37	N	12	123		5	210		12
38	B	12	124		5	211		12
39		12	125		9	212		12
40		5	126		12	213		12
41		7	127			214		12
42		12	128		11	215		12
43		12	129		11	216		12
44		6	130		11	217		12
45		12	131		11	218		12
46		6	132		6	219		11
47		10	133		6	220		7
48	O	12	134		12	221		11
49	T	12	135		10	222		10
50	N	12	136		11	223		12
51	3	12	137		11	224		5
52	4	12	138		12	225		8
53	5	12	139		12	226		11
54		12	140		12	227		11
55		12	141		12	228		12
56	B	12	142		11	229		11
57		12	143		11	230		12
58		12	144		12	231		11
59		6	145		12	232		9
60		10	146		12	233		10
61		10	147		12	234		10
62		10	148		12	235		9
63		10	149		11	236		9
64		12	150		12	237		10
65		12	151		12	238		10
66		12	152		12	239		11
67		12	153		12	240		11
68		12	154		11	241		10
69		12	155		11	242		10
70		12	156		12	243		10
71		12	157		12	244		10
72		12	158		11	245		10
73		8	159		11	246		10
74		11	160		10	247		10
75		12	161		10	248		12
76		12	162		10	249		12
77		12	163		10	250		12
78		12	164		11	251		10
79		12	165		12	252		9
80		12	166		12	253		10
81		12	167		6	254		12
82		12	168		8
83		12	169		8
84		12	170		12
85		12	171		12
86		12	172		7
87		12			12

Table 4.5 Proportional Spacing: ASCII Draft and NLQ Characters
Unit = 1/120 inch

Word Processing commands

This printer has the following 4 types of word processing commands. Following commands are effective in Draft and NLQ mode.

Command	Function
ESC + a + 0	Left alignment
ESC + a + 1	Auto centering
ESC + a + 2	Right alignment
ESC + a + 3	Auto justification

Table 4.6 Word Processing Commands

LEFT ALIGNMENT:

Enables left alignment of a print line at left margin.

Name: ESC+a+0

Code: 27,97,0 DEC 1B,61,00 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "a" + CHR\(0);

Example: (See RIGHT ALIGNMENT)

Comments:

- This command clears the modes ESC + a + 1 , ESC + a + 2 and ESC + a + 3 .

• In the default status, printer is set to this mode.
• 48, 128 and 176 can also be used instead of 0.

AUTO CENTERING:

Enables automatic centering of a print line between left and right margins.

Name: ESC+a+1

Code: 27,97,1 CEC 1B,61,01 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "a" + CHR\(1);

Example: (See RIGHT ALIGNMENT)

Comment:

• 49, 129 and 177 can also be used instead of 1.

RIGHT ALIGNMENT:

Enables right alignment of a print line at right margin.

Name: ESC+a+2

Code: 27,97,2 DEC 1B,61,02 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "a" + CHR\(2);

Example: 10 REM AUTO CENTERING, RIGHT ALIGNMENT, LEFT ALIGNMENT

20 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "Q" + CHR\(40);

30 FOR I=1 TO 4:LPRINT "1234567890";:NEXT I

40 LPRINT

50 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "a" + CHR\(1);

60 LPRINT "AUTO CENTERING"

70 LPRINT "THIS IS A SAMPLE TEXT."

80 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "a" + CHR\(2);

90 LPRINT "RIGHT ALIGNMENT"

100 LPRINT "THIS IS A SAMPLE TEXT."

110 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "a" + CHR\(0);

120 LPRINT "LEFT ALIGNMENT"

130 LPRINT "THIS IS A SAMPLE TEXT."

140 END

1234567890123456789012345678901234567890

AUTO CENTERING

THIS IS A SAMPLE TEXT.

RIGHT ALIGNMENT

THIS IS A SAMPLE TEXT.

LEFT ALIGNMENT

THIS IS A SAMPLE TEXT.

Comment:

- 50, 130 and 178 can also be used instead of 2.

AUTO JUSTIFICATION:

Enables automatic justification of a print line between left and right margins.

Name: ESC+a+3

Code: 27,97,3 DEC 1B,61,03 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "a" + CHR\(3);

Example:

10 REM AUTO JUSTIFICATION
20 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "a" + CHR\(3);
30 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "Q" + CHR\(38);
40 FDF I=0 TO 2
50 IF I=0 THEN LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"P";"(DRAFT)"
60 IF I=1 THEN LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"n";"(NLQ)"
70 IF I=2 THEN LPRINT CHR\(27)+"p"+CHR\(1);"(NLQ-PROPORTIONAL SPACING)"
80 LPRINT "A SAMPLE TEXT FOR AUTO JUSTIFICATION"
90 LPRINT "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG"
100 LPRINT "This printer has versatile features for WORD_PROCESSING."
110 LPRINT CHR\$(10);
120 NEXT I
130 END

(DRAFT)

A SAMPLE TEXT FOR AUTO JUSTIFICATION

THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY

DOG

This printer has versatile features for

WORD PROCESSING.

(NLQ)

A SAMPLE TEXT FOR AUTO JUSTIFICATION

THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY

DOG

This printer has versatile features for

WORD PROCESSING.

(NLQ-PROPORTIONAL SPACING)

A SAMPLE TEXT FOR AUTO JUSTIFICATION

THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY

DOG

This printer has versatile features for

WORD PROCESSING.

Comments:

- This command is effective in all printing modes.

- Printing is executed upon receipt of print execution commands (CR, LF, FF, etc.).

- BS and DEL are ineffective in auto justification mode.

- When the last character of a line is a period (.), auto justification is not executed.

- Auto justification is executed when data exceeds right margin and upon receipt

of print execution commands (CR, LF, FF, etc.).

- Too small or too large number of characters may not be justified.

• 51, 131 and 179 can also be used instead of 3.

Bit image (Graphics) mode commands

The bit image (graphics) mode enables you to control the firing of each pin of the print head to create virtually any graphics design you desire.

Dot density (dot resolution) refers to the maximum number of dots which can be printed on a given line. This printer enables you to access a variety of dot densities through specific control commands. The various dot densities and corresponding control commands appear in Table 4.7.

Command	Function	Dot Density (Dot/inch)
ESC + K + n_1 + n_2	Standard density designation	60
ESC + L + n_1 + n_2	Double density designation	120
ESC + Y + n_1 + n_2	Double speed, double density designation	120
ESC + Z + n_1 + n_2	Quadruple density designation	240
ESC + - + m - n_1 - n_2	8-Pin Mode Selection:
	m=0 (Standard)	60
	m=1 (Double)	120
	m=2 (Double speed, double density)	120
	m=3 (Quadruple density)	240
	m=4	80
	m=5	72
	m=6	90
ESC + ^- + m + n_1 + n_2	9-Pin Mode Selection:
	m=0 (Standard)	60
	m=1 (Double) ...	120
	m=2 (Double speed, double density)	120
	m=3 (Quadruple density)	240
	m=4	80
	m=5	72
	m=6	90
ESC + ? + n + m	Bit Image Mode Assignment:
	n = "K", "L", "Y", "Z"
	m=0 (Standard)	60
	m=1 (Double)	120
	m=2 (Double speed, double density)	120
	m=3 (Quadruple density)	240
	m=4	80
	m=5	72
	m=6	90

Table 4.7 Dot Resolution

As you can see, each graphics control command uses two bytes, n- and n₂, for the designation of the actual number of dots you want printed on a line. The data entered in your program must match this dot specification; if not, in all likelihood your graphics data will contain strange characters.

Determining the values of n_1 and n_2 can be accomplished in the following way. Assume that you want to print N dots on a line, where N is within the proper dot density range. Then the outcome of the division below yields the values n_1 and n_2 .

That is, n_2 is the integer quotient and n_1 is the remainder. For those users with a BASIC programming background, n_2 = INT(N/256) and n_1 = N - (256 · n_2) .

As an example, suppose we want to print 967 dots per line. Then:

$$ \begin{array}{c} 3 \ \hline 2 5 6) \quad 9 6 7 \ \hline 7 6 8 \ \hline 1 9 9 \end{array} , \text { so } n _ {2} = 3 \text { and } n _ {1} = 1 9 9 $$

8-Pin Bit Image Mode

Of the 9 pins in the print head, the 8-pin bit image graphics mode uses the upper eight pins only. Each pin corresponds to a power of two. By summing the powers of two corresponding to each of the pins you wish to fire, you will obtain a numerical value which instructs the printer to print one column of dots. Through such techniques in BASIC as looping, numerical values for each column on a line are input and processed. The result is one line of graphics.

Pin No.	Pins	8-Blt Interface	7-Blt Interface
1	●	2' = 128	Not used
2	●	2^a = 64	2^a = 64
3	●	2^a = 32	2^a = 32
4	●	2^a = 16	2^a = 16
5	●	2^a = 8	2^a = 8
6	●	2^a = 4	2^a = 4
7	●	2' = 2	2' = 2
8	●	2^o = 1	2^o = 1
9	●	Not used	Not used

As an example, suppose you want to fire pins 1, 2, 5, and 8 simultaneously. Then you compute the following sum:

$$ \begin{array}{l} \text { Input Code } = \text { Pin 1 Code } + \text { Pin 2 Code } + \text { Pin 5 Code } + \text { Pin 8 Code } \ = 2 ^ {7} + 2 ^ {8} + 2 ^ {3} + 2 ^ {9} \ = 1 2 8 + 6 4 + 8 + 1 \ = 2 0 1 \ \end{array} $$

Thus, the value 201 is entered in the CHR\$ function in order to print a single column of dots resulting from firing pins 1, 2, 5, and 8.

For our final example, refer to the standard density designation in Table 4.7. This setting is given by ESC+K+n+n. Suppose you wish to print 100 columns of dots, where every column fires pins 1 and 8 only.

You first compute the values of n_1 and n_2 .

$$ \begin{array}{c} 2 5 6) \frac {0}{1 0 0} \ \frac {0}{1 0 0} \end{array} , \text { so } n _ {2} = 0 \text { and } n _ {1} = 1 0 0 $$

Our control code ESC÷K+n÷n₂ now translates into:

LPRINT CHR(27) + "K" + CHR(100) + CHR$(0); 

Next compute the code for firing pins 1 and 8 simultaneously;

Input Code=Pin 1 Code+Pin 8 Code 

$$ = 2 ^ {7} + 2 ^ {6} $$

$$ = 1 2 8 + 1 $$

$$ = 1 2 9 $$

Finally, we incorporate our two calculations into the following program.

10 REM STANDARD DENSITY

20 WIDTH "LFT1:", 255

30 OPEN "LFT1:" AS #1

40 PRINT#1, CHR\(27) + "K" + CHR\(100) + CHR\$(0);

50 FOR I=1 TO 100

60 PRINT#1, CHR\$(129);

70 NEXT I

80 PRINT#1, CHR\$(10);

90 END

9-Pin Bit Image Mode

In the 9-pin bit image mode, all 9 pins of the printed head may be fired. The 9 pins in the print head are divided into two portions, the upper 8 pins and the bottom pin.

As in the 8-pin mode, the upper 8 pins correspond to powers of two, ranging from 2^ to 2^ . The firing of one or more of these 8 pins represents 1 byte of data. The 9th (bottom-most) pin represents an additional byte of data. When fired, it is represented by the value 2^ . When not fired, it is represented by the value 0. Together, these two bytes determine the dot configuration for a single column of graphics.

Pin No.	Pins	Power of 2	Byte
1	●	2^7=128
2	●	2^8=64
3	●	2^9=32
4	●	2^4=16
5	●	2^3=8	1
6	●	2^2=4
7	●	2^1=2
8	●	2^2=1
9	●	2^7=128
		NOT USED	2

As an example, suppose you want to fill pins 1, 2, 5, 8 and 9 simultaneously. Then you determine the following two values:

Byte 1: Input Code = Pin 1 Code + Pin 2 Code + Pin 5 Code + Pin 8 Code
= 2^7 + 2^8 + 2^3 + 2^2
= 128 + 64 + 8 + 1
= 201 

Byte 2: Input Code =2 ^7 =128

Thus, the two bytes for a single column of dots are entered as: CHR\(201); CHR\(128);

Refer to the 9-pin standard density designation in Table 4.7. This setting is given by ESC+ + m+n+n, where m=0. Suppose you wish to print 100 columns of dots, where every column fires pins 1, 2, 5, 8 and 9 as above.

As in the 8-pin example on page 4-36, n_1 = 100 and n_2 = 0 . Our control code ESC + " + m + n1 + n2 now translates into: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "" + CHR\(0) + CHR\(100) + CHR\(0);

If we incorporate this information into a program, we might have the following:

10 REM 9-PIN STANDARD DENSITY
20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 PRINT#1, CHR(27) + "^" + CHR(0) + CHR(100) + CHR(0);
50 FOR I=1 TO 100
60 PRINT#1, CHR(201) + CHR(12B);
70 NEXT I
80 PRINT#1, CHR$(10);
90 END 

Before proceeding with examples of each graphics control command, three important points are worth noting.

First, bit image graphics is automatically set to single direction (left to right) printing. This is done to ensure that dots are correctly aligned vertically.

Second, the graphics mode is released immediately following the printing of all bit image data. Printing will return to the text mode.

Third, any bit image data are not affected by MSB control commands.

STANDARD DENSITY GRAPHICS:
Sets standard density graphics mode (480 dots per line/60 dots per inch).

Name:	ESC+K+n1+n2
Code:	27,75,n1,n2 DEC 1B,4B,n-,n2 HEX
Input Format:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "K" + CHR(n1) + CHR(n2);
Example:	10 REM STANDARD DENSITY GRAPHICS20 WIDTH "LPT1:",25530 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #140 PRINT#1,"STANDARD DENSITY GRAPHICS";CHR(10);50 PRINT#1,CHR(27) + "K" + CHR(64) + CHR(1);60 FOR I=1 TO 2070 PRINT#1,CHR(1) + CHR(1) + CHR(3) + CHR(3);80 PRINT#1,CHR(7) + CHR(7) + CHR(15) + CHR(15);90 PRINT#1,CHR(31) + CHR(31) + CHR(63) + CHR(63);100 PRINT#1,CHR(127) + CHR(127) + CHR(255) + CHR(255);110 NEXT I120 PRINT#1,CHR(10);130 END
	STANDARD DENSITY GRAPHICS

Comment:
- Print speed is set to 10 inches per second.

DOUBLE DENSITY GRAPHICS:
Sets double density graphics mode (960 dots per line/120 dots per inch).

Name:	ESC + L + n_1 + n_2
Code:	27,76, n_1,n_2 dec 1B,4C, n_1,n_2 HEX
Input Format:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "L" + CHR( n_1 ) + CHR(n_{2});
Example:	10 REM DOUBLE DENSITY GRAPHICS20 WIDTH "LPT1:",25530 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #140 PRINT#1,"DOUBLE DENSITY GRAPHICS";CHR(10);50 PRINT#1,CHR(27) + "L" + CHR(144) + CHR(1);60 FOR I=1 TO 2570 PRINT#1,CHR(1) + CHR(1) + CHR(3) + CHR(3);80 PRINT#1,CHR(7) + CHR(7) + CHR(15) + CHR(15);90 PRINT#1,CHR(31) + CHR(31) + CHR(63) + CHR(63);100 PRINT#1,CHR(127) + CHR(127) + CHR(255) + CHR(255);110 NEXT I120 PRINT#1,CHR(10);130 ENDDOUBLE DENSITY GRAPHICS

Comment:
- Print speed is set to 5 inches per second.

DOUBLE SPEED, DOUBLE DENSITY GRAPHICS:

Sets double speed, double density graphics mode (960 dots per line/120 dots per inch).

Name: ESC+Y+n1+n2
Code: 27,89,n1,n2 DEC 1B,59,n1,n2 HEX
Input Format: LPRINT CHR(27)+"Y"+CHR(n1)+CHR$(n2);
Example: 10 REM DOUBLE SPEED DOUBLE DENSITY GRAPHICS
20 WIDTH "LPT1:",255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 PRINT#1,"DOUBLE SPEED DOUBLE DENSITY GRAPHICS";CHR$(10);
50 PRINT#1,CHR(27)+"Y"+CHR(144)+CHR$(1);
60 FOR I=1 TO 25
70 PRINT#1,CHR(1)+CHR(1)+CHR(3)+CHR(3);
80 PRINT#1,CHR(7)+CHR(7)+CHR(15)+CHR(15);
90 PRINT#1,CHR(31)+CHR(31)+CHR(63)+CHR(63);
100 PRINT#1,CHR(127)+CHR(127)+CHR(255)+CHR(255);
110 NEXT I
120 PRINT#1,CHR$(10);
130 END

DOUBLE SPEED DOUBLE DENSITY GRAPHICS 

Comments:

- Print speed is set to 10 inches per second.

- Horizontally adjacent dots cannot be printed.

QUADRUPLE DENSITY GRAPHICS

Sets quadruple density graphics mode (1920 dots per line/240 dots per inch).

Name: ESC+Z+n1+n2
Code: 27,90,n1,n2 desc 1B,5A,n1,n2 hex
Input Format: LPRINT CHR(27) + "Z" + CHR(n1) + CHR$(n2);
Example: 10 REM QUADRUPLE DENSITY GRAPHICS
20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 PRINT#1, "QUADRUPLE DENSITY GRAPHICS"; CHR$(10);
50 PRINT#1, CHR(27) + "Z" + CHR(144) + CHR$(1);
60 FOR I=1 TO 25
70 PRINT#1, CHR(1) + CHR(1) + CHR(3) + CHR(3);
80 PRINT#1, CHR(7) + CHR(7) + CHR(15) + CHR(15);
90 PRINT#1, CHR(31) + CHR(31) + CHR(63) + CHR(63);
100 PRINT#1, CHR(127) + CHR(127) + CHR(255) + CHR(255);
110 NEXT I
120 PRINT#1, CHR$(10);
130 END

QUADRUPLE DENSITY GRAPHICS 

Comments:

- Print speed is set to 5 inches per second.

• Horizontally adjacent dots cannot be printed.

8-PIN BIT IMAGE MODE SELECTION

Selects one of seven 8-pin bit image graphics modes.

Name: ESC++÷m+n1+n2 0≤m≤6
Code: 27,42,m,n,n2 DEC 1B,2A,m,n,n2 HEX
Input Format: LPRINT CHR(27) + "-" + CHR(m) + CHR(n.) + CHR(ns);
Example: 10 REM BIT IMAGE MODE SELECTION
20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 FOR M=O TO 6
50 PRINT #1,"IMAGE MODE=";M;CHR$(10)
60 PRINT #1,CHR(27);"*";CHR(M);CHR(200);CHR(0);
70 FOR I=1 TO 25
80 PRINT #1,STRING(4,CHR(15));
90 PRINT #1,STRING(4,CHR(240));
100 NEXT I
110 PRINT #1,CHR$(10);
120 NEXT M
130 PRINT #1,CHR$(10);
140 END
IMAGE MODE = 0
IMAGE MODE = 1
IMAGE MODE = 2
IMAGE MODE = 3
IMAGE MODE = 4
IMAGE MODE = 5
IMAGE MODE = 6 

Comment:

- Table 4.8 illustrates the various modes based upon the values on m.

Value of m	Mode	Dot Density	Printing Speed
0	Standard density	480 dpi/60 dpi	10 inches/sec
1	Double density	960 dpi/120 dpi	5 inches/sec
2	Double speed, double density	960 dpi/120 dpi	10 inches/sec
3	Quadruple density	1920 dpi/240 dpi	5 inches/sec
4	640 dot density	640 dpi/80 dpi	7.5 inches/sec
5	576 dot density	576 dpi/72 dpi	8.33 inches/sec
6	720 dot density	720 dpi/90 dpi	6.66 inches/sec

Table 4.8 Dot Density/Printing Speed

- Both the vertical and horizontal dot pitch in the 576 dot density mode equal 1/72 inch, thereby producing a 1:1 aspect ratio.

• The following settings are equivalent:

—ESC+K+n1+n2 and ESC++0+n1+n2

—ESC+L+n1+n2 and ESC+*+1+n1+n2

—ESC+Y+n 1 +n 2 and ESC++2+n 1 +n 2

—ESC+Z+n₁+n₂ and ESC+*+3+n₁+n₂

9-PIN BIT IMAGE MODE SELECTION:

Selects one of seven 9-pin bit image graphics modes.

Name: ESC + ^ + m + n_1 + n_2 0≤ m≤ 6

Code: 27,94,m,n,n2 ccc 1B,5E,m,n,n2 hex

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + “^” ÷ CHR\(m) - CHR\(n1) + CHR\(n2);

Example: 10 REM 9-PIN BIT IMAGE MODE
20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 FOR M=O TO 6
50 PRINT #1, "IMAGE MODE=";M;CHR$(10);
60 PRINT #1, CHR(27) + "^" + CHR(M) + CHR(180) + CHR(0);
70 FOR I=1 TO 10
80 PRINT #1, CHR(0) + CHR(128) + CHR(0) + CHR(128);
90 PRINT #1, CHR(1) + CHR(128) + CHR(1) + CHR(128);
100 PRINT #1, CHR(3) + CHR(128) + CHR(3) + CHR(128);
110 PRINT #1, CHR(7) + CHR(128) + CHR(7) + CHR(128);
120 PRINT #1, CHR(15) + CHR(128) + CHR(15) + CHR(128);
130 PRINT #1, CHR(31) + CHR(128) + CHR(31) + CHR(128);
140 PRINT #1, CHR(63) + CHR(128) + CHR(63) + CHR(128);
150 PRINT #1, CHR(127) + CHR(128) + CHR(127) + CHR(128);
160 PRINT #1, CHR(255) + CHR(128) + CHR(255) + CHR(128);
170 NEXT I
180 PRINT #1, CHR$(10);
190 NEXT M
200 PRINT #1, CHR$(10);
210 END 

BIT IMAGE DENSITY ASSIGNMENT:

Assigns bit image density of ESC+K, L, Y, Z.

Name: ESC+?+n+m
n=75("K"), 76("L"), 89("Y"), or 90 ("Z") (n corresponds to K, L, Y or Z in Bit Image Mode.)
0≤m≤6 

Code: 27,63,n,m sec 1B,3F,n,m hex 

Input Format: LPRINT CHR(27) + “?” + CHR(n) + CHR$(m); 

Example:

10 REM BIT IMAGE ASSIGN
20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 FOR L=1 TO 2
50    IF L=1 THEN PRINT #1, "ESC+K (STANDARD DENSITY GRAPHICS)"; CHR$(10);
60    IF L=2 THEN PRINT #1, "ESC+K (QUADRUPLE DENSITY GRAPHICS)"; CHR$(10);
70    IF L=2 THEN PRINT #1, CHR(27); "; "; "K"; CHR(3);
80    PRINT #1, CHR(27); "K"; CHR(64); CHR$(1);
90    FOR I=1 TO 20
100    PRINT #1, CHR(1); CHR(1); CHR(3); CHR(3);
110    PRINT #1, CHR(7); CHR(7); CHR(15); CHR(15);
120    PRINT #1, CHR(31); CHR(31); CHR(63); CHR(63);
130    PRINT #1, CHR(127); CHR(127); CHR(255); CHR(255);
140    NEXT I
150    PRINT #1, CHR$(10);
160 NEXT L
170 END 

ESC+K (STANDARD DENSITY GRAPHICS)

ESC+K (QUADRUPLE DENSITY GRAPHICS)

[Non-Text]

Comment:

- The user is free to change the density assignment of the bit image mode command.

Line spacing commands

Line spacing commands enable you to set a variety of line pitch sizes.

Settings for page length, VT positions, and skip perforation remain as initially set even if line spacing is changed.

Table 4.9 below lists the various control commands for line spacing.

Line Pitch Size	Setting Command
1/8"	ESC+0
/72"	ESC+1
1/6"	ESC+2
n/72"	ESC+A+n
n/216"	ESC+3+n
n/216" (single line only)	ESC+J+n

Table 4.9 Line Spacing Commands

1/8 INCH LINE SPACING:

Sets line spacing to 1/8 inch.

Name: ESC+0

Code: 27,48 DEC 1B,30 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) = "0";

Example: 10 REM LINE SPACING = 1/8 INCH
20 LPRINT "LINE SPACING = 1/8 INCH"
30 LPRINT CHR$(27) + "0";
40 FOR I=1 TO 4 _
50 LPRINT "____"
60 NEXT I
70 END 

LINE SPACING = 1/8 INCH

7/72 INCH LINE SPACING:

Sets line spacing to 7/72 inch.

Name: ESC+1

Code: 27,49 DEC 1B,31 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"1";

Example: 10 REM LINE SPACING = 7/72 INCH

20 LPRINT "LINE SPACING = 7/72 INCH"

30 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"1";

40 FOR I=1 TO 4

50 LPRINT "____"

60 NEXT I

70 END

LINE SPACING = 7/72 INCH

1/6 INCH LINE SPACING:

Sets line spacing to 1/6 inch.

Name: ESC+2

Code: 27,50 DEC 1B,32 HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "2";

Example: 10 REM LINE SPACING = 1/6 INCH

20 LPRINT "LINE SPACING = 1/6 INCH"

SO LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"2";

40 FOR I=1 TO 4

50 LPRINT "

EO NEXT I

70 END

LINE SPACING = 1/6 INCH

n/72 INCH LINE SPACING:
Sets programmable line spacing to n/72 inch.

Name: ESC+A+n
Code: 27,65,n DEC 1B,41,n HEX
Input Format: LPRINT CHR(27) + "A" + CHR(n);
Example: 10 REM LINE SPACING = n/72 INCH
20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 PRINT #1, "LINE SPACING = n/72 INCH"; CHR$(10);
50 FOR I=1 TO 20
60 PRINT #1, CHR(27); "A"; CHR(I);
70 PRINT #1, "____"; CHR$(10);
80 NEXT I
90 END
LINE SPACING = n/72 INCH 

Comment:

- n/72 inch line spacing is valid for 0≤n≤85.

n/216 INCH LINE SPACING:

Sets programmable line spacing to n/216 inch.

Name: ESC+3+n

Code: 27,51,n DEC 1B,33,n HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) ÷ "3" + CHR\(n);

Example: 10 REM LINE SPACING = n/216 INCH
20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 PRINT#1, "LINE SPACING = n/216 INCH"; CHR$(10);
50 FOR I=1 TO 20
60 PRINT#1, CHR(27) + "3" + CHR(I);
70 PRINT#1, "----"; CHR$(10);
80 NEXT I
90 END 

LINE SPACING = n/216 INCH

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Comment:

- n/216 inch line spacing is valid for 0≤n≤255.

n/216 INCH SINGLE LINE SPACING:
Prints out the data in print buffer, and spaces n/216 inch.

Name:	ESC+J+n
Code:	27,74,ncec 1B,4A,nHex
Input Format:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "J" + CHR(n);
Example:	10 REM SINGLE LINE SPACING20 LPRINT " SINGLE LINE SPACING";30 LPRINT CHR(27) + "J" + CHR(108);40 LPRINT "OF ONE-HALF INCH"50 FOR I=1 TO 360 LPRINT "NORMAL LINE SPACING"70 NEXT I80 END
	SINGLE LINE SPACINGOF ONE-HALF INCH
	NORMAL LINE SPACING
	NORMAL LINE SPACING
	NORMAL LINE SPACING

Comments:

• Single line, n/216 line spacing is valid for 0≤n≤255.
• This command sets the line spacing for ONE line only. Subsequent line spacing returns to previous setting. However, the carriage does not return to the left margin position. Instead, printing of next line begins where previous printing left off.
• This command does not release one line double width mode (by SO or ESC+SO).

Paper feed commands

Single line paper feeding, full page paper feeding, and skip perforation are all classified as paper feed commands. Single line paper feed (LF) and full page paper feed (FF) were discussed in Section 4.7, Single-Byte Control Codes.

SKIP PERFORATION:

Sets skip-over perforation.

Name: Setting: ESC+N+n

Release: ESC+O

Code: Setting 27,78,n DEC 1B,4E,n HEX

Release: 27,79 oec 1B,4F

Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "N" + CHR\(n);

Release: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "O";

Example: 10 REM SKIP PERFORATION

20 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "C" + CHR\(6);

30 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "N" + CHR\(3);

40 FOR I=1 TO 3

50 LPRINT "SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE"; I

60 NEXT I

70 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"0";

80 FOR I=4 TO 10

90 LPRINT "SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE"; I

100 NEXT I

110 END

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 1

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 2

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 3

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 4

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 5

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 6

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 7

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 8

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 9

SEE IF SKIP TAKES PLACE 10

Comments:

- The value of n specifies the number of lines (or n times the current line spacing amount) to be skipped at the bottom of the form.

- This command is effective only for 1 ≤ n ≤ 127 . If n ≥ 128 , the value is processed as n - 128 .

- The skip perforation amount does not change even if the line spacing amount is changed following a skip perforation designation.

- The skip perforation setting is released upon receipt of the page length designation command. If DIP switch 4 is set to ON, the skip perforation amount is set to 1 inch. If DIP switch 4 is set to OFF, skip perforation is not executed unless specified with ESC + N + n .

Page format commands

Page format commands refer to the setting of the following: horizontal tabulation, vertical tabulation, page length in lines, page length in inches, left and right margins, and horizontal and vertical spacing.

HORIZONTAL TAB:

Sets horizontal tabulation to specified values.

Name: Setting: ESC+D÷n·+n₂+...+nₓ+0

Release: ESC+D÷0

Code: Setting 27,68,n-,n₂,...,nₓ,0 sec 1B,44,n-,n₂,...,nₓ,00 HEX

Release: 27,68,0 DEC 1B,44,00 HEX

Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "D" + CHR\(n.) ÷ CHR\(n₂) ÷ ... + CHR\(n.) + CHR\$(0):

Release: LPRINT CHR\(27) - "D" + CHR\(0);

Example: 10 REM HT SETTING

20 LPRINT "HT SETTING"

30 FOR I=1 TO 5

40 LPRINT "0123456789";

50 NEXT I

60 LPRINT CHR\$(10);

70 LPRINT CHR\$(27)+"D";

80 LPRINT CHR\(1)+CHR\(8)+CHR\(20)+CHR\(30)+CHR\(45)+CHR\(0);

90 FOR I=1 TO 5

100 LPRINT CHR\(9); "HT"; CHR\(48+I);

110 NEXT I

120 LPRINT CHR\$(10);

130 LPRINT "HT RELEASE"

140 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "D" + CHR\(0);

150 FOR I=1 TO 5

160 LPRINT CHR\(9); "HT"; CHR\(48+1);

170 NEXT I

180 LPRINT CHR\$(10);

190 END

HT SETTING

01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789

HT1 HT2 HT3 HT4 HT5

HT RELEASE

HT1HT2HT3HT4HT5

Comments:

• HT is set from the left margin position (column number 0).
• Horizontal tabs must be designated such that n_1 < n_2 < < n_n .
• A maximum of 32 tabs may be set on a single line.
• The HT single-byte control command, LPRINT CHR\$(9), is used to execute the HT designation.
• Horizontal tab positions do not change even if the character pitch is altered after the HT designation.
• In the proportional spacing mode, horizontal tabulation is set in the pica pitch.
• When the left margin is changed, the new left margin becomes the start position of the horizontal tab.

HORIZONTAL TAB UNIT:

Sets horizontal tabulation every "n" positions, beginning at the left margin.

Name: ESC+e+0+n

Code: 27.101.0, n DEC 1B, 65, 00, n HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "e" + CHR\(0) + CHR\$(n);

Example: 10 REM HT UNIT SETTING

20 FOR I=1 TO 5

30 LPRINT "0123456789";

40 NEXT I

50 LPRINT CHR\$(10);

60 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "e" + CHR\(0) + CHR\$(8);

70 LPRINT CHR\$(9); "TAB";

80 LPRINT CHR\(3); CHR\(3); "TAB";

90 LPRINT CHR\(9);CHR\(9);CHR\$(9);"TAB"

100 END

01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789

TAB TAB TAB

Comments:

- The HT unit setting is released when n = 0 (ESC+e+0+0).

- HT is set every 8 columns in the default status.

VERTICAL TAB:
Sets vertical tabulation to specified values.

Name:	Setting: ESC+B+n1+n2+...+nx÷0Release: ESC+B+0
Code:	Setting 27,66,n1,n2,...,n.,0 DEC 1B,42,n1,n2,...,n.,00-HExRelease: 27,66,0 DEC 1B,42,00 HEX
Input Format:	Setting: LPRINT CHR(27) + "B" + CHR(n1) + CHR(n2) + ... + CHR(n3) + CHR(0);Release: LPRINT CHR(27) + "B" + CHR(0);
Example:	10 REM VT SETTING20 LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 10 LINES LONG"30 LPRINT CHR(27) + "C" + CHR(10);40 LPRINT CHR(27) + "B" + CHR(3) + CHR(7) + CHR(0);50 LPRINT "1ST LINE"; CHR(11);60 LPRINT "3RD LINE"; CHR(11);70 LPRINT "7TH LINE"; CHR(12);80 LPRINT CHR(27) + "B" + CHR(0);90 LPRINT "1ST LINE"; CHR(11);100 LPRINT "3RD LINE"; CHR(11);110 LPRINT "7TH LINE"120 END
	THIS PAGE IS 10 LINES LONG1ST LINE
	3RD LINE
	7TH LINE
	1ST LINE3RD LINE7TH LINE

Comments:

• VT is set from the top of form position.
• Vertical tabs must be designated such that n · < n_2 < < n_n .
• A maximum of 16 tabs may be set.
• The VT single-byte control command, LPRINT CHRS(11), is used to execute the VT designation (see Section 4.7).
• If the amount of line spacing is changed after a VT designation, the VT positions, remain as initially set.
• VT setting is released by form length designation commands.

VERTICAL TAB UNIT:

Set vertical tabulation every "n" lines, beginning at top of form.

Name: ESC+e+1+n

Code: 27,101,1,n sec 1B,65,01,n hex

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "e" + CHR\(1) + CHR\$(n);

Example: 10 REM VT UNIT SETTING

20 LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 20 LINES LONG"

30 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "C" + CHR\(20);

40 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "e" + CHR\(1) + CHR\$(6);

50 LPRINT "1ST LINE"; CHR\$(11);

60 LPRINT "7TH LINE"; CHR\$(11);

70 LPRINT "13TH LINE"; CHR\$(11);

BO LPRINT "19TH LINE"; CHR\$ (12);

90 LPRINT "1ST LINE (NEXT PAGE)"

100 END

THIS PAGE IS 20 LINES LONG

1ST LINE

7TH LINE

13TH LINE

19TH LINE

1ST LINE (NEXT PAGE)

Comments:

• The VT unit setting is released when n = 1 (ESC+e+1+1).
• The maximum length for a VT unit is the form length, and when a VT unit designation exceeds the form length, the setting is ignored.
• If the amount of line spacing is changed after a VT unit designation, the VT unit remains as initially set.
• When n = 0 , data is printed, but the paper is not fed.
• The VT unit setting is released by form length designation command.

FORM LENGTH (INCHES):

Sets page length in inches.

Name: ESC+C+0+n

Code: 27,67,0,n DEC 1B,43,00,n HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "C" + CHR\(0) + CHR\$(n);

Example: 10 REM FORM LENGTH (INCHES)

20 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "C" + CHR\(0) + CHR\$(1);

30 LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 1 INCH LONG";

40 LPRINT CHR\$(12);

50 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "C" + CHR\(O) + CHR\$(2);

60 LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 2 INCHES LONG";

70 LPRINT CHR\$(12);

80 LPRINT "NEXT PAGE"

90 END

THIS PAGE IS 1 INCH LONG

THIS PAGE IS 2 INCHES LONG

NEXT PAGE

Comments:

• Upon receipt of ESC + C + 0 + n , the present line position becomes the top of form position.
• The value of n must be in the range 1 ≤ n ≤ 22 . If n = 0 or n ≥ 23 , the page length does not change.
• ESC÷C+0+n releases the VT and skip perforation settings.
• The page length does not change even if the line spacing amount is changed.

FORM LENGTH (LINES):

Sets page length in number of lines.

Name: ESC+C+n

Code: 27,67,n DEC 1B,43,n HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "C" + CHR\(n);

Example: 10 REM FORM LENGTH (LINES)

20 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "C" + CHR\(3);

30 LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 3 LINES LONG"

40 LPRINT CHR\$(12);

50 LPRINT CHR\(27)+"C"+CHR\(5);

60 LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 5 LINES LONG"

70 LPRINT CHR\$(12);

80 LPRINT "NEXT PAGE"

90 END

THIS PAGE IS 3 LINES LONG

THIS PAGE IS 5 LINES LONG

NEXT PAGE

Comments:

• Upon receipt of ESC + C + n , the present line position becomes the top of form position.
• The value of n must be in the range 1 ≤ n ≤ 127 . If n = 0 , page length returns to the inch designation. If n ≥ 128 ,
  values are processed as n - 128.
• ESC+C+n releases the VT and skip perforation settings.
• The page length does not change even if the line spacing amount is changed

LEFT MARGIN:

Sets position of left margin.

Name: ESC+1+n

Code: 27,108,n DEC 1B,6C,n -Ex

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "I" + CHR\(n);

Example: 10 REM LEFT MARGIN SETTING

20 FOR I=1 TO 5

30 LPRINT "0123456789";

40 NEXT I

50 LPRINT CHR\$(10);

60 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "I" + CHR\(10);

70 LPRINT "LEFT MARGIN 10"

80 LPRINT CHR\(27)+"1"+CHR\(20);

90 LPRINT "LEFT MARGIN 20"

100 END

01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789

LEFT MARGIN 10

LEFT MARGIN 20

Comments:

• If the value of n exceeds the right margin value, ESC + 1 - n is ineffective and the left margin does not change.
• Setting the left margin position clears all data in the print buffer. Do not, therefore, set the left margin before printing.
• In the proportional spacing mode, the left margin is set with pica pitch.
• Once the left margin position is set, any change in the character mode will not alter this left margin setting.

RIGHT MARGIN:
Sets position of right margin.

Name:	ESC+Q+n
Code:	27,81,ndec 1B,51,nhex
Input Format:	LPRINT CHR(27)+"Q"+CHR(n);
Example:	10 REM RIGHT MARGIN SETTING20 FOR I=1 TO 530 LPRINT "0123456789";40 NEXT I50 LPRINT CHR(10)60 LPRINT CHR(27)+"Q"+CHR(40);70 LPRINT "RIGHT MARGIN 40"80 FOR I=1 TO 590 LPRINT "0123456789";100 NEXT I110 LPRINT CHR(10)120 LPRINT CHR(27)+"Q"+CHR(30);130 LPRINT "RIGHT MARGIN 30"140 FOR I=1 TO 5150 LPRINT "0123456789";160 NEXT I170 LPRINT CHR$(10)180 END
	01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
	RIGHT MARGIN 400123456789012345678901234567890123456789
	RIGHT MARGIN 300123456789012345678901234567890123456789

Comments:

• The effective area of n is as shown below.

Pica mode 2≤n≤80

Compressed mode 4≤n≤137

Elongated mode 1≤n≤40

Elongated Compressed mode 2≤n≤68

• Any designation to the left of the left margin position is ignored.
• Setting the right margin clears all data in the buffer. Do not, therefore, set the right margin before printing.
• In the proportional spacing mode, the right margin is set with pica pitch.
• Once the right margin position is set, any change in the character mode will not alter this right margin setting.
• Refer to Shift In on page 4 - 8 for use of right margin when printing compressed characters.

HORIZONTAL SPACING:
Skips "n" spaces between present and next character positions.

Name:	ESC+f+0+n
Code:	27,102,0,ndec 1B,66,00,nHEx
Input Format:	LPRINT CHR(27) + "f" + CHR(0) ÷ CHR(n);
Example:	10 REM HORIZONTAL SPACING20 FOR I≈1 TO 530 LPRINT "1234567890";40 NEXT I50 LPRINT CHR(10)60 LPRINT "ESC+f+0+n";70 LPRINT CHR(27) + "f" + CHR(0) + CHR$(20);80 LPRINT "SKIP 20 SPACES"90 END
	12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
	ESC+f+0+n SKIP 20 SPACES

Comments:

- Spacing size depends upon present character pitch.

- The value of n must be in the range 0 ≤ n ≤ 127 . If n ≥ 128 , the designation is executed with a spacing of n - 128 .

- In the underline mode, spaces set by ESC+1+0÷n are underlined.

- If the right margin is exceeded during horizontal spacing, excess horizontal spaces are ignored.

VERTICAL SPACING:

Advances paper "n" lines after printing data in buffer.

Name: ESC+1+1+n

Code: 27,102,1,n DEC 1B,66,01,n HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\(27) + "f" + CHR\(1) + CHR\$(n);

Example: 10 REM VERTICAL SPACING 20 LPRINT "VERTICAL"; 30 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "f" + CHR\(1) + CHR\$(6); 40 LPRINT "SPACING" 50 END

VERTICAL

SPACING

Comments:

• Line spacing determines vertical spacing amount.
• The value of n must be in the range 0 ≤ n ≤ 127 . If n ≥ 128 , vertical spacing amount is n - 128 .
• Once data is printed (immediately before vertical spacing), the paper advances n lines and printing continues in the very next column.
• The vertical spacing designation does not release double width printing.

Data control commands

Data control refers to the format of input data (7 or 8 bits), manipulation of data already in the print buffer (CAN or DEL), or the readiness of the printer to receive data (DC1 or DC3).

CAN, DEL, DC1 and DC3 have already been discussed in Section 4.7, Single-Byte Control Codes.

As previously explained, each individual character has a corresponding ASCII code. Such an ASCII code can be expressed in binary notation. In 7-bit binary notation, a combination of seven 0's and 1's makes up a character while in 8-bit binary notation, a combination of eight 0's and 1's make up character. In either case, since the rightmost bit is in the 2^c = 1 column, it carries the "least weight" of all bits and is called the Least Significant Bit (LSB). The leftmost bit is in the 2^c = 64 column (7-bit representation) or in the 2^c = 128 column (8-bit representation) and therefore carries the "most weight" of all bits. This bit is called the Most Significant Bit (MSB).

There are computers as well as interfaces which send only 7-bit characters (ASCII codes 0–127). With the printer, however, you may access characters with ASCII codes greater than 127. The printer software includes 3 commands to control the MSB.

MSB ON:

Sets the MSB to 1.

Name: ESC->

Code: 27,62 DEC 1B,3E

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) - ">";

Example:
10 REM MSE TO 1
20 WIDTH "LPT1:", 255
30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1
40 PRINT #1, "MSB ON"; CHR$(IO);
50 PRINT #1, CHR$(27); ">", 
60 FOR I=32 TO 126
70 PRINT #1, CHR$(I);
80 NEXT I
90 FOR I=160 TO 254
100 PRINT #1, CHR$(I);
110 NEXT I
120 PRINT #1, CHR$(IO);
130 END 

MSB ON
"##1&'()++,-./0123456789;;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ!^ _`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz( )~ "##1&'()++,-./0123456789;;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ!^ _`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz( )~ 

Comments:

• ESC-> has no effect on bit image data.
• This setting can be released by ESC+#.
• Be careful that if this command and ESC-6 are input at the same time, all the control codes and the ESC commands will become ineffective, and so this mode won't be able to be released.

MSB OFF:

Sets the MSB to 0.

Name: ESC+=

Code: 27,61 DEC 1B,3D HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "=";

Example:

10 REM MSB TO O

20 WIDTH "LFT1:", 255

30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1

40 PRINT #1, "MSB OFF"; CHR\$(10);

50 PRINT #1, CHR\$(27); "=";

60 FOR I=32 TO 126

70 PRINT #1, CHR\$(I);

BO NEXT I

90 FOR I=160 TO 254

100 PRINT #1, CHR\$(I);

110 NEXT I

120 PRINT #1, CHR\$(10);

130 END

MSB OFF

! "#s%&'()**,-./0123456789;;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[ ]^_*abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

pqrstuvwxyz(1)\~##29(144,-.70123456789;<=.8ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ()_ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz(1)\~

Comments:

- ESC ÷ = has no effect on bit image data.

- This setting can be released by ESC+#.

MSB CANCEL:
Sets printer to receive 8th bit "as is".

Name:	ESC+#
Code:	27,35 cec 1B,23 HEX
Input Format:	LPRINT CHR(27)+"#";
Example:	10 REM MSD AS IS20 WIDTH "LPT1:",25530 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #140 PRINT #1,"RECEIVE MSB AS IS";CHR(10);50 PRINT #1,CHR(27);"#";60 FOR I=32 TO 12670 PRINT #1,CHR(I);80 NEXT I90 FOR I=160 TO 254100 PRINT #1,CHR(I);110 NEXT I120 PRINT #1,CHR(10);130 END
	RECEIVE MSB AS IS"#%&'( )++,-./0123456789;<=?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZE^,'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz( )~ ("#%&'( )++,-./0123456789;<=?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZE\J^,'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz( )~

Comment:

This setting has no effect on bit image data.

Downloadable character commands

If the printer does not contain all of the characters which you need, you can custom design up to 40 characters. Such characters, once created, are then stored (downloaded) in the printer's RAM.

To download a character into RAM, you must first design the character. In the matrix below, the circles represent pins which may be fired. You may darken any circle provided no two adjacent horizontal circles are filled in.

2^7	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^8	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^9	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^10	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^11	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^12	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^13	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^14	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^15	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
2^16	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○	○
	D_1	D_2	D_3	D_4	D_5	D_6	D_7	D_8	D_9

Once you have designed the character, you must quantify each dot column, D_1 - D_2 , by summing the powers of two represented by each dot. Consider the design of the Greek character (gamma) below.

2^*	○	○	●	○	○	○	○	○	●
2^6	○	○	○	●	○	○	●	○	○
2^5	○	○	○	○	●	○	○	○	○
2^4	○	○	●	○	○	●	○	○	○
2^3	○	●	○	○	○	●	○	○	○
2^2	○	●	○	○	○	●	○	○	○
2^1	○	○	●	○	●	○	○	○	○
2^0	○	○	○	●	○	○	○	○	○
	D_1	D_2	D_3	D_4	D_5	D_6	D_7	D_8	D_9

Then D. = 0

$$ D _ {2} = 2 ^ {2} \times 2 ^ {3} = 4 - 8 = 1 2 $$

$$ D _ {3} = 2 ^ {\prime} \times 2 ^ {4} \times 2 ^ {7} = 2 \div 1 6 + 1 2 8 = 1 4 6 $$

$$ D _ {4} = 2 ^ {\circ} \times 2 ^ {\circ} = 1 + 6 4 = 6 5 $$

$$ D _ {5} = 2 ^ {\prime} \times 2 ^ {5} = 2 + 3 2 = 3 4 $$

$$ D _ {0} = 2 ^ {2} \times 2 ^ {3} \times 2 ^ {4} = 4 + 8 + 1 6 = 2 8 $$

$$ D _ {7} = 2 ^ {6} = 6 4 $$

$$ D _ {0} = 0 $$

$$ D _ {3} = 2 ^ {\prime} = 1 2 8 $$

The method by which the values D through D are entered in the control command will be discussed shortly. However, once you have designed your character, you must also determine where in RAM this information will be stored. In 8-bit mode, any of the address locations 32_DEC-126_DEC(20_HEX-7E_HEX) and 128_DEC-255_DEC(80_HEX-FF_HEX) may be used to store your character. In 7-bit mode, any of the address locations 32_DEC-126_DEC(20_HEX-7E_HEX) may be used to store your character. Once downloaded, the character you created "replaces" the original character in that address location until the download designation is released.

DOWNLOADABLE CHARACTER DEFINITION:

Defines a download character into a specified address location in RAM.

Name: Setting: ESC+y+loc+D1+D2+...+D6 (loc = location code)
Release: ESC+z+loc 

Code: Setting: 27,121,loc,D_4,D_2,...,D_9 DEC 1B,79,loc,D_4,D_2,...,D_9 HEX Release: 27,122,loc DEC 1B,7A,loc HEX 

Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR(27) ÷ "y" + CHR(loc) ÷ CHR(D1) + CHR(D2) + ... - CHR$(D3);
Release: LPRINT CHR(27) ÷ "z" + CHR(loc); 

Example: 10 REM STORE GAMMA IN LOCATION 67 (DEC)
20 LPRINT CHR(27) + "y" + CHR(67);
30 LPRINT CHR(0) + CHR(12) + CHR$(146);
40 LPRINT CHR(65) + CHR(34) + CHR$(28);
50 LPRINT CHR(64) + CHR(0) + CHR$(128);
60 FOR I = 1 TO 10
70    LPRINT CHR$(67);
80 NEXT I
90 LPRINT CHR$(10);
100 REM RELEASE GAMMA AND RETURN TO "C"
110 LPRINT CHR(27) + "z" + CHR(67);
120 FOR I = 1 TO 10
130 LPRINT CHR$(67);
140 NEXT I
150 LPRINT CHR$(10);
160 END 

A 

Comments:

• Download characters are 9 dots wide with a 3-dot space.
• Avoid using the same pin in two adjacent columns; otherwise, the pin in the second column of the pair will not be fired.

Miscellaneous commands

HOME PRINT HEAD:

Causes print head to return to its home position.

Name: ESC+<

Code: 27,60 DEC 1B,3C HEX

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "<";

Example: 10 REM HOME PRINT HEAD 20 LPRINT "COME BACK HOME" 30 LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "<"; 40 END

COME BACK HOME

RESET PRINTER:

Initializes printer, causing data in the print buffer, but not in the receive buffer, to be cleared.

Name: ESC+@

Code: 27,64 dec 1B,40 hex

Input Format: LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "@";

Example: 10 REM RESET PRINTER

20 LPRINT CHR\(27) + "W" + CHR\(1);

30 LPRINT "HELLO! GOODBYE!"

40 LPRINT CHR\$(27) + "@";

SO LPRINT "HELLO! GOODBYE!"

60 END

HELLO! GOODBYE!

HELLO! GOODBYE!

Comment:

Refer to Section 3.4 for an explanation of printer initialization.

HALF SPEED PRINTING:
Sets printing to half speed.

Name:	Setting: ESC+s+n n=1,49,129,177Release: ESC+s+m m=0,48,128,176
Code:	Setting: 27,115,n dec 1B,73,n hexRelease: 27,115,m dec 1B,73,m hex
Input Format:	Setting: LPRINT CHR(27) + "s" + CHR(1);Release: LPRINT CHR(27) + "s" + CHR(0);
Example:	10 REM HALF SPEED PRINTING20 LPRINT "HIGH SPEED PRINTING"30 LPRINT CHR(27) + "s" + CHR(1);40 LPRINT "HALF SPEED PRINTING"50 LPRINT CHR(27) + "s" + CHR(0);60 LPRINT "HIGH SPEED PRINTING"70 END
	HIGH SPEED PRINTINGHALF SPEED PRINTINGHIGH SPEED PRINTING

Comments:

Half speed printing can be set only in the pica, elite, standard density image, double speed double density image, and 576 dots/line image modes.

SINGLE DIRECTION:
Sets single direction (left to right) printing mode.

Name:	Setting: ESC+U+n n=1,49,129,177Release: ESC+U+m m=0,48,128,176
Code:	Setting: 27,85,ncec Release: 27,85,mcec	1B,55,nrex 1B,55,mrex
Input Format:	Setting: LPRINT CHR(27)+"U"+CHR(1);Release: LPRINT CHR(27)+"U"+CHR(0);
Example:	10 REM SINGLE DIRECTION PRINTING20 LPRINT CHR(27)+"U"+CHR(1);30 LPRINT "SINGLE DIRECTION PRINTING"40 LPRINT "SINGLE DIRECTION PRINTING"50 LPRINT CHR(27)+"U"+CHR(0);60 LPRINT "BI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING"70 LPRINT "BI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING"80 END
	SINGLE DIRECTION PRINTINGSINGLE DIRECTION PRINTINGBI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTINGBI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING4-67

PAPER-END SELECTION:
Enables paper-end detector.

Name:	Setting: ESC+9Release: ESC+8
Code:	Setting: 27,57 dec Release: 27,56 dec	1B,39 hex1B,38 hex
Input Format:	Setting: LPRINT CHR(27) + "9";Release: LPRINT CHR(27) + "8";

Comments:

• Enabling of the paper-end detector causes printing to stop 1.5 inches from the bottom of the page. PE status is then established.
• Disabling of the paper-end detector causes printing to continue after paper end.
• When the paper-end detector is disabled by ESC+8, PE signal is protected (PE=Low).

4.9 Mixing Print Modes

The printer provides a variety of print modes. Table 4.10 illustrates those print modes which can and cannot be set simultaneously.

Y=YesN=No

Pica

Elite

Semi-Compressed

Compressed (by SI)

Proportional Spacing

Double Width

Emphasized

Double Print

Underline

Superscript

Subscript

*1

*1

*1

*1

*1

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Pica

Elite

*1

*1

*1

*1

*1

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Semi-Compressed

*1

*1

*1

*1

*1

Y

Y

*6

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Compressed

*1

*1

*1

*1

Y

Y

*2

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Proportional Spacing

*1

*1

*1

*1

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

NLQ

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

*3

Y

*4

*4

Double Width

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Emphasized

Y

Y

*6

*2

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Double Print

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

*3

Y

Y

Y

*5

*5

Underline

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Superscript

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

*4

Y

Y

*5

Y

N

Subscript

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

*4

Y

Y

*5

Y

N

Table 4.10 Mixed Print Modes

*1. Although different character pitches cannot be set simultaneously, they may be mixed on a single line.
*2. Only emphasized characters are printed.
-3. Since near letter quality characters are printed with a double pass, the double print designation is ineffective.
*4. Super/Subscript cannot be printed with the near letter quality font.
-5. Since Super/Subscript characters are printed with a double pass, the double print designation is ineffective.
*6. The latter input mode overrides the former.

Note: All characters modes can be mixed on a single line.

4.10 DIP Switches and Control Codes

As explained in Section 3.3, DIP switch settings are read into printer memory when the printer is powered up. Certain printer functions set by these DIP switches can also be set by issuing the appropriate control commands. Table 4.11 illustrates those DIP switch functions which can also be set through software. THE CONTROL COMMAND WILL ALWAYS OVERRIDE THE CORRESPONDING DIP SWITCH SETTING(S).

SWITCH NO.	FUNCTION	SETTING
		DIP SWITCH		SOFTWARE
SW1	Selection of paper out detector
	● Ineffective	ON		ESC+8
	● Effective	OFF		ESC+9
SW2	Selection of page length
	● 12 inch	ON		ESC+C+0+12
	● 11 inch	OFF		ESC+C+0+11
SW4	Selection of skip perforation
	● Skip perforation (1 inch)	ON		ESC+N+6
	● No skip	OFF		ESC+O
SW5	Selection of International Char. Set	SW5	SW6	SW7
	● USA	ON	ON	ON
	● France	OFF	ON	ON
	● Germany	ON	OFF	ON
SW6	● England	OFF	OFF	ON
SW7	● Denmark I	ON	ON	OFF
	● Sweden	OFF	ON	OFF
	● Italy	ON	OFF	OFF
	● Spain	OFF	OFF	OFF
SW8	Selection of 7/8 bit code
	● 7-bit code	—	ON	ESC+=
	● 8-bit code	—	OFF	ESC+#

Table 4.11 Software Control of DIP Switch Functions

Note:

• Japan (ESC+R+8), Norway (ESC+R+9), and Denmark II (ESC+R+10) international character sets are software-selectable only.
• The AUTO FEED XT (SW3) setting enables the printer to issue a line feed after a carriage return. By inserting LPRINT CHR\$(10) in the appropriate portions of a program, you can also issue a line feed after a carriage return. Refer to the LF designation, Section 4.7.

5.1

Parallel Interfacing

Communication with a computer is accomplished through a parallel interface based on the Centronics standard.

Specifications:

• data transfer speed: 1000 cps minimum
• synchronization: external STROBE pulse
• logic levels: TTL
• handshaking: BUSY and ACK signals
• connector type: 57-30360 (AMPHENOL) or equivalent
• cable: use a shielded cable 3 meters or less in length

When the printer is processing data, the BUSY signal is high. The printer will not accept new data from the computer. After the processing is completed, the BUSY signal goes low. (The BUSY signal is also high when the printer is OFF LINE). When this occurs, the ACK signal goes low indicating to the computer that the data has been processed and the printer is ready to accept more data. This handshaking routine occurs each time a character is sent to the printer.

Figure 5.1 Parallel Interface Connector

Signal pin	Return side pin	Signal	Direction
1	19	STROBE	Input
2	20	DATA 1	Input
3	21	DATA 2
4	22	DATA 3
5	23	DATA 4
6	24	DATA 5
7	25	DATA 6
8	26	DATA 7
9	27	DATA 8
10	28	ACK	Output
11	29	BUSY	Output
12		PE	Output
13		SLCT	Output
14		AUTO FEED XT	Input
15
16		SG
17		FG
18		+5 V	Output
31	30	PRIME	Input
32		ERROR	Output
33		SG
34
35
36

Table 5.1 Connector Pin Configuration

5.2 Connector Pin Signals

ACK...ACKNOWLEDGE

Notes:

1. "INPUT" refers to a signal coming into the printer. "OUTPUT" denotes a signal exiting the printer.
2. "RETURN" denotes the return side wire of a twisted pair cable and is connected to signal ground.

3. All interface signals are at TLL levels.

4. This is an output signal to the computer indicating that the printer is ready to receive the next block of data. It is sent out when the BUSY signal drops from high to low. Therefore, it can be thought of as a data request pulse.

5. The signal is normally high. When the condition becomes true, the signal goes low.
6. The ACK signal is automatically sent whenever the printer is switched ON LINE.

STROBE...STROBE

• This is a synchronizing input signal to read data into the printer.
• This signal is normally high. Data is read in when it goes low.
• The pulse must be low for at least 0.5 microsecond.

BUSY

• This output signal indicates the status of the printer. The signal is high when the printer is busy and cannot receive data.
  • The signal is high under the following conditions:
• receive buffer full
• printer is processing data
• printer is OFF LINE
• printer is in an error condition

DATA 1-DATA 8

• These are the input signals which carry the 8 data bits of information.
• The signal is read in synchronization with the STROBE pulse. A high level indicates a logical "1".
• The signal must be present 0.5 microsecond before arrival of the STROBE pulse.

PE...PAPER END

• This output signal indicators that there are only 1.5 inches (38mm) of paper remaining.
• The signal is normally low and goes high during a "Paper End" condition.

SLCT...SELECT

• SELECT is an output signal which indicates the ON LINE or OFF LINE state of the printer. The signal is high in the ON LINE state and low when OFF LINE.
  • The printer enters the ON LINE state:

• when the printer is turned on

• when PRIME is received
• when the RESET command is received
• when the ON LINE switch is pressed

• The printer enters the OFF LINE state:

1. when the printer is out of paper
2. when the printer is switched OFF LINE

AUTO FEED XT (AFXT)

• This input signal determines if a line feed (LF) command will be added to each carriage return (CR).
• When AFXT is low, CR + LF action occurs. When AFXT is high, only a carriage return is performed.
• DIP switch SW3 can alter the response by the printer to an AFXT signal. If SW3 is ON, the printer will perform a CR + LF regardless of the level of the incoming signal. When SW3 is OFF, this automatic action is disabled.

SG...SIGNAL GROUND

- The twisted pair return wires (pins 19–30) are connected to signal ground.

FG...FRAME GROUND

- Frame ground is the same as chassis ground.

+5V

This is for evaluation only. It should not be used to supply power for external equipment.

PRIME

This input signal is used to initialize the printer. The signal is normally high and goes low to reset the printer. It can be received anytime during printer operation.

ERROR

This output signal is an "error" or "fault" condition. Normally high, this signal goes low when an error occurs. An error condition can be caused by:

1. a "Paper End" condition
2. the printer is OFF LINE
3. an overload condition exists

Timing Chart
(When normal printing code is received)

T1 ... 0.5μs (Min)
T2 ... 1μs (Min)
T3 ... 0.5μs (Min)
T4 ... 5μs (Max)
T5 ... 1ms or less when not buffer full 1s or less when buffer full

Figure 5.2 Timing Diagram

MAINTENANCE

The printer does not require any routine maintenance. However, reasonable care of the printer will extend its life. The following preventive and periodic measures are recommended:

6.1 Preventive Maintenance

• Keep all liquids away from the printer. Accidental spillage of a liquid into the printer can cause severe damage.
• Do not block the air flow around the printer. Do not place books, paper, or other items on top of the printer.
• Special care should be taken to protect the printer if it is used in an unfriendly environment such as a machine shop, a dusty or sandy area, etc.
• When transporting the printer, be sure the carriage stoppers are in place. This will help prevent damage to the print head.
• The life of the print head can be extended by observing a few simple precautions.
• Do not operate the printer without paper and a ribbon cassette installed.
• Avoid continuous use of the same pins (under line, semi-graphics, etc.) without allowing the print head time to cool.
• Do not obstruct the movement of the print head while in operation.
• If the printer is not going to be used for an extended period, unplug the power cord.

6.2 Periodic Maintenance

Cleaning the unit is the most important action the user can perform. The frequency of cleaning is dependent upon the environment.

• Turn the power OFF.

• Clean the case and covers with a soft cloth. Use any mild commercial cleaner.

• Remove the top and front covers. Vacuum or dust the inside area of the unit. Be very careful not to damage the flex ribbon cable on the carriage drive belt.
  ● The platen should be cleaned with denatured alcohol only.

• If the printer should need servicing return the unit to an authorized Panasonic service center. Do not attempt to repair the unit. There are no user-repairable assemblies in the printer.

Ribbon Cassette

A single ribbon permits the printing of about 2 million characters. When the printing starts to fade, gently push the counter spring in the ribbon cassette hole with the tip of a ballpoint pen or other object. This allows the printing of an additional 1 million characters. Once the ribbon cassette is mounted onto the carriage and printing is performed for a short time; the characters become darker.

Note:

Do not push this before the printing starts to fade.

Fresh ribbon cassette

When the printing starts to fade again, replace the ribbon cassette.

Product name: Ribbon cassette Product number: KX-P110

Wear and tear of the print head pins may cause serious damage of the ribbon and printing to fade. In such case the printer needs servicing.

- Dust and paper trash on the carriage shaft and the carriage guide shaft may obstruct the movement of the carriage. Clean them with a soft cloth. Periodical cleaning is necessary for proper operation and extended product life.

6.3 Troubleshooting

Most problems associated with the printer can be tracted to improper setup, installation, or cabling. Table 6.1 will assist the user in identifying and

correcting some of the more common problems. If you need additional help, contact the store from which the unit was purchased.

SYMPTOM	POSSIBLE CAUSE	PROBABLE SOLUTION
Printer Dead	No AC PowerFuse blown	Check Power CordReplace fuse
Power on but printer not printing	Printer not ON LINE; out of paper	Press ON LINE switch replace paper
Printer won't go ON LINE	Out of paper	Replace paper
Paper slips around platen	Paper feed selector in TRACTOR position.	Set selector to FRICTION
Head moves but does not print	Ribbon not installed correctly	Re-inset ribbon
Paper bunches up around platen	No reverse tension on paper	Set paper supply lower than printer
Continuous Paper/Error Indicator flashing	OVERLOAD condition	Carriage travel path blocked;carriage stoppers not removed
Printout double-spaced or no spacing	AFXT switch improperly set	Set DIP switchSW3—as required
Cannot print ASCII characters with code above 127, Italic characters printing	7 bit/8 bit switch set incorrectly on printer or interface	Set DIP switchSW8—as required
Cannot change print mode from computer	Print mode switch set incorrectly	Normal condition.Refer to Section 3.1

Table 6.1 Troubleshooting

APPENDIX A

Character Set Tables

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

0

NULL

SP

0

@

P

'

p

SP

0

@

P

'

p

1

DC1

1

1

A

Q

a

q

DC1

/

1

A

Q

a

q

2

DC2

"

2

B

R

b

r

DC2

"

2

B

R

b

r

3

DC3

#

3

C

S

c

s

DC3

#

3

C

S

c

s

4

DC4

4

D

T

d

t

DC4

4

D

T

d

t

5

%

5

E

U

e

u

%

5

E

U

e

u

6

&

6

F

V

f

v

&

6

F

V

f

v

7

'

7

G

W

g

w

'

7

G

W

g

w

8

BS

CAN

(

8

H

X

h

x

BS

CAN

(

8

H

X

h

x

9

HT

)

9

I

Y

i

y

HT

)

9

/

Y

i

y

A

LF

*

:

J

Z

j

z

LF

*

:

J

Z

j

z

B

VT

ESC

+

;

K

[

k

{

VT

ESC

+

;

K

/

k

{

C

FF

,

<

L

\

l

|

FF

,

<

L

\

l

/

D

CR

-

=

M

]

m

}

CR

-

=

M

]

m

}

E

SO

.

>

N

^

n

~

SO

.

>

N

^

n

~

F

SI

/

?

O

—

o

DEL

SI

/

?

O

—

o

DEL

International Character Set

n

35o23-

36o24-

64o40H

91o5B-

92o5Cm

93o5DH

94o5EH

96o60H

123o7BH

124o7Cr

125o7Dn

126o7EH

USA

0

#

@

[

\

]

^

'

|

~

FRANCE

1

#

à

°

ç

§

^

'

é

ù

è

"

GERMANY

2

#

S

§

Ä

Ö

Ü

^

'

ä

ö

ü

ß

ENGLAND

3

£

S

@

[

\

]

^

'

{

|

}

~

DENMARK I

4

#

$

@

Æ

∅

Å

^

'

æ

ø

å

~

SWEDEN

5

#

α

É

Ä

Ö

Å

Ü

é

ä

ö

å

ü

ITALY

6

#

S

@

°

\

é

^

ù

à

ö

è

i

SPAIN

7

Pt

S

@

i

Ñ

¿

^

'

..

ñ

}

~

-JAPAN

8

#

S

@

[

¥

]

^

'

{

|

}

~

-NORWAY

9

#

α

É

Æ

∅

Å

Ü

é

æ

ø

å

ü

-DENMARK II

10

#

S

É

Æ

∅

Å

Ü

é

æ

ø

å

ü

*Accessible only through software

Italic International Character Set

LOCATION		CHAR.	LOCATION		CHAR.	LOCATION		CHAR.	LOCATION		CHAR.
DEC	HEX		DEC	HEX		DEC	HEX		DEC	HEX
128	80	à	137	89		146	92		155	9B
129	81	è	138	8A		147	93		156	9C
130	82	ù	139	8B		148	94		157	9D
131	83	ò	140	8C	Pt	149	95		158	9E
132	84	l	141	8D		150	96	..	159	9F	¥
133	85	°	142	8E		151	97		255	FF
134	86	£	143	8F		152	98
135	87	i	144	90		153	99
136	88	¿	145	91		154	9A

APPENDIX B

DIP Switch Settings

SWITCH NUMBER	FUNCTION	ON	OFF	POSITION WHEN SHIPPED
SW1	Paper Out Detector	Ineffective	Effective	OFF
SW2	Page Length	12 inch (305 mm)	11 inch (279 mm)	OFF
SW3	AUTO FEED XT	Fixed Internally	Not Fixed Internally	OFF
SW4	Skip Perforation	1 Inch (25.4 mm) Skip	No Skip	OFF
SW5	International	See International		ON
SW6	Character	Character Set		ON
SW7	Set	Chart		ON
SW8	7 bit/8 bit	7 bit	8 bit	OFF

DIP Switch Settings

SW5	SW6	SW7	INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER SET
ON	ON	ON	USA
OFF	ON	ON	FRANCE
ON	OFF	ON	GERMANY
OFF	OFF	ON	ENGLAND
ON	ON	OFF	DENMARK I
OFF	ON	OFF	SWEDEN
ON	OFF	OFF	ITALY
OFF	OFF	OFF	SPAIN

International Character Sets

APPENDIX C

Download Character Matrix Blanks

Make copies of this page first.
Then use blank matrices to design your download characters.

APPENDIX D

Software Commands

CHARACTER MODE COMMANDS		Page
Name	Function
DC2	Releases compressed printing	4-5
DC4	Releases one-line double width setting	4-6
SI	Sets compressed printing	4-8
SO	Sets one-line double width printing	4-9
ESC+P	Sets pica pitch	4-11
ESC+M	Sets elite pitch	4-12
ESC+W+1	Sets double width printing	4-13
ESC+W+0	Releases all double width settings	4-13
ESC+SI	Sets compressed printing	4-14
ESC+SO	Sets one-line double width printing	4-14
ESC+S+0	Sets superscript mode	4-15
ESC+T	Releases sub/superscript mode	4-15
ESC+S+1	Sets subscript mode	4-16
ESC+4	Sets italic mode	4-17
ESC+5	Releases italic mode	4-17
ESC+6	Sets italic international mode	4-18
ESC+7	Releases italic international mode	4-18
ESC+R+n	Selects international character set	4-19
ESC+E	Sets emphasis print	4-20
ESC+F	Releases emphasis print	4-20
ESC+G	Sets double printing	4-21
ESC+H	Releases double printing	4-21
ESC+-+1	Sets underline	4-22
ESC+-+0	Releases underline	4-22
ESC+l+n	Specifies a print mode combination	4-23
ESC+n	Sets NLQ (pica pitch) mode	4-26
ESC+o	Sets NLQ (elite pitch) mode	4-27
ESC+w+n	Selects a character pitch	4-28
ESC+x+1	Selects NLQ font	4-29
ESC+x+0	Selects drafts font	4-29
ESC+p+1	Sets proportional spacing mode	4-30
ESC+p+0	Releases proportional spacing mode	4-30

BIT IMAGE (GRAPHICS) MODE COMMANDS		Page
Name	Function
ESC+K+n_1+n_2	Sets standard density(480 dots/line)	4-39
ESC+L+n_1+n_2	Sets double density(960 dots/line)	4-39
ESC+Y+n_1-n_2	Sets double speed/double density(960 dots/line)	4-40
ESC+Z+n_1+n_2	Sets quadruple density(1920 dots/line)	4-40
ESC+·+m+n_1+n_2	Selects one of 8-pin bit image modes(480, 960, 1920, 640, 576, 720 dots/line)	4-41
ESC+·+m+n_1+n_2	Selects one of 9-pin bit image modes(480, 960, 1920, 640, 576, 720 dots/line)	4-43
ESC+?+n+m	Assigns bit image density	4-44

Software Commands

LINE SPACING COMMANDS		Page
Name	Function
ESC+0	Sets line spacing to 1/8"	4-45
ESC+1	Sets line spacing to 7/72"	4-46
ESC+2	Sets line spacing to 1/6"	4-46
ESC+A+n	Sets line spacing to n/72"	4-47
ESC+3+n	Sets line spacing to n/216"	4-48
ESC+J-n	Spaces n/216" (1-line only)	4-49

PAPER FEED COMMANDS

Page

Name	Function
FF	Advances paper to next top of form position	4-6
LF	Advances paper one line	4-7
ESC+N+n	Sets skip perforation	4-50
ESC+O	Releases skip perforations setting	4-50

PAGE FORMAT COMMANDS

Page

Name	Function
BS	Prints, then backspaces one character	4-3
HT	Executes horizontal tabulation	4-7
VT	Executes vertical tabulation	4-9
ESC+D+n+...+n+0	Sets horizontal tabulation	4-51
ESC+D+0	Releases horizontal tabulation	4-51
ESC+e+0+n	Sets horizontal tabulation every "n" positions	4-52
ESC+B+n+...+n+0	Sets vertical tabulation	4-53
ESC+B+0	Releases vertical tabulation	4-53
ESC+e-1+n	Sets vertical tabulation every "n" lines	4-54
ESC+C+0+n	Sets page length in inches	4-55
ESC+C+n	Sets page length in lines	4-56
ESC+l+n	Sets column head (Left margin)	4-57
ESC+Q+n	Sets column end (Right margin)	4-58
ESC+f+0+n	Skips "n" position on a line	4-59
ESC+f+1+n	Skips "n" lines	4-60

WORD PROCESSING COMMANDS

Page

Name	Function
ESC+a+0	Enables left alignment	4-32
ESC+a+1	Enables auto centering	4-33
ESC+a-2	Enables right alignment	4-33
ESC+a+3	Enables auto justification	4-34

Software Commands

DATA CONTROL COMMANDS		Page
Name	Function
CAN	Clears data in buffer	4-4
DEL	Deletes last printable character	4-4
DC1	Selects printer remotely	4-5
DC3	Deselects printer remotely	4-5
ESC+>	Sets MSB on	4-61
ESC+=	Sets MSB off	4-62
ESC+#	Cancels MSB setting	4-63

DOWNLOADABLE CHARACTER COMMANDS Page

Name	Function
ESC+y+loc+
D_1 + D_2 + + D_n	Defines download character	4-65
ESC+z+loc	Releases download character definition	4-65

MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS Page

Name	Function
CR	Starts printing	4-4
ESC	First byte of multi-byte control code	4-6
NULL	Last byte of certain multi-byte control codes	4-7
ESC+<	Homes print head	4-66
ESC+@	Initializes the printer	4-66
ESC+s+1	Sets half speed printing	4-67
ESC+s+0	Releases half speed printing	4-67
ESC+U+1	Sets single direction printing	4-67
ESC+U+0	Releases single direction printing	4-67
ESC+9	Enables paper-end detection	4-68
ESC+8	Disables paper-end detection	4-68

APPENDIX E

Paper

1. Continuous paper

A list of the paper which may be used with this unit is provided below.

Width: 4\~10 inches (102\~254 mm) continuous paper with perforations on either side.

Quality and number of sheets: Up to 3 sheets can be used; the relationship between the paper quality and number of sheets is given below.

Types of paper	Sheets	Thickness (continuous paper weight in pounds)	Remarks
Fine-quality paper	1	14~17
Non-carbon paper	2
	3	11~14 (17)	(17) is only for the last sheet.
Multi-layer paper with carbon	2

• The multi-layer paper with carbon is such that the inserted carbon sheet is equivalent to a sheet of paper and so the maximum number of sheets of such paper is 2.
• The "continuous paper weight" represents the weight of the paper y indicating the weight of 500 sheets [17×22 inches (432×559 mm)] in pounds.

2. Single Sheet

Width: 4\~9 inches (102\~229 mm) Height: 5\~14.3 inches (127\~363 mm) Thickness (paper weight in pound): 11\~21.5 pounds (Only 1 sheet)

Printing Area

A : 1 inch (25.4 mm)

B : 0.95 inch (24 mm)

C : 3.85 inches (98 mm)

D : 1.5 inches (38 mm)

A: the distance from the paper perforations where the lines may slip.
B: the distance from the center of the sprocket hole, to the left edge of the leftmost character, with the tractor in its leftmost position.
C: the distance from the top edge of the paper to the first line of printing.
D: the distance from the bottom of the page where paper end is detected.

INDEX

A

Acknowledge (ACK)	3-1, 5-2
ASCII	1-1, 4-1
AUTO FEED XT (AFXT)	3-3, 5-3

B

Backspace (BS)	4-3
BASIC	4-1. 4-2
Bi-directional printing	1-1
Bit image graphics	4-43
Bit image mode	4-41. 4-43
Buffer	1-1
Buffer clear	4-4
BUSY	5-2

C

Cancel (CAN)	4-4
Carriage return (CR)	4-4
Character intensity	4-20
Character mode commands	4-11
Compatibility	3-3
Compressed
mode	1-1, 4-8
mode release	4-5
subscript	4-16
superscript	4-15
Concatenation	4-10
Connector pin signals	5-2, 5-3
Control codes	4-1, 4-50
multiple byte	4-10
single byte	4-3
Covers
replacing	3-5
removal	2-1

D

Data control commands	4-64
Delete (DEL)	4-4
Device control (DC1-DC4)	4-5
DIP switches
chart	3-3
function	3-3
location	3-2
software control	4-70
Dot density	4-35
Dot matrix	1-1
Double
density graphics	4-39
printing	4-21
speed double
density graphics	4-40
width	4-13
width release	4-6
width single line	4-9, 4-14

Downloadable

Character command	4-64
Character define	4-65
Draft mode	3-1
DTR	1-1

E

Elite mode	1-1, 4-12
Elongated(see double width)	4-13, 4-14
release (see double width)	4-6
Emphasis	4-20
Error	5-3
Escape (ESC)	4-6
ETX/ACK	1-1

F

Form feed	2-5, 3-1, 4-6
Form feed line feed (FF) switch	3-1
Form length set (inch)	4-55
Form length set (lines)	4-56
Frame ground (FG)	5-3
Friction feed	2-4

G

Graphics:
bit image	4-35
double density	4-39
double speed	4-40
quad density	4-40
standard density	4-39

H

Half speed printing	4-67
Hex dump	3-5
Hexadecimal entry	4-2
Home Print Head	4-66
Horizontal spacing	4-59
tab	4-7
tab set	4-51
tab set (unit)	4-52

1

Initialization	3-4
Input formats	4-10
Intensity	4-20
Interface signals	5-2
Interfacing	1-1
International characters	1-1, 3-3, 4-19
Italics	1-1, 4-17
Italic int'l characters	4-18

K
Keyboard entry	4-2

L
Left margin set	4-57
Line feed	4-7
Line feed/Form feed (LF/FF) switch	3-1
Line spacing commands	4-45
Logic seeking	1-1

M
Maintenance, preventative	6-1
Maintenance, periodic	6-1
Mixing print modes	4-69
Margin, left	4-57
Margin, right	4-58
Most significant bit (MSB)
cancel	4-63
release	4-62
set	4-61
Multiple byte control codes	4-10

N
Near letter quality (NLQ)	4-26
Null (NULL) command	4-7

O
Online/Offline	3-1

P
Page
format commands	4-51
length designation	2-5

Paper
alignment	2-5
end select	4-68
end signal	5-2
feed	2-3, 2-4
feed, FF	4-6
feed, LF	4-7
feed, skip perforation	4-50
installation	2-3
out detector	3-2
separators	2-2
Pica mode	1-1, 4-1
Pitch	4-11
Platen	2-3, 2-4
Power switch	2-3, 3-1
Print
head	1-1
head gap	2-5
mode select switch	3-1
Proportional spacing	4-30
Protocols	1-1

Q
Quadruple density graphics	4-40

R
Receive buffer	3-5
Reset printer	3-4, 4-66
Ribbon installation	2-2
Right margin set	4-58

S
Select signal	5-3
Self test	3-5

Shift
in (SI)	4-8
out (SO)	4-9
Signal ground (SG)	5-3

Single
byte control codes	4-3
direction set	4-67

Skip
perforation	3-3, 4-50
perforation release	4-50
Specifications	1-3
Standard density graphics	4-39
Strobe signal	5-2
Subscript	4-16
release	4-16
Superscript	4-15
release	4-15

T
Top of from	2-5
Tractors	2-4
Troubleshooting	6-2

U
Underlining	4-22, 4-59

Vertical
spacing	4-60
tab	4-9
tab release	4-55, 4-56
tab set	4-53
tab set (unit)	4-54

W
Word processing	4-10
commands	4-32
packages	4-1

MEMO

MEMO

121

Panasonic Industrial Company, Computer Products Div. Division of Matsushita Electric Corporation of America One Panasonic Way, Secaucus, New Jersey 07094

Panasonic Hawaii, Inc. (PHI) 91-238 Kauhi St. Ewa Beach, Honolulu, Hawaii 96808-0774

Panasonic Sales Company Ave. 65 De Infanteria. KM9.7 Victoria Industrial Park Carolina, Puerto Rico 00630